revenue is obtained from them; but the exact figures can be obtained from the International secretary-treasurer upon request. The average increase of revenue amounts to $2,086.62, derived from per capita, reinstatement and application fees, sale of supplies, JOURNAL Subscriptions, interest on bank deposits, etc.

How much improvement there has been in International finances since February, 1910, may be graphically illustrated by comparison of two average monthly budgets. Table No. 4 shows the average monthly budget for the ten months previous to and including February, 1910:

Our pension fund is assuming "alarming" proportions; I used the word "alarming" advisedly, because the present growth of this fund occasions two sorts of danger, that a convention may (1) increase the amount of the pension or let down the restrictions so that the number of pensioners will be increased by a new class of beneficiaries, or (2) reduce the revenue.

cent.

In my previous article I called attention to "safe and sane" financing of the Printers Home. At that time the balance credited to the corporation was $12,637.46; in November the Home fund showed a balance of $28,549.88, an increase for nine months of $15,912.42, or more than 125 per In the nine months balances of receipts over expenses have been: March, $376.41; April, $1,479.27; May, $2,771.30; June, $2,265.76; July, $1,859.77; August, $1,924.69; September, $2,522.22; October, $726.21; November, $1,986.79; an average balance of $1,768.05 per month. Extensive improvements are entirely paid for, the Home was never more useful, comfortable or beautiful; its relief never more genuinely charitable.

In conclusion, I renew my statement that the International Typographical Union membership has good reason for a most optimistic view of the finan cial condition of the organization. In a period when the union is making progress faster than at any time in its previous history, when its militant strength, its firm grasp upon trade conditions, the wholesome relations which it maintains with employers and its success in securing by peaceful negotiation splendid wages and excellent working conditions maintain it in first place among American unions and excite the admiration of the leaders and members of similar organizations, it is actually supplementing an increased revenue by a saving in net expense accounts. Its splendid array of benefits are not only safely financed, but actually funded far in excess of present needs. Let us hope that success may not drive it to extravagance, that conventions and officers will be as discreet and careful in expenditures as if deficits instead of balances prevailed; but at the same time may caution never deter from undertakings whose farreaching consequences promote improvement. A splendid demonstration of faith of the proper sort was that which at the Hot Springs convention, with the eight-hour battle still on, resulted in the institution of supplemental trade education and the pension. We must not rest while there is work to do; and in the field of labor agitation there is always work for willing hands. Let carping critic join with enthusiast and boom the prosperity of the International Typographical Union. Providence, R. I.

CHARLES CARROLL.

ON January 2 another increase in the book and job scale of Providence Union No. 33 went into effect. The minimum scale for that branch is now $17 per week.

Он, what men dare do, what men may do, what men daily do not knowing what they do!-Shake

speare.

[This department is conducted by the International Commission on Supplemental Education. Inquiries regarding the International Typographical Union Course in Printing and the work of the commission should be addressed to the International Typographical Union Commission, 120-130 Sherman street, Chicago, Ill.]

FORMER "STRAIGHT-MATTER" MAN SUCCESSFULLY

DEFENDS HIS WORK.

Discriminating persons who buy printing complain that, while a job may be pleasing, it is mechanical and is nearly always marred by at least one defect from an artistic standpoint. Wherever this is true it is the result of ignorance of certain simple art principles. If the compositor were informed in that particular his typography would not only defy the criticisms of the artist, but produce Some better typographic results than his critic. may regard that as a bold statement, but the typographic knowledge which the compositor possesses, and which the artist does not, counts for a great deal in the production of printing. Knowing the principles of design, the artist can criticize intelligently; not knowing them, the compositor is unable to defend his productions. It can not be repeated too frequently that this lack has had something to do with the generally accepted notion among large buyers of printing that if you want a job well done you will have to show the printer how to do it. Of course, much of that is the guff of ad craftsmen and commercial artists, who are notoriously prone to boosting their own game at the expense of all and sundry. Then there is the multitude who must have something to say whenever they spend money, and who do much toward slandering the craft in their way.

An I. T. U. student in New York state had an experience which at once exemplifies the benefit of a little knowledge and the "fussiness" of some buyers of printing. The job was a four-page circular, on the first page of which was one line. The student says: "If I had not taken Lesson II, I probably would have put the line in nearly the center of the page. As it was, I placed the line where a line would be drawn if dividing the page into proportions of three to five."

The customer wanted the line centered, but the compositor objected, saying it was now at the center of attraction. The incidental conversation rather floored the customer, who happened to be acquainted with an art instructor and referred the question to that personage. The reply was that the printer was right and the line occupied the correct position on the page.

Here is one purchaser of printing who will al

ways have more respect for this practical compositor-will agree that he is an expert and knows his business.

On the other hand, we have a student 54 years old who says he is a straight-matter man, with a little ad and job work experience. And yet this man scored in a controversy with a finicky customer who is doubtless something of an esthete. Any number of printers who have won their spurs as good display and job men would not be able to present a defense of their absolutely correct work, as did this man with little ad and job work experience.

THEY ARE TALKING ABOUT US.

There could be no stronger proof of the efficiency of the I. T. U. Course than this-that as every student finishes the lessons he speaks in This terms of the highest praise of the course. comment from a 32-year-old student is typical of these expressions:

IS WORTH $100.

I am enclosing you herewith the thirty-seventh lesson in the I. T. U. Course in Printing, and wish to say that the lessons have been very helpful to me. The course is certainly an eye-opener to things typographical. When I enrolled as a student I thought I knew a few things about printing, but have found out since completing the course that I was mistaken; that unless one understands the principles that underlie the art he can not hope to rise above the average. While it is true that .some compositors can follow in the footsteps, of others and produce good work, they do not as a rule know why they do it. They can not defend their work. It looks all right to them, and therefore it must be the correct thing. Before taking the course I used to set up jobs that looked to be about right to me, and then there were others that didn't look right-but why, couldn't say. My work for the past two years has been mostly on the stone, but sometimes I am called on to do composition, and when I do undertake to set a job I can go about it with some degree of self-satisfaction, as I don't have to use the guess method of doing the work. The course as it exists at present would be hard to improve upon, as about everything is pretty thoroughly covered, and the price is certainly maintained at a low figure for the information obtained. One hundred dollars would be about the price that should be charged for it. Too much credit can not be given the instructors in this twentieth century correspondence course for their uniform courtesy and helpfulness at all times. The International Typographical Union should feel proud of this branch of its many endeavors.

CHANCE OF A LIFETIME.

A Philadelphian who has passed the half-century milestone says this:

The man working at the printing business who is between 25 and 50 years of age that doesn't take up the I. T. U. Course is missing the chance of his life. The instruction is so plain that any one can understand; when the criticism of a lesson

reaches the student any doubt as to "why" he should have made one line shorter or longer is removed; when he reaches nine or ten lessons he about knows "how."

PRACTICAL AND A GILT-EDGED INVESTMENT.

A Kansas City (Kan.) apprentice found the course so valuable that it raised his wages $5 a week in a year. Listen to him tell about it:

The course is of inestimable value to me. Everything taught is so practical that it can be used by one in all classes of work, from an envelop corner card to designing and executing a catalog in colors. It is a sure cure for that vague, uneasy feeling when setting ads or display work. As an investment, it certainly pays. have finished the course and get $5 more per week than I did a year ago.

Beginning with the first week of the fifth year every apprentice shall pay to the secretary-treasurer of the Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 the sum of $1 per week for a period of forty weeks, $15 of which shall be his initiation fee. The remaining $25 shall be applied to the purchase of a course in the International Typographical Union Commission. At the expiration of the fifteenth week of the fifth year, the apprentice, having made due payments as above, shall be entitled to and shall immediately enter upon such course of study and prosecute the same to conclusion to the satisfaction of the secretary-treasurer and of his employer.

TO PRINT IN I. T. U. WAY.

Ira Leon Evans, of Concord, N. H., has started in business. In making the announcement in a local item the Patriot says, among other things: "He has received a diploma in the Course of Instruction in Printing lately offered by the International Typographical Union, with an exceedingly good average to his credit." This is an indication that in Concord, at least, printing will be done "the I. T. U. way."

FRAUDULENT CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS.

Some correspondence schools are reported as getting into trouble with the postoffice department for alleged fraudulent use of the mails. Doubtless there is much that is shady done under the guise of giving instruction by correspondence, and prob ably the public is inclined to think there is more fraud in the business than really exists. The feeling of suspicion has retarded the progress of our course, but the membership need have no fear that the postoffice authorities will interfere with the I. T. U. Course for not delivering the goods. have been careful not to make extravagant claims, and every effort has been exhausted in endeavor

We

ing to do more than was promised in the way of helpful instruction. Our students have done the talking for us, and their testimonials are not purchased, but are voluntary expressions.

A PARTNER'S TRIBUTE.

Included in the "Death Roll" of the November number of THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL, which I scarcely ever scan without seeing that some wellknown "oldtimer" has passed to the invisible beyond, his "form" "locked" in the embrace of death only to receive final "justification" on resurrection day, I find this simple announcement:

"Smith, E. G., at Kingman, Ariz., August 27, 1910, of pneumonia, age 57 years."

I had been in daily anticipation of a letter from him, as I had advertised through THE JOURNAL for his address. Of all printers whom I know and have been associated with, the death of none could have saddened me more than that of "Eddie" or "Wheeling" Smith, as he was familiarly known to the craft. I traveled with him at various times and under varied conditions-sometimes in the enjoyment of "phat," but more frequently "lean matter" predominated-and he never exhibited grouch, was ever optimistic, in fact, adversity apparently acted as a stimulus to his cheery disposi tion. He worked with me here, doing job printing for Messrs. Finster & Bell in the Review office, while I was employed on the paper, and he there, as elsewhere, gained and retained the confidence and esteem of his employers and all others with whom he came in contact. Modest and retiring by

a

nature, he made few friends-no enemies. I have no particulars of his sickness and death, but though he may have died among strangers and without means, his International card, which he had tenaciously carried for many years, is assurance of respectable interment without cost to the community in which he died. "Eddie" was born at Point Pleasant, this state, fifty-seven years ago, of Quaker parents, and inherited from them his sterling honesty and quiet disposition. Though he professed no religion, he lived very near to the Golden Rule, and if I have to appear on the final day at the judgment seat to give an accounting of the stewardship of the life given into my temporary keeping, if I could conscientiously look forward to presenting as clear a record as "Wheeling," I would be content.

But so far as this life is concerned for him "30" is in, the last "take" up, the "form locked and gone to press."

RAYMOND CLAY.

Resolutions adopted by Knoxville Typographical Union No. 111:

Whereas, In the death of Raymond Clay, the typographical union has lost a loyal and faithful member, and one who will be missed by all who have known him; be it

Resolved, That we, the members of Knoxville Union No. 111, in regular meeting assembled, tender to the bereaved relatives our heartfelt sympathy in their bereavement; and, be it further

Resolved, That our charter be draped in mourning for thirty days, and that a copy of these resolutions be sent to the sorrowing relatives of our deceased brother, and that the same be spread upon the minutes of the union and published in THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL and the Knoxville daily

papers.

E. LOUISE BRYANT.

Resolutions adopted December 18, 1910, by New Haven Typographical Union No. 47:

Whereas, Miss E. Louise Bryant withdrew from our earthly membership on November 19, 1910, after an association of thirty-four years with the International Typographical Union, and of five years with New Haven Typographical Union No. 47; therefore, be it

Resolved, That in the death of Miss Bryant our organization has suffered the loss of a worthy and beloved member, whose cheerful companionship and encouraging devotion to principle will be long missed and mourned by her fellow-workers; and, be it further

Resolved, That our charter be draped in mourning for the space of thirty days, and that these resolutions be spread upon the records of this union and a copy be furnished to the nearest relatives of the deceased and also to THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL for publication.

FRANK SEAMAN.

The following resolutions were adopted at the December meeting of Knoxville Typographical Union No. 111:

Whereas, It has pleased an all wise Providence to call from this life of toil and sorrow our esteemed fellow-craftsman, Col. Frank Seaman; and,

Whereas, A patriarch in the printing trade has passed away after an active life of seventy-four years, over fifty years of which he was an active member of the International Typographical Union and an honored member of Knoxville Union No. III for about twenty-five years; and,

Whereas, In the death of Colonel Seaman the union has lost a stanch union man-one who has always upheld union principles under all circumstances. We feel deeply his loss and will miss his sound advice in our meetings; and, therefore, be it Resolved, That we hereby extend our deepest sympathy to the bereaved family, and commend them to the One who doeth all things well for comfort and consolation; and, be it further

Resolved, That our charter be draped in mourning for thirty days, and a copy of these resolutions

EDWARD S. WALDSCHAKY

died at the Madison Sanatorium, December 4, having been ill for about one month, at the age of 41 years. Mr. Waldschaky was a hard worker in the organized labor field, not only so far as his own union was concerned, but he was often called upon to appear before various other unions and with his voice assisted materially in furthering the organized labor cause in Madison. He served repeatedly as president of No. 106, and for many years represented his union in the local trades council. Of the latter organization he had been the secretary for several years. Surviving him are his wife and one daughter. E. J. MERGEN.

HENRY SCHAEFFER.

At a special meeting of the Scribner Press chapel, New York city, held November 22, 1910, the following resolutions were adopted:

Whereas, The Supreme Being, in His divine wisdom, has seen fit to remove from our midst our esteemed fellow-workman, Henry Schaeffer; and,

Whereas, In the sad death of Mr. Schaeffer this chapel has sustained the loss of a respected member of eight years' standing, and Typographical Union No. 6 has lost a stanch adherent; and

Whereas, This untimely death has been a severe blow to his sister, depriving her of a beloved brother; therefore, be it

Resolved, That we, the members of the Scribner Press chapel, in meeting assembled, extend to his sister our profound sympathy for the loss of a loving brother; and further, be it

Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of this chapel, and that a copy of same be sent to the bereaved sister; also that they be published in THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL.

FRANK SHERWOOD.

At a meeting of Greenwood Union No. 358, held at Phoenix, B. C., on December 4, 1910, the following resolution was adopted:

Whereas, It has pleased the Almighty God to remove from our midst our brother, Frank Sherwood; therefore, recognizing his sterling qualities as a member of No. 358, we take this opportunity of expressing our confidence and respect for our departed brother; therefore, be it

Resolved, That this local, in meeting assembled, do hereby pass this resolution as a testimonial of our respect; and it is hereby ordered that this resolution be recorded upon the minutes, a copy be sent to THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL, and that a copy be sent to his wife and family with assurance of our deepest sympathy, and our charter be draped for thirty days.

Our departed brother, Frank Sherwood, was found dead in his office at Ferry, Wash., where he filled the position of deputy collector of United States customs. He was well known and highly respected, being a thirty-third degree Mason, a Knight of Pythias and Eagle. He was 50 years of age, and leaves a wife and children to mourn his loss. GILBERT KAY.

T. F. THOMAS.

At a meeting of St. Paul Union No. 30, a preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted by a rising vote as a tribute of respect to the memory of T. F. Thomas, long one of the most valued members, and for a number of years the president of the union. The action of the union was couched in the following terms:

Whereas, The Great and Supreme Ruler of the Universe has in his infinite wisdom removed from among us our worthy and esteemed brother, exPresident T. F. Thomas; and,

Whereas, Our long and intimate relations with him and the faithful discharge of his duties in this union make it eminently fitting that we record our esteem of him as a man and our appreciation of his services; therefore, be it

Resolved, That the removal of such a life from our midst leaves a vacancy and a shadow that will be deeply realized by our members and the friends of St. Paul Typographical Union No. 30, and will prove a serious loss to organized labor;

Resolved, That with deep feeling for the bereaved relatives of our deceased brother, the union

extends to his widow and children its heartfelt sympathy; and, be it further

Resolved, That this preamble and these resolutions be spread upon the records of this union and printed in THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL and the Minnesota Union Advocate; also that a copy be forwarded to the bereaved family.

ALBERT P. DREW.

At a regular meeting of Rochester Union No. 15, the following preample and resolution were unanimously adopted:

"None knew him but to love him,

None named him but to praise."

It has been deemed proper by an all-wise Power to remove from our midst our honored and es teemed comrade, Albert P. Drew, who passed away on October 28, 1910. Mr. Drew was well known among our fraternity, and the above quotation seems applicable in this instance, and we could not amend the saying should we make the endeavor.

The family of our deceased brother well know how dearly his memory is held among his co-workers, and that condolences are extended goes without saying.

Words are inadequate to express our sympathy for those directly interested, and we can only add, he lived until, like a clock worn out with beating time, the weary wheels of life stood still.

Resolved, That our charter be draped for thirty days; that a copy of the same be sent to the bereaved family, and published in THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL.

WILLIAM MAGEE DURST.

Resolutions adopted by Amarillo (Texas) Union No. 525:

Whereas, God in His infinite wisdom, goodness and mercy has seen fit to rob the Daily Panhandle chapel and Amarillo Local No. 525, International Typographical Union, of a valued member and friend through the death of William Magee Durst, which occurred in Amarillo, Texas, Tuesday, November 29; therefore, be it

Resolved, That we, the members of Amarillo Union, as a whole, do hereby express formally a loss keenly felt and deeply deplored, realizing that in the death of this the first member to be called from our midst since organization, the calling away of one who was of great value to us individually and collectively; and, be it further

Resolved, That our departed friend and brother contributed those qualities in his life that made our burdens lighter and our journeys brighter along life's pathway. We shall miss him as one who was sincerely our friend and brother, despite the fact that his stay with us was for only one year, during which time he had proved himself worthy of our confidence and esteem; and, be it finally

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of Amarillo Union, sent to surviving relatives and also to THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL.

WILLIAM J. MOORE.

Testimonial adopted by Chattanooga Typographical Union No. 89, November 6, 1910:

William J. Moore died September 23, 1910, age 63 years. A simple announcement, incident to all communities, and yet just such chronicles sometimes are fraught with great loss to that particular sphere in which the deceased lived, moved, and had his being. So it was in the death of William J. Moore, for Chattanooga Typographical Union No. 89 sustained a loss in every fiber of its organization, one that tolled the knell of a true disciple of unionism. In the strenuous periods of No. 89's history, when it stood in need of loyal