to make a Convention on this subject and have appointed for their Plenipotentiaries, namely:

The President of the United States of America, Henry Shelton Sanford, a citizen of the United States, Their Minister Resident near His Majesty the King of the Belgians; and

His Majesty the King of the Belgians, the Sieur Jules Vander Stichelen, Grand Cross of the Order of the Dutch Lion, &c., &c., &c., His Minister of Foreign Affairs,

who after having communicated to each other their full powers found to be in good and proper form, have agreed upon the following

articles:

ARTICLE 1.

Citizens of the United States who may or shall have been naturalized in Belgium will be considered by the United States as citizens of Belgium;

Reciprocally, Belgians who may or who shall have been naturalized in the United States will be considered by Belgium as citizens of the United States.

ARTICLE 2.

Citizens of either contracting party in case of their return to their original country can be prosecuted there for crimes or misdemeanors committed before naturalization, saving to them such limitations as are established by the laws of their original country.

ARTICLE 3.

Naturalized citizens of either contracting party who shall have resided five years in the country which has naturalized them, cannot be held to the obligation of military service in their original country or to incidental obligation resulting therefrom in the event of their return to it, except in cases of desertion from organized and embodied military or naval service or those that may be assimilated thereto by the laws of that country.

ARTICLE 4.

Citizens of the United States naturalized in Belgium shall be considered by Belgium as citizens of the United States when they shall have recovered their character as citizens of the United States according to the laws of the United States.

Reciprocally, Belgians naturalized in the United States shall be considered as Belgians by the United States when they shall have recovered their character as Belgians according to the laws of Belgium.

ARTICLE 5.

The present Convention shall enter into execution immediately after the exchange of ratifications, and shall remain in force for ten years. If, at the expiration of that period, neither of the contracting parties shall have given notice six months in advance of its intention to terminate the same, it shall continue in force until the end of twelve months after one of the contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention.

ARTICLE 6.

The present Convention shall be ratified by the President of the United States by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and by His Majesty the King of the Belgians with the consent of Parliament and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Brussels within twelve months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible.

In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same and affixed thereto their seals.

Made in duplicate at Brussels the sixteenth of November, one thousand eight hundred and sixty eight.

[SEAL.]

SEAL.

H. S. SANFORD

JULES VANDER STICHELEN

1868.

CONSULAR CONVENTION.

Concluded December 5, 1868; ratification advised by the Senate April 12, 1869; ratified by the President April 18, 1869; ratifications exchanged July 8, 1869; proclaimed March 7, 1870. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 68.)

This treaty, which contained sixteen articles, was terminated January 1, 1880, on notice given by the Belgian Government. See page 53.

Federal case: In re Wildenhus, 28 Fed. Rep., 924.

1868.

TRADE-MARK CONVENTION.

Concluded December 20, 1868; ratification advised by the Senate April 12, 1869; ratified by the President April 18, 1869; ratifications exchanged June 19, 1869; proclaimed July 30, 1869. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 72.)

This was an additional article to the treaty of 1858, and terminated with it July 1, 1875 See page 75.

1874.

EXTRADITION CONVENTION.

Concluded March 19, 1874; ratifications advised by the Senate March 27, 1874; ratified by the President March 31, 1874: ratifications exchanged April 30, 1874; proclaimed May 1, 1874. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 73.)

This treaty contained eight articles, and was terminated November 18, 1882, on the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of 1882. page 80.

See

Federal cases: Ex parte Van Hoven, 4 Dill.; 411, In re Stupp, 12 Blatch., 501; In re Vandervelpen, 14 Blatch., 137.

1875.

TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION.

Concluded March 8, 1875; ratification advised by the Senate March 10, 1875; ratified by the President March 16, 1875; ratifications exchanged June 11, 1875; proclaimed June 29, 1875. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 76.)

The United States of America on the one part, and his Majesty the King of the Belgians on the other part, wishing to regulate in a formal manner their reciprocal relations of commerce and navigation, and further to strengthen, through the development of their interests, respectively, the bonds of friendship and good understanding so happily established between the Governments and people of the two countries; and desiring with this view to conclude, by common agreement, a treaty establishing conditions equally advantageous to the commerce and navigation of both States, have to that effect appointed as their plenipotentiaries, namely: The President of the United States, Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State of the United States, and his Majesty the King of the Belgians Maurice Delfosse, Commander of the Order of Leopold, &c., &c., his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in the United States, who, after having communicated to each other their full powers ascertained to be in good and proper form have agreed to and concluded the following articles:

ARTICLE I.

There shall be full and entire freedom of commerce and navigation between the inhabitants of the two countries, and the same security and protection which is enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of each country shall be guaranteed on both sides. The said inhabitants, whether established or temporarily residing within any ports, cities, or places whatever of the two countries, shall not, on account of their commerce or industry, pay any other or higher duties, taxes, or imposts than those which shall be levied on citizens or subjects of the country in which they may be; and the privileges, immunities, and other favors, with regard to commerce or industry, enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of one of the two States, shall be common to those of the other.

ARTICLE II.

Belgian vessels, whether coming from a Belgian or a foreign port. shall not pay, either on entering or leaving the ports of the United States, whatever may be their destination, any other or higher duties

of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, buoys, light-houses, clearance, brokerage, or generally other charges whatsoever, than are required from vessels of the United States in similar cases. This provision extends, not only to duties levied for the benefit of the State, but also to those levied for the benefit of provinces, cities, countries, districts, townships, corporations, or any other division or jurisdiction, whatever may be its designation.

ARTICLE III.

Reciprocally, vessels of the United States, whether coming from a port of said States or from a foreign port, shall not pay, either on entering or leaving the ports of Belgium, whatever may be their destination, any other or higher duties of tonnage, pilotage, anchorage, buoys, light-houses, clearance, brokerage, or generally other charges whatever, than are required from Belgian vessels, in similar cases. This provision extends not only to duties levied for the benefit of the State, but also to those levied for the benefit of provinces, cities, countries, districts, townships, corporations, or any other division or jurisdiction, whatever may be its designation.

ARTICLE IV.

As regards the coasting trade between the ports of either country, the vessels of the two nations shall be treated on both sides on the same footing with the vessels of the most favored nations.

ARTICLE V.

Objects of any kind soever introduced into the ports of either of the two States under the flag of the other, whatever may be their origin and from what country soever the importation thereof may have been made, shall not pay other or higher entrance duties, nor shall be subjected to other charges or restrictions than they would pay, or be subjected to, were they imported under the national flag.

ARTICLE VI.

Articles of every description exported by Belgian vessels, or by those of the United States of America from the ports of either country to any country whatsoever, shall be subjected to no other duties or formalities than such as are required for exportation under the flag of the country where the shipment is made.

ARTICLE VII.

All premiums, drawbacks, or other favors of like nature, which may be allowed in the States of either of the contracting parties upon goods imported or exported in national vessels, shall be likewise and in the same manner, allowed upon goods imported directly from one of the two countries by its vessels into the other, or exported from one of the two countries by the vessels of the other to any destination whatsoever.

ARTICLE VIII.

The preceding article is, however, not to apply to the importation of the produce of the national fisheries; each of the two parties reserving to itself the faculty of granting special privileges for the importation of those articles under its own flag.

ARTICLE IX.

The high contracting parties agree to consider and to treat as Belgian vessels, and as vessels of the United States, all those which being provided by the competent authority with a passport, sea letter, or any other sufficient document, shall be recognized, conformably with existing laws, as national vessels in the country to which they respectively belong.

ARTICLE X.

Belgian vessels and those of the United States may, conformably with the laws of the two countries, retain on board, in the ports of both, such parts of their cargoes as may be destined for a foreign country; and such parts shall not be subjected, either while they remain on board or upon re-exportation, to any charges whatsoever, other than those for the prevention of smuggling.

ARTICLE XI.

During the period allowed by the laws of the two countries respectively for the warehousing of goods, no duties, other than those of watch and storage, shall be levied upon articles brought from either country into the other while awaiting transit, re-exportation, or entry for consumption. Such goods shall in no case be subject to higher warehouse charges, or to other formalities, than if they had been imported under the flag of the country.

ARTICLE XII.

In all that relates to duties of customs and navigation, the two high contracting parties promise, reciprocally, not to grant any favor, privilege, or immunity to any other State which shall not instantly become common to the citizens and subjects of both parties respectively; gratuitously, if the concession or favor to such other State is gratuitous, and on allowing the same compensation, or its equivalent, if the concession is conditional.

Neither of the contracting parties shall lay upon goods proceeding from the soil or the industry of the other party, which may be imported into its ports, any other or higher duties of importation or re-exportation than are laid upon the importation or re-exportation of similar goods coming from any other foreign country.

In case either of the high contracting parties shall announce to the other its desire to terminate this Article, the operation and the obligation thereof shall cease and determine at the expiration of one year from the delivery of such notice, leaving however the remaining Articles of the Treaty in force until terminated according to the provisions of Article XVI hereinafter.