far would it go towards establishing an out-of-work fund? And does any great number of us believe that there is need for either an out-of-work fund or a superannuation fund? And do the conditions exist in North America which make such funds advisable with the trades-unions of Europe? In Europe, when a man learns a trade he expects to follow it the remainder of his life, that he will be a printer or a carpenter until he becomes too old to work, and that his sons will follow in his footsteps and that, like his own, their wages will be regulated according to the bare cost of living, with little or nothing to spare for the support of those who are no longer able to compete with youth and strength. That condition of things does not exist in America, at least, we do not and will not believe that it does. Ninetenths of the printers who wrestle with editorial are convinced that they could give the editor cards, spades and big casino and beat him out, and that the reputations of Greeley and Dana will have a close call for eclipse when they get an opportunity to do themselves justice, and they go right on believing that the opportunity will come till the time arrives when he quits building castles in the air for his own use, and starts erecting them for his son; and through it all, he views an out-of-work fund as someting principally for the benefit of careless and improvdent men, and that the restrictions necessary to prevent fraud would also prevent much good being done.

As a temporary expedient in the large cities, an out-of-work fund is a good thing, both from the business and the philanthropic points of view, but in the smaller cities, where work is comparatively steady the year round and wages are low, a tax for that purpose would be an injustice to men who are having a hard struggle to maintain even a low scale, and would hinder what most of us believe to be the real object of the trades-union, the attainment of a fair day's pay for a fair day's work. It seems to me, that

before any practical benefit can be derived from an out-of-work fund, something will have to be done to regulate the supply of printers through an apprenticeship law, and I do not think the apprentice question can be handled by the union alone. Co-operation of employer and employe is necessary, and the question is of equal importance to both. HUGH WALLACE.

Buffalo, N. Y.

Progressing With Some Encouragement. At the last regular meeting of 232, it being New Year's night, only a handful of the faithful attended, Mr. Henikie, vice-president, in the chair. With the few present, business was transacted with decorum and dispatch.

A committee was appointed to confer with Dr. Kilmer, of patent medicine fame, with a view of unionizing his printing office. Another committee was instructed to revise the constitution and scale of prices-a dime museum curiosity, by the way. In machine offices, the scale calls for $16 per week, for operators, eight hours a day; head men, $13.50 per week, nine hours a day; ad men, $12 per week, ten hours a day. It is hoped the committee will bring in a uniform scale for machine offices, and an effort will be made to increase the book and job scale from $12 to $14 per week.

William H. Moran, the genial foreman of the only morning paper in this city, was obligated at the last meeting of the union. There isn't a better or a more social good fellow among the craft in this city. If more of his kind were among us it would be an honor to our local union. This is the first union Mr. Moran ever belonged to, he coming here from Owego, this state, some thirteen years ago, since which time he has been employed on the Republican as foreman. Now that we have made a start in the Republican machine room, it is hoped more will join our ranks ere long from that quarter.

O. J. Donnelly, foreman of the Herald job room, was united in marriage a few

The

weeks since to Miss Mary Greene. couple have the best wishes of the fraternity.

The Sunday Message changed quarters last week, now being located on Commercial avenue, near Court street. There is no chairman in that office. O. J. Coughlin, the reputed owner, is the foreman, with one of Binghamton's numerous kids on the stones. There are a number of men holding situations in other offices who toil on the Message Saturday nights, to the detriment of those out of work.

The Saturday Call is another nice sample. We are supposed to have one union man in that office, and with the assistance of four cheap girls, the Call appears as usual.

The evening Herald is running about fifteen columns of plate matter every day. W. Binghamton, N. Y.

An Hour With the Visionaries.

The writer attended a joint meeting of all the reform agitators recently that dif fered in many points from anything yet attempted in that line. The meeting was held in a labor hall, and aside from the regular plain chairs were quite a number of the latest upholstered easy chairs. All the ists and isms were represented when the meeting was called to order, except the capitalists. But shortly afterward they came in (by invitation) and occupied the choice seats. Their faces betrayed the uneasiness they felt. At first I supposed that capital and labor had at last met to discuss mutual interests, but was soon undeceived.

The first speaker scored capitalists unmercifully, and said that his remedy was the only positive cure for labor's ills. The second speaker was more vehement against capital than the first orator, but he also scored the remedy offered and advocated the "only" cure. The capitalists' faces lengthened out considerably. The third said the first two were dreamers, and that his cure-all was "the" one. The fourth said the same, only roasted

the three preceding him, and at this the capitalists smiled audibly. When the fifth man had called the first four all the nincompoops parliamentary law allowed, they broke into such a loud guffaw that the chairman called them to order. By the time the tenth man was about half finished in describing the beauties of his panacea there were only two left, and as they rose to go they stopped in front of the writer and conversed as follows:

"Well, Mr. Foolafeller, what do you think of it?"

"Mr. Fooled, they are on the right track, but will never agree. The reform advocated is necessary to their welfare. If they ever agree to combine on one and work upon it until it is accomplished, then take up the next needed one, and so on, we shall be compelled to confine ourselves to strictly legitimate business; but they will never agree.''

Then followed an immense rumbling noise, a feminine voice said: "It's 2 o'clock," and I woke up. DREAMER. Dallas, Tex.

Away Up in New Hampshire.

At our last meeting, held January 7, the installation of officers was the chief business to come before our body. The following persons were present and hied themselves to the altar to take the solemn obligation of office, when called upon by our deputy district organizer, C. E. Smith, who ably presided in the absence of the president: president President, M. H. Gurley; vice-president, Dan. E. Mooney; corresponding secretary, Arthur G. Fish; secretary-treasurer, L. E. Murphy; sergeantat-arms, C. G. McQuestin; trustees, Herbert W. Cook and C. F. Adams.

After the new president took the chair considerable local business was transacted. The matter of having a scale of prices was discussed at some length, but no final action taken. A motion to withdraw the label from all the offices in the city was made and carried, and the arduous task of collecting them was given to the secretary-treasurer. This leaves our city

The Journal Down in Georgia. Thinking, perhaps, that you would be flooded with communications comment ing on the new JOURNAL in the issue after its first appearance, so I waited a few days longer to give those a chance who had something better to say than I did. I'm sorry to say that it is a rare thing to read a communication from this part of "Dixie" nowadays. I wish that the fluent writers from this section would contribute more to the JOURNAL. Nothing stimulates and puts more life into a union than to have it well spoken of in print. But now I'm digressing from what I started to say, and I know you have already guessed it was about the JOURNAL.

The printers of Augusta are certainly proud of and delighted with the transformation of the JOURNAL. I have heard I have heard many compliments paid it, and coming from those who are fully qualified to judge, is worthy of mention.

No. 41 is in better shape now than it has been for many years. There is a very noticeable increase and enthusiasm in our meetings of late, and we hope soon to make it the banner union of Georgia.

I could take up much more of your valuable space, but suppose "there are others." Wishing the JOURNAL continued success, I enclose the names, with money, of one dozen who wish to subscribe to the new JOURNAL, beginning with the new year. J. W. DOAN. Augusta, Georgia.

It does not beautify piety to any measurable extent to ply it with the affectation of sanctity.

How To Make a Union Fail.

As soon as you have elected your officers begin to mistrust and find fault with them.

Make much of very little difference that occurs, and blazon it abroad to the world. If you can not have your own way, make sure the union is going to the dogs.

Make much of the little mechanical rules by which the union is worked, and keep in the background the real motives for its existence.

Always predict failure of any plan that is adopted.

When any scheme does fail, always remind the members that you said it would.

Always be as mysterious as you can about your intentions. It is such a help to the officers if they don't know whether you mean to stick to the union or not. Besides, it keeps them humble.

Pass a lot of resolutions condemning all and sundry. It is such a help to the other side.

Always take the word of an enemy in preference to the word of a friend.

Be quite sure that any twenty or thirty of the members know more than all the

rest.

Always be ready to get your back up. As soon as any practicable scheme is started, propose another on a more gigantic scale. Then nothing will probably be done, and you will have the satisfaction of being able to grumble again.

Remember, the inalienable right of a unionist is to find fault and never to praise.

Carry these few rules out, and if your union does not fail it will not be your fault.

HOW TO MAKE IT SUCCEED. Stick to your union like a leech. Remember your faults, and don't be too hard upon others.

Trust your officers, and be careful in selecting them.

When there is one maggot there will soon be more. Don't be the first.

Don't magnify your own sacrifices. Others have made sacrifices quite as great.-New South Wales Worker.

The Oldest Newspaper in the World. The oldest newspaper is the Pekin Gazette, which dates from about the beginning of our era. The first newspaper printed by movable block type was the Gazette, of Nuremburg, Germany, which was published first in 1457. No copy of this paper is known to exist. The oldest copy of a newspaper in existence is one of the Gazette of Venice. It is contained in the Magliabecchian Library in Venice, and is dated 1570.

My advice to workingmen is this: If you want to make yourself felt; if you do not want your children to wait long years before they have the bread on the table they ought to have, the opportunities in life they ought to have; if you don't want to wait yourself, write on your banner so that every political trimmer can read it, so that every politician, no matter how short-sighted he may be, can read it: "We never forget." If you launch the arrow of sarcasm at labor, "we never forget." If there is a division in congress and you throw your vote in the wrong scale, "we never forget." You may go down on your knees and say: "I am sorry I did the act." And we will say: "It may avail you in heaven, but on this side of the grave-never." So that a man in taking up the labor question will know that he is dealing with a hair-trigger pistol, and will say: "I am to be true to justice and to man, otherwise I am a dead duck."-Wendell Phillips.

What we want to seek and obtain and hold and love is not of this or that sect, but wisdom itself.

Addenda.

The following is herewith published as addenda to the constitution, general laws, etc., of 1894:

To accord with the agreement entered into between the International Printing Pressmen's Union, the International Brotherhood of Bookbinders and the International Typographical Union, and to provide for change in form of THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL, the Constitution, General Laws, etc., were amended as follows, and hereafter pertinent provisions should be read in the light of these amendments:

CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLE I.-Section 1, fourth line, strike out the word "pressmen;" in the fifth line, the words "bindery girls, bookbinders;" and also in the eleventh and twelfth lines the words "pressfeeders and web press helpers." making the line read "writers' and mailers' unions."

Sec. 2. Strike out all after the words "provided, further, that charters," in the twelfth line.

Sec. 4. In lines four and five, strike out the words "pressmen and bookbinders."

Sec. 5. Strike out the final sentence beginning "Where there are pressmen's unions."

* *

ARTICLE IV.-Section 1. Amend fourth, fifth and sixth lines to read as follows: "First Vice-President, Second Vice-President, who shall be a practical stereotyper or electrotyper; third * also strike out the following words in the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth lines of the section: "an organizer, who shall be a practical bookbinder, for the purpose of organizing that branch of the allied trades."

Sec. 4. Amend by making second line read, "and Third Vice-President, the * *??

*

ARTICLE V.-Strike out all of Section 2.

ARTICLE VI.-Amend Section 3 by the following substitutions: "Electrotypers or stereotypers" for "pressmen," in third line; "electrotyper or stereotyper, as the case may be," for "pressmen" in fifth line; "electrotypers' or stereotypers' " for "pressmen's" in line eight, and stereotyper or electrotyper" for "pressmen" in line eleven.

Strike out all of Section 4, making Section 5 Section 4, and amending the first line thereof by substituting "third" for "fourth."

ARTICLE VII.-Section 1. Amend by striking out the words "Second Vice-President, $600 per annum and traveling expenses as provided for the President," and substituting the words "Second" for "Third," and "Third" for "Fourth," in lines one and two, respectively, on page 16, Constitution.

ARTICLE IX.-Section 1. Amend by striking out the words "excepting feeders and bindery girls, whose dues shall be fifteen (15) cents," in lines seven, eight and nine.

Amend Section 3 by striking out the above-quoted words in lines three, four and five, and in lines nine, ten and eleven.

Amend Section 4 by striking out the last proviso, beginning at the end of line ten."

ARTICLE XIII.-Amend Section 1, by striking out the words in third line "14 x 10% in size."

ARTICLE XIV-Amend section 1, by striking out the words excepting in the cases of feeders and bindery girls, when the draft shall be for forty-five (45) dollars,' in the fifth and sixth lines thereof.

ARTICLE XV.-Amend by striking out the final proviso of Section 1, commencing at the end of the ninth line.

ARTICLE XVI.-Amend Section 2, by striking out the words "excepting feeders and bindery girls," in the second line.

ARTICLE XIX.-Amend Section 3, to read "all the stereotypers' and electrotypers' unions shall form a stereotypers' and electrotypers' district."

ARTICLE XX.-Amend Section 4, to read all stereo typers' and electrotypers'," for pressmen's," in the ninth line of the provision; also, strike out all after the words "shall be," in the eleventh line, and substitute therefor "Secretary-Treasurer of the German branch."

BY-LAWS.

Strike out Sections 17 and 18 of Article V.
GENERAL LAWS.

Substitute the word "second" for "third" in the last line of Section 4.

Amend Section 45 by inserting after the words "legal strikes," in the third line, the following: "of subordi

nate or affiliated unions."

Strike out the last three lines of Section 48.

Amend Section 51 by adding the following: "Provided, further, that nothing herein contained shall be construed as preventing affiliated unions from becoming members of said committee or Allied Trades Councils." Strike out Sections 101 and 102.

Amend Section 144 by inserting the words "subordinate or affiliated" before the word "unions" in the last line.

Strike out Section 113.

Strike out Decision 18.

Strike out the word "pressman" in the first line of Decision 77.

INDIANAPOLIS, IND., January 1, 1896.

Two-page slips of the foregoing have been printed and forwarded to the secretaries of all unions subordinate to the International Typographical Union. Additional copies will be mailed upon application to the SecretaryTreasurer.

Addresses Wanted.

W. H. Code and William Frederick, send addresses to this office and get mail.

George Louke, send address to J. F. Comingore, 1205 Market street, Logansport, Ind., and get mail.

W. H. Walz, of Hot Springs, Ark., wants the address of a printer by the name of "Fisher," to work for him, or become a partner.

If John William Bamforth will communicate with F. A. Hill, Post Dispatch, St. Louis, Mo., he will learn something to his advantage.

There was killed near Bolivar, Tenn., on January 17, 1896, a printer carrying papers upon which appeared the names of Harvey Lee, 615 N. Adams street, Marion, Ind., and Miss Ollie Frazee, 3115 Rhode avenue, Chicago, Ill. Information regarding this man is desired by this office. Has any one issued him a card recently? James B. Baylis, formerly of Yonkers, N. Y., please send address to John Chambers, Glens Falls, N. Y.

Ed Sharpe, Jr., formerly of Carrollton, Ga., or any one knowing him or his address, kindly write Hamilton H. Sharpe, 103 N. Second street, St. Louis, Mo.

State of Trade.

Aspen, Colo.-Two small daily offices; the Times has had machines for over three months; the Tribune, to compete, is talking of getting machines, which would reduce the active membership nearly one-half.

Binghamton, N. Y.-Business is very dull since the holidays; a number of idle men in town.

Fort Wayne, Ind.-State of trade fair; Gazette is making preparations for putting in two machines. The two German offices, Freie Presse and Staats Zeitung, have been unionized.

Gloversville, N. Y.-Business is fairly good; all hands barely able to find work since machines arrived.

Lima, Ohio.-Business dull; several idle men in town.

Logansport, Ind.-Trade badly demoralized since the holidays.

London, Ont.-Trade is dull; not much sign of improvement.

Meadville, Pa.-Job work has got a spurt on; newspaper work, about same year round; fair. Milwaukee, Wis.-All newspapers, German and English, except the Daily News, are set on machines, and job and book offices have com

menced to introduce them. Business fair, but not for men looking for work.

Nashville, Tenn.-Business is good.
New Brunswick, N. J.-Trade is good.
Norwich, Conn.-Business is fair.

Ottawa, Ill.-Trade is quiet since the first of the year; all regulars are working.

Pueblo, Colo.-State of trade fair, but there are plenty of men here to do the work. The new city directory for 1896, under the able management of one of our boys, Mr. N. H. Bowman, will soon be ready for the printers and will be printed from the machine type.

Riverside, Cal.-A country weekly has consolidated with a local sporting magazine and an improved weekly publication will be the result. Job offices are doing a good business, and the two dailies are holding their own. The outlook, from a printer's standpoint, is better than for some time. Plenty of home men for the work, however.

Sioux Falls, S. D.-Trade very quiet. Waco, Tex.- Business is only fair. Watertown, N. Y.-Business is dull, more than enough men to supply the demand.

Miscellaneous.

Card No. 52373, dated January 20, 1896, issued by Toledo, Typographical Union No. 63, to R. J. McQuillan, has been lost and duplicate issued. Secretary will please take up original and return to Mason Warner, box 17, Toledo, O.

Traveling card issued to E. B. Clifton by Twin City Union No. 107, has been lost and duplicate issued. If original is found please return to Fred Pierce, 1118 Fourth avenue, Moline, Ill.

Applications for Membership.

11, Memphis, Tenn.-Thos. L. Bettersworth, learned his trade and worked in different towns in Mississippi; went to St. Louis to join union in 1888, but had to return home before application was acted on.

20, Nashville, Tenn.-S. W. Sewell, learned trade in Nashville; W. A. Barbour, learned trade in Gallatin, Tenn.; Almer Crim, learned trade in Waverly, Tenn.

34, Columbia, S. C.-C. M. Mercock, five years, learned trade at Thomaston, Ga.

47, New Haven, Conn.-Philip Crampton. 63, Toledo, Ohio.-Frank M. Robbins, age 33 years, worked fifteen years in New York city, formerly had a card, but allowed it to lapse in 1893, has a letter from No. 6 saying that union