water getting short, and being well satisfied that a Laugharne,he verbally informed me "that his officers plan had been organized by them for rising on the preferred remaining with him, and sharing his fate, ship in the event of an engagement; I conceived it and as he was confident some of his ship's company to be the interest of my country to get clear of them were much prejudiced against him, he did not wish as speedily as possible, particularly as I was well as-them to go to Newfoundland, until he could be presured that immediately on their arrival in St. John's, sent to appear in his own justification, before they an equal number of my countrymen would be releas- could have an opportunity of injuring his honor and ed and find a sure and immediate conveyance. I, reputation as an officer, both of which he held as intherefore, drew up written stipulations correspond-estimable, and as a court-martial could not take ing with the accompanying letters; threw all the place in his absence." He then wrote me the followguns of the Alert overboard; withdrew from her all ing letter: the men belonging to the Essex; appointed lieut. J. P. Wilmer to command her as a cartel, put all my prisoners on board her, and dispatched her for St. Johns, in Newfoundland, with orders to proceed from thence to New-York, with such Americans as he may receive in exchange. tion. August 18, 1812. SIR-I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of this day's date, offering an arrangement for the officers and crew of his majesty's late sloop Alert. In answer thereto, I beg leave to inform you that I At a more suitable opportunity I shall do myself accept and agree to the first, second and third artithe honor to lay before you copies of every paper re-cles, but permit me to mention my objection to the lative to this transaction, and sincerely hope that my last, as it seems by your requiring me to remain as conduct in this affair may meet with your approba-an hostage for the performance of the preceding ones, to cast (though I am willing to believe unintentionalAs the Essex has been so annoying about Bermu-ly) an indirect suspicion on the faith of the British goda, Nova Scotw and Newfoundland, I expect I shall vernment, so universally known for its fulfilment have to run the gauntlet through their cruisers; you of every compact entered into by its public servants. may, however, rest assured, that all a ship of her By your allowing me to accompany my ship's size can do shall be done, and whatever may be our company and officers, I will pledge to you mine honfate, our country shall never blush for us. or to see the articles of our release fully complied I have the honor, &c. with on our arrival in a British port. (Signed) Hon. PAUL HAMILTON, D. PORTER. Secretary of the Navy, Washington. Should you object to this, my officers prefer remaining with me till we are regularly exchanged. I have the honor to be, &c. [The following are the papers accompanying the preceding, viz. my two letters to captain Laugharne, | with his answer, verbal and written, to the first; a Capt. copy of the passport given to lieut. Wilmer, and a copy of captain Laugharne's certificate, certifying to the number of prisoners put on board the cartel Alert.] (Signed) T. L. P. LAUGHARNE, late commander of H. M's sloop Alert. August 18, 1812. SIR-In reply to one paragraph in your letter in answer to the terms offered by me I shall observe that, August 18, 1812. having on two former instances permitted cartels to SIR-An arrangement has suggested itself to me, proceed to British ports without reserving hostages, which, in my opinion, is calculated to advance the I have sufficiently evinced that I entertained the interest of the United States as well as that of his highest confidence in the honor and faith of the BriBritannic majesty, and if acceded to by you, shall be tish government as respects the fulfilment of comimmediately put in execution: should you object to pacts entered into by their officers; nor should I the terms, they will not, after this, be repeated, and have proposed the last article in this instance were the treatment usual to prisoners of war, will in fu- it not that I felt a necessity for holding some pledge ture be observed towards your crew. as a justification of my conduct to my own govern Art. 1. The Alert to be deprived of all her arma- ment for the unlimited confidence I have reposed: ment, and to proceed under charge of an officer of For the reasons (however) that you have stated I am this ship, as a cartel to such British port as you may willing to yield that condition; and you may consider deem most advisable, and to take your officers and yourself at liberty to proceed with your officers and crew, together with the British captains and mates crew, and on the same terms. of merchant vessels, with their crews, now prisoners on board this ship. (Signed) I have the honor, &c. CAPT. T. L. P. LAUGHARNE, D. PORTER. Art. 2. The officers to go on parole of honor, not to serve against the United States of America during the existing war, until regularly exchanged. The captains and mates of merchant vessels, and their crews, as well as the petty officers, seamen, &c. and a list of the prisoners.] marines, landsmen and boys, composing your crew, to be exchanged immediately on their arrival in a British port, for an equal number of equal grades of American prisoners, and are not to serve against the United States until the exchange takes place. Art. 3. The swords of the officers to be returned sloop of war Alert-Present. [Here follow copies of the agreement, passport, to them. At sea, September 1, 1812. SIR-On the afternoon of the 30th August, in latitude 36 N. longitude 62, W. discovered one of the enemy's frigates standing towards us under a press of sail, apparently with an intention of speaking us. faithfuled for action; apprehensive that he might not hind Stood for him under easy sail, with the ship prepar us in the night, I hoisted a light. At 9, he made a signal, consisting of two flashes and one blue light, apparently about four miles distance froin us. I conCapt. T. L. P. LAUGĦARNE, late tinued to stand on for the point where they were seen commander of H. B. M's sloop of war Alert-prest.until midnight, when not getting sight of the neAfter delivering the preceding letter to captain my, I concluded that it would be best to heave to for Art. 4. You to remain as a pledge for the falfilment of the foregoing articles. I have the honor to be, &c. (Signed) D. PORTER. THE WEEKLY REGISTER-EVENTS OF THE WAR. bim until day light, presuming that he had done the forf St. Augustine in time to fall in with them, but I have the honor to be, with great respect, your by the Essex may be considered a sufficient apology Hon. PAUL HAMILTON, Secretary of the Navy, which made all sail in chase of us. for departing from the letter of your instructions. It is much to be regretted that I had not with me I have the honor to be, with great respect, &c. At sea, Sept. 6, 1812. SIR-On the 4th inst. off the Tail of St. George's Bank, I discovered two ships of war to the southward, and a brig to the northward-the brig in chase of an American merchant ship, and I have not the slightest doubt of their being enemies-gave chase to the brig, which attempted to get past us to join the rest of the squadron; this we prevented and compelled her to stand to the northward; continued in chase until we got abreast the American ship, when we gave over chase as the wind was getting light and the brig leaving us with her sweeps out. On It is stated in a Philadelphia paper that captain shewing our colors to the American ship, several signal guns were fired by the ships to the southward, Hull, in consequence of the decease of his brother, At 4 P. M. they has requested permission to remain on shore a short had gained our wake and had come up with us very time to settle his affairs. He is succeeded in the comfast. Calculating on making my escape by some ma-mand of the Constitution ad interim, by captain nœuvre in the course of the night,I hoisted American We learn that several vessels of war were about to colors and fired a gun to windward; the ships still continuing to gain on us, and the largest being con- leave England for the American station and coast.An offi siderably to windward of the other and about 5 Admiral North West will, however, prevent them miles astern of us, bearing S. by W. I determined to from remaining long with us, this season. heave about as soon as it grew dark, and in the event cial account of our declaration of war reached Lonof our not being able to pass him, to fire a broadside don the 29th of July. An embargo on American vessels was laid in Enperson into him and lay bim on board. With this view, made every arrangement and preparation, the crew in high gland on the 31st of August. A certain spirits, and gave three cheers when the plan was pro-ed Samuel Pierce, of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, has At 20 minutes after 7, hove about left his family, went to Halifax, obtained a commisposed to them. sion, and is now cruising off the eastern coast as and stood S. E. by S. (the wind heading us off the moment we hove in stays) until 30 minutes after 8, commander of a British privateer. He has capwhen we bore away S. W. without seeing any thing tured the ship Factor of Providence, R. I. We hope more of them, which seems the more extraordinary to have a better account of captain Pierce before as a pistol was fired by accident on board this ship at the moment when we must have been at our shortest Bainbridge. long. nam One hundred and fifty batteaux, constructed by distance from them. Finding my self thus cut off order of government, are chiefly finished, on lake from New-York and Rhode-Island, I made the best of Champlain. They are 37 feet long, 8 broad and will carry fifty men. Five merchant vessels have also my way for the Delaware. Considering this escape as a very extraordinary been purchased, which will be immediately armed one, I have the honor to enclose you a sketch of the to preserve the command of the lake. A considerposition of the ships at three different periods, by able number of ship carpenters have also left Newwhich you will perceive at once the plan of effect-York for the shores of lakes Erie and Ontario, to build by contract several vessels for the United States ing it. I have the honor to be, with great respect, your service. D. PORTER. obedient servant, Hon. PAUL HAMILTON, The Dromo, which captured the Guayana of 8 guns and 15 men, (see no. 158) is only of 27 tons burthen, with gun a six pounder, and 28 men. Licut. Crane, with the crew of the late U. S. brig Mouth of the Delaware, Sept. 7, 1812. S-In pursuance of your orders of the 24th June, Nautilus, six of the men excepted, has arrived at The fact I sailed from Sandy Hook on the 3d July, shaping Boston in a cartel from Halifax. These six, charged my course to the southward; in the lat. of 30, 52, N. with. being British subjects, were put in irons, to be long. 65, 16, W. I captured the brig Lamprey, 21 sent to England and tried for their lives. days from Jamaica, by her I received certain intelli-being made known to com. Rodgers, he stopped a gence that at the time of her departure the Thetis cartel passing from Boston for Balfx with 120 prifrigte with specie and a large convoy for England soners, and detained twelve of them as hostages for was to sail on or about the 26th of June, and that se-the six Americans. This is as it should be, and the veral ruming ships were also on the point of de-measure will be supported by the government and parture. I consequently made every exertion to get the people; and the tl be made whether our se turalization laws are not as good and valid as the na-jand 14 men on board the Jamaica, and ordered thera turalization laws of the enemy. for the first port in the United States. Both ships Ogdensburg, September 1-On Wednesday last the richly laden with sugar, coffee, rum and logwood, vessels lying in this port, ten in number, sailed for &c. Several of their seamen were wounded, but none the lake. They have for their defence 1 thirty two killed. The prizes have safely arrived. pounder, 3 six pounders, 2 long four pounders and 21 swivels. Several of the troops stationed here volunteered to man the vessels. The Surrender of Detroit. Several vessels from England having British proWe felt it due to truth-to government-to genetections, have been sent into Halifax-the following|ral Hull, and to all persons directly or indirectly conextract of a letter, from that place shews their pre-cerned with the facts or circumstances leading to sent condition-the shameful capitulation at Detroit, to suspend our ·Halifax, September 1, 1812.--" Since mine of the opinion until a sufficiency of light was afforded to 29th August I have had an interview with admiral chase away the doubts and shadows that rested on SAWYER-he informs all the ships having protections the strange transaction. But doubt has resolved from the British government, must remain here itself into certainty-we no longer hesitate to join in without trial until he receives instructions concern-Jopinion with the whole people of the west, "of every ing them from England, and is of opinion they will sect or persuasion, religious or political," that the all be released very soon.” army at Detroit was treacherously surrendered; and that general Brock, instead of general Hull, ought to From the Log-book of the schooner High-Flyer, of have been the prisoner. This idea is powerfully enBaltimore. forced by many private letters from gentlemen of the On the 26th of July, off the Double-headed Shot first respectability in the state of Ohio, who had Keys, at half-past 4 P. M. discovered a sail standing opportunity of knowing the verity and strength of x. and w. gave chase; at 7 P. M. came up with and the opinion advanced; but the detail by colonel Cass boarded the British schooner Harriet, in ballast, from (see page 37) is conclusive—it is besides supported. New-Providence bound to Havanna, carried 3 black by a host of testimony in all the substantial facts it men and 1 boy, two gentlemen and one lady, passen- exposes. gers-put on board captain Taylor as prize-master, These premises admitted, and we cannot perceive and ordered her for the first port in the United how they are to be refuted, imperiously call us to States. The next day the captain of the Harriet watchfulness and vigilance. Gen. Hall went into the informed captain Gavet that there was money con- army with high popularity—so did Arnold; that both cealed on board-we boarded her and found 8,000$ were purchased there is too much reason to believe. in specie-next day, stood through the gulf. On the Who then shall resist the powerful influence of Bri19th August, lat 9, 22, at 6 A. M. discovered a fleet tain ?-Thus, during the revolutionsry war, she atbearing s. s. w. distant 2 leagues; wore ship and tempted to purchase every man worth possessingmade sail, endeavoring to get to the windward, for to every distinguished patriot she offered the accursthe purpose of reconnoitring them--next day at half-ed price of treachery ;-for the truth of this we appast 1 P. M. the frigate from the fleet gave chase to peal to the journal of the old congress, and to the us, steering various courses—at 5 P. ■. dropped him, living testimony of many grey-headed men who instill pursuing the fleet-at 6, saw the fleet bearing dignantly spurned at the ignominious propositions of N.-the next day, (21st) at 5 P. M. wind moderate, the "mother country." It is the favorite means by brought to and boarded British ship Diana, Harvey, which Great Britain fights on the land; and the unone of the Jamaica fleet, bound to Bristol, burthen counted millions of her secret service money, squan353 tons, laden with sugar, rum, coffee, &c. received dered on harlots and rogues, at home and abroad, her crew on board, and sent a prize-master and ten may give an idea of her exertions in this way. A men on board, and ordered for the first port in the great deal has been spent in America, among the naUnited States. At the same time, two other sail in tive white as well as red men. sight; at 6 A. M. bore down on them, fired 3 or 4) Col. Cass's statement will make every honest shot at them, which were returned by both ships-man's blood boil with indignation-it will teach him 22d, at P. M. engaged the two ships at half-gun shot, the absolute necessity of rallying round the standard and after firing on them upwards of 60 shot, breeze of the republic, so meanly and treacherously assailed blowing fresh, not thinking it safe to board them, at attacked at once, by insidious foes within as well. 4 P. M. hauled off-next day at 4 P. M. wind moderat-as from without-savages of various complexions. ing, bore down and engaged the sternmost ship, Urged by this sensibility, the nation has rushed to called the Jamaica, of Liverpool, captain Neill, of 7 arms; and Great Britain and her friends will find guns, 21 men, 365 tons, in co. with the ship Mary too late, that "honesty is the best policy”—for the de-* & Ann, of London, captain Miller, mounting 12 guns, termination of the people to avenge the treachery 16 or 18 men, and 329 tons burthen; when within will prove irresistable. Hull's surrender will drive musket shot, we commenced a brisk fire from our into the field at least 20,000 patriots who might have great guns and musketry, which was returned with viewed the war with comparative indifference, had it great courage and resolution from both ships-the been fairly waged. engagement lasted 20 minutes, when we boarded In the official details (not a word has yet been reand carried the Jamaica, the Mary and Ann striking ceived from gen. Hull) the leading facts are inserther colors at the same time. It is with pleasure we ed-the following incidents are gathered from other state that every man and officer acted with great sources apparently worthy of creditcourage and coolness, but we are sorry to announce, A letter from Lewistown Niagara river saysthat captain Gavett was unfortunately wounded "The British officers that have crossed in a flag, exabout the middle of the engagement by a musket press their astonishment that Hull should have surball which passed through his right arm; also one rendered in a manner so disgraceful to the American ordinary seaman slightly wounded in the cheek. flag. It is also said that it was with the utmost difThe Highflyer received several shot in her sails, gib, ficulty he could be kept from the indignation of his and flying gib-stay shot way, her fore-mast wounded. soldiers who attempted to use violence to his person." Manned both ships; put Mr. Brown (prize-master)| Another letter to a gentleman at Pittsburgh from and 8 men on board the Mary & Ann, and Mr. Grant Ohio, declares, that when some of the American The Spirit of the Nation sificers were complaining of their unfortunate disas-| "we despise the man but ter, gen. Brock saidIs completely aroused by the shameful surrender make use of the traitor." of general Hull. The whole western country is in a When col M'Arthur's sword was demanded he broke flame of patriotic resentment. The back counties it into three pieces, tore his epaulets from his shoul- of Pennsylvania, are making the most honorable exders and stamped them on the ground, and, overcome ertion to redeem the character of our country. Vowith mortification, threw himself upon the erath and lunteer companies, having in their ranks the most wept. His brave spirit will have satisfaction for this distinguished citizens, members of congress, generals, colonels, and other officers of the militia, are outrage upon it. The state of the Canadians, who joined the Ame- rolling to the frontiers, in force sufficient to look rican standard, was dreadful, no provision was made down opposition, if duly supplied with the munitions for them. They were abandoned to the gallows, and of war, for which the most energetic measures have it was expected that 50 or 60 of them would be hung been adopted. An army of 4000 men was collected by the British. One of them, said to be a man of at Urbanna, on the 25th ult. expresses had been sent great wealth and consequence, blew out his brains out in all directions for cannon, &c. and in a few in the streets of Detroit, on being assured of the days, it was expected, that nearly 10,000 men, comsurrender. Other cases of a similar nature are men- pletely equipped, would rendezvous in the frontier towns of Ohio, and immediately march to Detroit, tioned. under the command of Harrison, Winchester and Among the cannon so basely given up were the Payne. We have now no fears for the safety of pabrass pieces so bravely won by Stark at Bennington!triotic Ohio-the merciless Indian, with his more The fact of paying for scalps at six dollars each, cruel principal, will be brushed away by the besom seems clearly established. Col. Elliott our old friend, of destruction. The posts so disgracefully lost, will long famous for his influence with the savages and, be regained, and the flag of the United States float a perhaps the chief cause of all the murders on our second time in Canada before the present month exfrontiers, has given great encouragement to the In-pires. The ways of Providence are inscrutable; apdians to persevere. We trust however that the pow-parent ills are oftentimes real blessings; and the erful forces collected, and collecting, will break up strange conduct of general Hull may lead us the dithis borrible alliance of pretended christians with rect road to success. Our letters from the westward The em-are of the most cheering nature. The people of all virtual devils, brothers in assasination. ployment of these "horrible hell hounds of war" as descriptions have seized their arms; and are deterthe indignant Chatham called them, must be preven- mined to use them to avenge the wrongs of their ted by extermination. Britons found fighting in ho- country. Let them have a leader of honor and canorable combat, we hope will be treated with the pacity, and the downfal of Malden, with the subjuutmost tenderness compatible with the safety of their gation of all Upper Canada, is immediate; the wilpersons; but every one taken by the side of a savage derness, the scene of savage barbarity, shall howl should be put to instant death. Partial evil is some- with the groans of the murderers, in just retributimes general good, and violent diseases demand vi- tion for their crimes. elent remedies. The following paragraphs are extracted from the Abany Register given on the credit of officers in the army of the N. W. The City of Baltimore. The city of Baltimore has, lately, been made so "A private of the Ohio militia was slightly wound- much the subject of animadversion, that, we preed, and taken prisoner by the Indians. He was car- sume, it will not be thought uninteresting to take a ried by them within a few rods of Fort Malden-and slight review of its rise and progress to its present there in presence of the British surrounded by the importance. The first attempts to build a town on Indians, and tortured in the most barbarous manner. the Patapsco, it appears, were made by a few planHe was finally dispatched by a squaw (more merci- ters in the year 1745; but, from whatever cause the ful than the rest) who plunged a tomahawk in his failure proceeded, so little progress had been made brains." in the accomplishment of their design, that twenty "A British officer, with two savages, came up to years thereafter, to wit, in 1765, the number of lieutenant Goodwinn, of the 4th regiment, and wit- houses which had been put up, did not exceed fifty; nessed the exhibition of American Scalps, with all and one brig constituted the whole shipping of the the frantic grimaces of which these sons of Moloch place. ze capable." There is not to be found, perhaps, in the history of "Capt. Fuller of the 4th regiment, while walking any country, certainly not in that of the United on the green skirting the road, to avoid the dust, States, an instance of such rapidity of growth and was accosted by a British major, Sammons, "Tuke improvement, as has been manifested in the city of the middle of the road or I'll hew you down, you d-d Baltimore, during the last thirty years. Yankee rascal." course of that short period, it has been raised from ab"Capt. Snelling, who behaved so valiantly at solute insignificance, to a degree of commercial imTippacanoe, and since, at the engagement near portance, which has brought down upon it, the envy Brownston, was also treated in the most brutal man- and the jealousy of all the great cities of the union. When he applied for permission to speak to In 1790 the population of the town of Baltimore, his lady (with whom he had been connected only a amounted to 13,500 souls, and in 1796 they obtained few days) and render her some attentions-he was an act of incorporation, with such restrictions and antingly refused, was turned into the ranks, and limitations, however, as render it necessary to resubjected to every indignity, Capt. Snelling observ-fer, even the most common questions of internal poed to them that he was in their power, and expected licy, to the decision of the state legislature; the Bot such cowardly insult when disarmed; but hoped mayor being invested with no farther power, in adin to meet them at the head of his company, and dition to those of a justice of the peace, which by virthe honor of again driving them at the point of tue of his once he was declared to be, than that of the bayonet, as he did a few days before in the woods enforcing the execution of the ordinances of the city council, which are much more confined in their Latiof Brownston." BET. In the 1 tude than those of almost any other corporation. In for the Commercial and Farmers' Bank of Baltimore: 1800, the population had increased to 25,614; and by The Theatre has been lately pulled down, for the the census for 1810, it appears that the city and pre- purpose of erecting a larger and more superb buildcincts contain a population of 47,555 souls; having ing upon the same scite: the Jail and state Pentenin twenty years, more than trebled their number. The tiary both in elegance of appearance and solidity of extent and value of its shipping have increased in the workmanship, are surpassed by few buildings of the same rapid proportion. In 1790 the whole tonnage same description in the United States: the churches of the district amounted to no more than 13,500 for the various religious sects are numerous, and tons; in 1798, to 59,837; in 1805, to 72,210; and on many of them are large and elegant. the 31st December, 1810, according to the official There are, besides, many magnificent private report from the treasury department, it had increas- houses, which furnish, at once, proofs of the distined to the extraordinary amount of 103,444 tons. Thus guished taste and opulence of their owners. Among it will be seen, that, in point of commercial import- these may be mentioned the dwellings of Mr. Lor ance it occupies the fourth, and in point of size and man, Mr. Oliver, gen. Smith, Mr. Gilmor, &c. It is population the third place among the cities of the matter of regret to those who consider the reputation union. The advantages it possesses by nature are of a city as connected with its external appearance, well calculated to eusure a progressive prosperity. that these buildings as well as most of the public It is situated about twelve miles from "one of the ones, which are calculated to arrest the attention and largest bays in the known world," on the north side excite the admiration of the beholder, are so situated of the Patapsco river, which affords at all times a as to be entirely out of view from the great thoroughsecure and commnodious harbor. The principal part fare of the city; and are therefore unseen, except of the city is built around what is called the basin, by these strangers and travellers, who remain long into which vessels of 200 tons burthen, may freely enough in the city to explore its unconnected and enter; those of a larger size, discharge their cargoes, irregular streets. and for the most part lay at Fell's Point, a portion of Every part of the city is now supplied with water, the city which, though included in the corporation, which is taken from Jones' falls, about a mile above is in some measure detached from the other parts, the city, by means of an open canal, into a reservoir by a stream of water which runs through the city, at the head of Calvert-street; whence it is conveyed called Jones' Falls, as well as by an interval of va- through pipes, by the aid of another reservoir, to cant lots. This vacant interval, however, is daily the highest point of the city, where it is collected lessening, and when Pratt-street, together with two into one grand reservoir and thence distributed, withparallel strects to the south, shall be completely out the expensive aid of steam-machinery, to the opened; (for the accomplishment of which important most elevated streets. The company to whose enobject, a special law was passed at the last session of terprizing exertions the city is indebted for this the legislature;) there can be no doubt, that, in a greatest of all blessings, was incorporated by act few years more, the Town and Point, as they are now of assembly, in 1805, with a capital of $250,000. distinguished, will be connected by an uninterrupt- So great was the demand, at one time, for the stock ed chain of buildings. of this company, that shares were sold at more than The situation, particularly of the busy parts of the nine hundred per cent. above par; which produced a town, is for the most part low; many of the houses scene of speculation, for a few days, almost equal to being built upon ground recovered from the domi- the great South Seath bubble in England. That part nion of the water. But no disadvantages have been of the city denominated Fell's Point, where the water found to arise from this circumstance, with respect of the pumps was rarely found pure, has been lately to the health of the inhabitants: At least, epidemics supplied with spring water of the best quality, by prevail here, as seldom as in any other city, on the the liberal nd spirited exertions of two individualscontinent. The surrounding country rises by gradu-Messrs. Joseph and James Biays; so that every family al acclivity on every side, affording some of the have it in their power, at a very moderate expense, most extensive and delightful prospects that can be to furnish themselves with this indispensable requiimagined. Owing to some local prejudices, the coun-site to the enjoyment of health. The "city spring," try eastward of the city, through which passes the as it is called, was purchased by the corporation in great road of communication from one extremity to 1810, together with the lot on which it stood, and the other of the continent, is neither so thickly set- has been since walled up, and covered with a neat tled, nor consequently so well cultivated, as that to circular building; the ground handsomely laid out, the westward and northward. The latter is every and planted with trees of the most rare and curious where interspersed with gentleman's summer seats, species; a small gothic structure of stone, erected for displaying at the same time,elegant specimens of ar- the accommodation of a man employed to keep tho chitectural taste, and the most improved state of whole in order; and the lot enclosed with a light cultivation. railing. This beautiful spot is resorted to from almost The public buildings of the city are numerous every part of the city, and so much is the water and well constructed. The new court house is an esteemed for its purity, that a man has for many immense edifice, containing separate apartments, years found himself profitably employed in carting handsomely disposed, for the civil, criminal, admi-it about the city for sale. ratty, and orphans' courts ; large and spacious cham- The improvement of the roads and bridges throughbers for the juries, and the various officers attached out the state, which were long a serious obstacle to to the different courts. The Union Bank: the Bal- the extension of our interior trade, is now rapidly timore College: the Medical College, a superb edi-advancing under the fostering care of the legislafice lately erected, calculated for the accommodation ture. There are four turnpikes leading from the of five hundred students, and containing appropriate northern and western parts of the city, affording a apartments for every branch of science: St. Mary's facility of intercourse with one of the richest back College and Chapel, the last of which is the neatest countries in the world. These turnpikes have been building in America, and, perhaps inferior to few in all commenced within the last ten years; and one of Europe; it is a pure specimen of the Gothic archi- them now extends almost to the western extremity tecture, designed and planned by one of the first ar- of the state. An immense capital, which is daily intists in the country-the same gentleman is now en-creasing, is employed in the establishment of various gaged in superintending the erection of a building manufactories; and for the better promotion of the |