I PREFACE N the preparation of this work it has been the aim of the author to present the various facts and incidents marking the history of the United States in an impartial, unbiased manner. Few men, even among those who make close, analytical study of conditions, view the same things in exactly the same way. For this reason there is apt to be a wide variance in historical works in treating on the same subjects. All careful historians will agree on the main facts, especially as to well-established occurrences and dates, while differing widely as to the causes and results of these occurrences. If it were not for this characteristic of history recording and analysis marking the difference in the various works of this nature, one history (provided it were reliable) would be as valuable as another, and there would be little or no choice between them, except in the matter of diction. But history students of the present day are becoming more and more imbued with a desire to advise themselves accurately on matters other than a knowledge of dates and occurrences; they wish, and laudably so, to draw deductions from these events; to know why and how certain occurrences were brought about, and the effect on subsequent affairs. This is particularly the case with men and women who have advanced beyond the mere school stage. They have become reasoning individuals with minds of their own and the power to deduce their own inferences from comparison of the various authorities. It is to assist in this endeavor that the author has made of the "History and Government of the United States" something more than an ordinary historical record. He has endeavored to analyze the causes and effects of important events, briefly in some instances, and at considerable length in others. It would be strange, remarkably so, if all readers should agree with the author's deductions as thus made, but, despite such disagreements in opinions, and they are legitimate ones, these deductions have been made in all candor and honesty, and with the sole purpose of assisting discriminating readers to draw their own conclusions. This is becoming more and more, and rightly so, the main object of conscientious historians. As will be seen this work extends beyond the mere history of the United States. It dates back to the earliest days of America, not merely for the purpose of reiterating the well-known facts of discovery and settlement, but to establish the necessary chronological chain of events, and bring out the historical connection between the past and the present. Aside from an interesting chapter on "American Prehistoric Races," these early events in the history of our country are treated as briefly as is consistent with the general purpose of the work, and a careful reading of them will aid to a better and more intelligent understanding of conditions leading up to the present situation. It is only fair and proper that the thanks of the author should be given to the eminent gentlemen whose invaluable contributions have made it possible to complete an authentic and reliable work of this magnitude. W. J. J. CONTENTS. VOLUME I. Sir Humphrey Gilbert.-The Fisheries.-St. John's, New- foundland.-Sir Walter Raleigh.-Exploring Expedition. London and Plymouth Companies.-King James's Laws.-The Voyage and Arrival-Jamestown, John Smith, his Energy. His Captivity.-Misery of the Colonists.-New Emigrants.-Lord Delaware.-Sir Thomas Gates.-Poca- First Voyage to.-Explorations of John Smith.-The Church of England. - The Puritans. Congregation of John Robinson.-Pilgrims in Holland.-Arrangements to Emi- grate. The Voyage.-Their Prominent Men.-A Consti- tution adopted.-Landing at Plymouth.-Sufferings.-In- A Company Organized; Settlement of Salem.-The Charter Transferred.-Boston and Vicinity Settled.-Roger Wil- liams: his Banishment; he founds Providence.-Discus- sions Renewed.-Anne Huchinson; Settlement of Rhode Island. The Dutch at Hartford; Disputes with.-Migra- tions to the Connecticut; Hooker and Haynes.-Pequod War.-Rev. John Davenport; Settlement of New Haven. -Sir Ferdinand Gorges; New Hampshire.-The_United Colonies. Educated Men; Harvard College, Printing Press, Common Schools.—Quakers: Persecution of.-Eliot Slavery.-Massacre by the Indians.-King James's Sympa- thies.-Lord Baltimore.-Settlement of Maryland.-Clay- borne's Rebellion.-Toleration.-Berkeley, Governor of Virginia, Intolerance. State of Society. - Aristocratic Assembly. War with the Susquehannas. - Nathaniel Bacon.-Disturbances, Obnoxious Assembly Dissolved.— Jamestown burned; Death of Bacon.-Tyranny of Berk- eley; Aristocratic Assembly; its Illiberal Acts.-Deplor- IIudson's Discoveries.-A Change Wrought.-The Fort on the Isle of Manhattan.-Walloons-the first Settlers-Peter Minuits.-The Patroons; Van Twiller Governor.-Kieft his Successor.-Difficulties with the Indians.-They Seek Protection; their Massacre.-Peace Concluded.-Stuyves- ant Governor.-The Swedish Settlement on the Dela- The Quakers.- William Penn; his Education. - Obtains a Charter.-Lands at New Castle; Philadelphia Founded.— Rights of the Indians.-German Emigrants.-Fletcher the Royal Governor.-New Charter Granted the People.- COLONIZATION OF THE CAROLINAS. The first Settlers.-Grants to Royal Favorites.-The "Grand Model."-Settlement at Cape Fear River.-Sir John Yea- mans.-Emigrants Under Sayle.-The Huguenots.-The People Independent.-Churchmen and Dissenters.-Rice. -Manufactures Prohibited.-War.-Failure to Capture St. Augustine.-The ruin of the Apalachees.-Religious |