T TO THE OWNER OF THIS YEAR-BOOK HE Britannica Year-Book has for its province the temporary aspects of the world's life. It affords information that holds for the current phases of things. The Encyclopædia Britannica (Eleventh Edition) deals with the vastly wider realm of knowledge and information that has withstood the test of time. It supplies the basis on which the new information, the new developments, the substantial progress of the present year must rest, that great account to which the new acquisitions are but small additions in the sum total of the things men know and by which their actions in the present are inevitably guided. A description of the new Encyclopædia Britannica is printed as an advertisement at the back of the Year-Book What the Britannica Year-Book does for the limited section of knowledge affected by a year's changes the Encyclopædia Britannica does for the whole vast range of human thought and achievement throughout all history. The 29 volumes of the Encyclopædia are indispensable as an interpretation and survey of the vast masses of facts lying behind the events of the day to which the new information contained in the Year-Book must necessarily continually refer, because all history, all development, is continuous, and a fact that comes into prominence to-day, a new step in the evolution of knowledge, cannot be isolated from the facts that went before and are a part of the heritage from the preceding age. These two books, products of the modern spirit of efficiency, the Britannica Year-Book and the Encyclopædia Britannica, spring from a common impulse and are part of a single plan, executed by the same international organization of authorities. They attain their greatest usefulness when serving together, each as the complement, or companion, to the other, and it is especially the YearBook reader who by his tastes and requirements will best appreciate the invaluable services which the Encyclopædia Britannica can render and whose need for this work is most pressing. SEND FOR THE 160-PAGE PROSPECTUS No advertisement and no mere pamphlet are adequate to describe this wonderful new work. We have therefore had to prepare a book about it of 250,000 words, with many illustrations and specimen pages on India paper. It costs us more than fifty cents a copy to print and mail. You should examine this prospectus describing the most notable literary undertaking of the age. It will be sent you, by mail, without any obligation to you, together with full particulars of prices, payments, bindings, bookcases, etc. The Encyclopaedia Britannica 120 WEST 32nd STREET, NEW YORK THE BRITANNICA YEAR-BOOK 1913 A SURVEY OF THE WORLD'S PROGRESS SINCE THE BRITANNICA, ELEVENTH EDITION COMPRISING A REGISTER AND REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS AND ADDITIONS UP TO THE END OF 1912 EDITED BY HUGH CHISHOLM,, M.A., OXON, THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA COMPANY, LIMITED LONDON THE ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA COMPANY NEW YORK 1913 Diary of Events in 1911 and 1912 PART I. INTERNATIONAL AND GENERAL:- SECTION I. POLITICS AND ECONOMICS:- "Special International Affairs and Events" (The Morocco Crisis of 1911; Italy and Tripoli; The Balkan Crisis of 1912; China, Mongolia, & Tibet; The Panama Canal Controversy; England's withdrawal from the Sugar Convention; The Titanic Disaster; General Booth; The Rise of Syndicalism): by THE EDITOR "The Turco-Italian War": by MAJOR H. H. WADE, R.A., editor of the English official Army Review and Journal of the Royal United Service Institute . "The Balkan War": by MAJOR H. H. WADE, R.A. (ut supra) "The World's Navies": by GERARD FIENNES, Member of Executive Committee of the English Navy League, naval critic to the Pall Mall Gazette and Observer, author of The Ocean Empire, its dangers & defences "International Law & Peace": by SIR THOMAS BARCLAY, Ph.D., LL.B., Member of the Institute of International Law, Vice-President of the International Law Association, author of Problems of International Practice and Diplomacy "International Finance": by SIR GEORGE PAISH, editor of The Statist, author of Railways of Great Britain, Railroads of the United States, Investments in other "The Extension of Telegraphic Communication": by CHARLES BRIGHT, F.R.S.E., M.Inst.C.E., M.I.E.E., consulting engineer to the Commonwealth of Australia, author of Submarine Telegraphs, Underground Cables, Imperial Telegraphic "Woman's Suffrage": by MRS. W. L. COURTNEY (Janet E. Hogarth), formerly Superintendent of Women Clerks in the Bank of England, 1894-1906, and “ stronomy”: by Professor Herbert HalL TURNER, D.Sc., F.R.S., Savilian Professor of Astronomy, Oxford, President of Royal Astronomical Society, 1903-04, author of Modern Astronomy, Astronomical Discovery, etc. "Geography and Exploration": by O. J. R. HOWARTH, M.A., assistant-secretary of the British Association, Geographical Scholar, Oxford, 1901 "Geology": by FREDERICK WILLIAM RUDLER, I.S.O., F.G.S., Curator & Libra- "Physics": by EDMUND EDWARD FOURNIER D'ALBE, B.Sc., A.R.C.Sc., member of the Royal Irish Academy, assistant lecturer on Physics at Birmingham Uni- versity, inventor of the Optophone and improved Phonoscope, author of The Electron Theory, Wonders of Physical Science, etc. "Chemistry": by JAMES C. PHILIP, M.A., Ph.D., D.Sc., assistant professor of Chemistry in the Imperial College of Science, South Kensington, author of Romance of Modern Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, etc. "Biology and Zoology": by PETER CHALMERS MITCHELL, D.Sc., F.R.S., F.Z.S., secretary to the Zoological Society of London, examiner in Biology to the Royal College of Physicians, 1892-96, 1901-03, examiner in Zoology to the University of London, 1903, author of Outlines of Biology, etc. "Botany": by J. B. FARMER, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., Professor of Botany, Royal |