OR, A

DICTIONARY

OF

ARTS, SCIENCES, AND MISCELLANEOUS

LITERATURE ;

ENLARGED AND IMPROVED.

THE FOURTH EDITION.

Mustrated with nearly sir hundred engravings.

VOL. XII.

INDOCTI DISCANT; AMENT MEMIXISSE PERITI,

EDINBURGH:

Printed by Andrew Bell, the Proprietor;
FOR ARCHIBALD CONSTARLE AND COMPANY, EDINBÚRGH;

AND FOR VERNOR, HOOD, AND SHARPE,

LONDON.

1810.

Liege.

Liege.

L I E
I

L I E
L 'de

Westphalia ; bounded to the north by Brabant, to 24 walled towns, besides others, 52 baronies, besides
the south by Champagne and Luxemburg, to the east by counties and feigniories, 17 abbeys for men, who
Limburg and Juliers, and to the west by Brabant, must be all gentlemen, and in for ladies, exclusive of
Namur, and Hainault. It is very unequal both in others.
length and breadth; the former being in some places LIEGE, the capital of the bishopric of the fame
above 90 miles, in others not half so much ; and the name, stands upon the Maes, in a fine valley, sur.
latter in some places 45, in others hardly 25. The rounded with woods and bills, being a free imperial
air here is very temperate ; and the soil fruitful in city, and one of the largest and most eminent in Europe.
corn, wine, wood, and pasture. Here also are mines Though it is 100 miles from the sea by water, the
of lead and iron, pits of coal, quarries of marble and Maes is navigable up to it. The city has 16 gates ;
stone, and some celebrated mineral waters, as those 17 bridges, some of them very handsome; 154 streets,
of Spa and Chau-fontaine. The principal rivers are, many of them straight and broad; a fine episcopal
the Maes and Sambre. The manufactures and com- palace ; a very large stately cathedral, in which, be-
modities of the country are chiefly beer, arms, nails, fides five great filver coffers full of relics, are several
ferge, leather, with the products we have just men- filver statues of faints, and a St George on horseback
tioned. The states of the bishopric are composed of of maffy gold, presented to the cathedral by Charles
three bodies: the first is the chapter of Liege ; the the Bold, by way of atonement for using the inhabit-
fecond, the nobility of the country, and the third, the ants cruelly in the year 1468. Of the other churches,
deputies of the capital and the other towns. The that of St Paul is the most remarkable, both for its
three estates are seldom called together, except to structure and fine ornaments in painting and marble.
raise taxes for the service of the province, or upon The city is well fortified, and there are also two
some particular emergency ; but there is a committee castles on the mountain of the Holy Walburg for its
of the lates, who meet thrice a-week, and in time of defence. Besides a great number of other convents of
war daily. They are always about the prince-bilhop, both sexes, here is a college of English Jesuits, found-
to make remonttrances, and demand the redress of ed in the year 1616, and a fine nunnery of English
grievances. The bilhop is fpiritual and temporal lord ladies. Indeed, churches, convents, and other reli-
of the whole country; but, as bishop, is suffragan to gious foundations, take up the greater part of it.
the archbishop of Cologne. He styles himself, by the The reader, therefore, no doubt, will take it for
grace of God, bishop and prince of Liege, duke of Bouil

. granted, that it is a moft blessed, holy, and happy lon, marquis of Franchimont, count of Loom, Hoorn, &c. city. But however it may fare with the profane, unHis arms for Liege are, a pillar argent, on a pedestal hallowed laity, it is certainly the paradise of priests, of the same, with a crown or, in a field ruby. In the as it is expressly called, by way of eminence. It is matricula he was formerly rated at 50 horse and 170 divided into the old and new, or the upper and lower; foot; or 1280 florins monthly, in lieu of them, but and the latter again into the island, and the quarter now only at 826. An abatement of one-third has also beyond the Maes. The houses are high, and built been granted of the ancient assessment to the chamber- of bluish marble. In the town and suburbs are 12 court, which was 360 rix-dollars 62 kruitzers for each public places or squares, 10 hospitals, a beguin-house, term. Here are several colleges which fit at Liege, for and two fine quays, planted with several rows of trees, the government of the country, and the decision of for the burghers to take the air ; but a great part of causes, civil, criminal, spiritual

, and feudal, and of that within the walls is taken up with orchards and fach also as relate to the finances. The chapter con. vineyards.

The manufactures of this city are arms, lifts of 60 persons, who muil either prove their nobility nails, leather, ferge, and beer. In St William's for four generations, both by father and mother, bé- convent, without the city, is the tomb of the famous fore they can be admitted : or if they cannot do that, English traveller Sir John Mandeville, with an inscripmust at least have been doctors or licentiates of divi- tion in barbarous French, requesting those who read it nity for seven years, or, of law, for five years, in some to pray for his foul. Near it are kept the faddle, famous university.

The bishopric is very populous fpurs, and knife, that he made use of in his trayels. VOL. XII. Part I.

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