Charter Application Fees.

At the last convention a new section was added to the general laws in relation to the amount which shall be charged those persons signing an application for a charter for a new local union. Applicants must now pay $5, out of which sum $2 shall be forwarded to the International secretarytreasurer. The new section reads as follows:

Section 5. Each person signing an application for a charter shall pay the sum of five ($5) dollars, $2 of which shall be transmitted to the secretary-treasurer of the International Typographical Union in payment for the charter and outfit pro vided for in subsection d of section 3, article iv, by-laws.

More "Publicity."

Los Angeles Typographical Union, or rather the dominant faction in that union, has seen fit to issue another number of "Publicity." The contents of the second effort are much improved-that is, if vituperation that is more vituperative, abuse that is more malicious and insult that is more studied, can be classed as an improvement. President Lynch is given by far the most attention in the second issue of the aspiring campaign publication, although Secretary-Treasurer Hays is not by any means neglected, and Second Vice-President Miller and Organizer McLernon are somewhat bespattered with mud.

While at present we have no law or provision against the issuance of defamatory documents in printed form for circulation among our membership, it is believed that the continuance of such proceeding every two years, purely for campaign purposeshowever thinly disguised—will at some time in the future be interdicted. The membership, which is thoroughly disgusted with the mud-carrying vehicles, has, in every case where their use has been resorted to, registered its emphatic protest in the endorsement of the officers that have been assailed.

However, it is not these vicious attacks on the officers that count for much, notwithstanding their evident intention to, if possible, ruin both the character and future of those maligned. But it is the interest and welfare of the International Typographical Union that must be taken into consideration.

AS THE JOURNAL said last month, if the sole mission of Publicity is to injure and discredit the officers of the International Typographical Union in the opinion of the membership, then the publication may or may not accomplish its purposes. But without question or doubt it has accomplished one result, which will be emphasized in each additional issue, and that is the paralyzing of our effort to establish union conditions in Los Angeles, and the fact that aid and comfort have been furnished our enemies, the Los Angeles Times and the non-union book and job proprietors in the Los Angeles jurisdiction. The present issue of "Publicity" contains the admonition, "For circulation among membership of the International Typographical Union only." The first issue was sent to editors of newspapers under the plea for circulation in the composing room, but evidently with the intention that the contents should come to the notice of these editors. The added corner piece does not prevent the repetition of this covert and ununion endeavor, and only furnishes a convenient excuse when the charge is brought against those who are responsible for a course that can not be defended.

At the St. Joseph convention the two following propositions were received and referred to the committee on Los Angeles Times and Philadelphia Inquirer contests:

Proposition No. 112-By Los Angeles Union: Communication concerning alleged incorrect statements in the report of Organizer McLernon, together with figures regarding union and nonunion offices in Los Angeles.

(Printed copies of this communication will be found on the desks of the delegates.)

Proposition No. 133-By Delegate Rowe (Los Angeles):

Resolved, That the conduct of the fight against the Los Angeles Times be delegated to Typograph ical Union No. 174, and that the executive council is instructed to render such financial assistance as in its judgment is necessary.

In its unfavorable report upon these propositions the committee said:

We assembled at parlor "B," Hotel Metropole, at 8 o'clock Tuesday, August 10, with five members of the committee present-Delegates Weakley (Kansas City), Callan (Philadelphia), Baker (Mobile), Williamson (Vicksburg), Gragg (Abilene). This meeting continued until the following morning at 2 o'clock.

Proposition No. 133, by Delegate Rowe, of Los Angeles, and Proposition No. 112, by Los Angeles Union, were taken up. Among those present beside the committee were Delegate Rowe (Los An geles), Delegate White (San Francisco), Messrs,

Arthur A. Hay, Organizer McLernon and T. D. Fennessy. Matters bearing on the Los Angeles situation were presented in detail and were of voluminous proportions.

The following Wednesday, at 2 P. M., your committee again met with all members present, including Delegates Bloom (Richmond) and Steep (Toronto). There were also present Messrs. Hay, McLernon, White and Delegate Rowe of Los Angeles. Additional information was given your committee, after which the committee went into executive session to consider formally all of the matters placed before it.

In considering the Los Angeles situation carefully we find great lack of harmony to exist in that union; that factional feeling and bitterness appear to prevail to such a degree as to hamper the work of organization in Los Angeles. We also find that there has been a considerable increase in the membership of the union, and that there has been a corresponding increase in the amount of dues collected up to and including the past month of July.

We find that in round numbers there has been $156,000 expended during the past six years in Los Angeles, and that this has been used in paying strike benefits and organization work in the book and job branch, and in the conduct of the fight against the Los Angeles Times, and no showing has been made that the above amount has been spent otherwise than economically, judiciously and to the best interests of the local union, and to the International Union as a whole.

We recommend to this convention that the past aggressive policy of the executive council in the work at Los Angeles be continued, and that the executive council be instructed to extend every financial aid in its power to pursue the policy mentioned above, and that in pursuing this policy the executive council shall have such supervision over the expenditure of moneys as in its judgment seems proper.

The results attained in the Los Angeles field by Arthur A. Hay, who has held the position of organizer under direction both of the American Federation of Labor and the International Typographical Union, and also the work of the present organizer, Mr. McLernon, appear to be all that could reasonably be expected under the conditions and circumstances.

And in conclusion, so far as your committee can see, everything has been done and is being done by the executive council to better the conditions in Los Angeles, and we here quote from President Lynch's report to the Boston convention, and which we believe is more applicable to the present conditions:

There is no cause for discouragement because of lack of complete success in our crusade against the Times. It was non-union for years, and it may take years to reclaim it. It is the most bitter, malignant and tireless enemy of organized labor with which we have to contend. It is indeed unfortunate that we have not more unanimity of action on the part of organized labor in Los Angeles, and especially among our own members, in our crusade against the Times. But in all these movements we experience this regrettable develop

ment, and we have to meet it as best we can. Some members of organized labor are prone to initiate a fight today, and look for a victory tomorrow. The more experienced, however, realize that nowadays a fight is a fight, and that the victory is with contestants whose cause is right, whose purse is the longest, and whose staying qualities are not capable of impairment.

The report of the committee, on division, was adopted by a vote of 186 for to 8 against.

On the fifth day of the St. Joseph convention the executive council, in order to secure harmony and united action among our own members in Los Angeles, submitted this plan:

ST. JOSEPH, Mo., August 13, 1909.

The executive council is of the opinion, in view of the debate on the Los Angeles situation and the subsequent action of the convention, that there is no reason nor justification for the removal or supplanting of Organizer McLernon; but at the same time the council realizes that harmony and undivided support for our movement in Los Angeles are essential to complete success. The council, therefore, makes the following proposition:

That Organizer McLernon shall be continued in office for the balance of the fiscal year; that he shall have the full support of the membership of Los Angeles Typographical Union No. 174 in the prosecution of his work, and that to this end all members of Los Angeles Typographical Union No. 174 shall work toward and establish complete harmony in pursuit of the common object. That if, on June 1, 1910, it is shown that Organizer McLernon has not achieved results commensurate with his opportunities and the full support of No. 174, the executive council will supplant Organizer McLernon with an organizer to be recommended by No. 174. That if there is any dispute between No. 174 and the executive council as to the support given Organizer McLernon, or as to the degree of harmony that prevailed, or as to the results accomplished, the entire matter shall be submitted to a committee, to be composed of the then presidents of San Francisco Typographical Union No. 21, Portland (Ore.) Typographical Union No. 58, and Seattle Typographical Union No. 202, and the council agrees to accept and put into effect the decision of the committee as thus composed. Fraternally,

Lost Traveling Cards.

The membership generally, and especially that portion which uses traveling cards, should remember that the St. Joseph convention amended the law relating to securing duplicates of such certificates when lost. The law as amended reads as follows:

Section 84. When a member loses his certificate of membership, he can only receive a duplicate thereof by applying to the secretary-treasurer of the International Union, who shall issue such duplicate on the payment of $1 after sufficient time has elapsed for an investigation to be made. Duplicates shall be furnished from a series separate from the regular traveling cards and have printed thereon the words "Duplicate Card." No duplicate for a lost traveling card shall be issued to any member unless application therefor is made within thirty days from the time such card is lost.

What Is He Talking About?

The grand panjandrum of the Winona Technical Institute of Indianapolis is the Rev. Dr. S. C. Dickey. We have heard lots about Dr. Dickey. He has some vogue as a windjammer and is one of those gentlemen fond of talking about demagogues, agitators, etc. The United Typothetæ has been very kind to Dr. Dickey, so he appeared at the Detroit convention to return thanks, and during his address said:

I went to a trade school convention in Chicago not long ago. I heard the vice-president of the Typographical Union read a paper prepared by the president of the Typographical Union of the United States on trade schools. I studied his countenance, and I said: "That man seems to be in earnest." After the convention was over I took him aside, and I said: "Now, my friend, I could have asked you this question on the floor, as I was a member of the convention, but I wanted to see you alone and have a good chat with you. You are going to establish schools for printing?" "Yes, sir." "And you believe in trade school education?" "Oh, yes." "Well," I said, "my hobby is boys, and I am getting them from juvenile courts and mountain whites, and all over this country, and I would like to put a boy or two in your school if I can." He said, "Well, you couldn't do that." "Well," I said, "I would like to ask you if you are in favor of any boy having a trade, and any boy having an opportunity to learn a trade." "No, I am not; not the printer's trade." I said, "What is the matter?" He ripped out an oath and he said, "There are too many of them now." I looked at him and said, "You are just talking now for effect. We are alone here, and I want you to talk straight to me. I want to know if you mean what you say, man to man.' "Yes, sir; I would not lift my hand for one of them-for nobody but a man who belongs to the union." This is what the vice-president of the Typographical Union of these United States said to me in Chicago only three years ago. "I would not help one of them."

So far as THE JOURNAL has been able to ascertain, no vice-president of the typographical union ever attended a trade school convention in Chicago, either "not long ago" or "only three years ago." Nor is the "president of the Typographical Union of the United States" aware that he ever wrote a paper to be read by a vice-president at any trade school convention. Nor have we ever heard any official of the International Typographical Union-local or International— assert that he would not help an apprentice. The burden of the literature of the craft is entirely opposed to that idea. The policy of the union in connection with the course of

or not, is made a habit, and suspiciouslooking labels, or labels without numbers are reported, we will soon make the printing of fraudulent or bogus labels so dangerous to the fakirs that this source of annoyance will be eliminated. We owe it to the fair employers, who pay the union scale and give the eight hours, to turn all legitimate label work into their offices.

Trade Organization Among Printers.

A most valuable work has been contributed to the printing craft in the book, just from the press, written by George E. Barnett, Ph. D., associate professor of political economy in the Johns Hopkins University, and entitled "The Printers: a Study in American Trade Unionism." To quote the author, "the printers have been selected for description chiefly because their history. covers a long period, and it is therefore possible to trace to their origin policies and methods which have since been adopted by other unions. Moreover, the records of the printers, both local and national, have been better preserved than those of any other American union." The volume is in three parts, viz: History and government, mutual insurance and trade regulations, and the enforcement of trade regulations.

A perusal of Dr. Barnett's book discloses the fact that mass meetings of printers for the purpose of considering trade questions were held in New York as early as 1776 and in Philadelphia in 1786. Continuous organizations were formed in New York, Fhiladelphia, Baltimore and Boston before the close of the eighteenth century or shortly thereafter, and the Typographical Society of New York was in existence from 1795 to 1797. In 1799 the Franklin Typographical Society was organized in the same city. In 1809 the New York Typographical Society was organized, and is still in existence. The Philadelphia Typographical Society was organized in 1802, and is also still active. However, Dr. Barnett asserts that there is some evidence that there had been a printers' society in the Quaker City previous to this, known as the "Asylum Company." The date of the first Baltimore organization is equally uncertain, but prob

ably as early as 1803. There was also a society in existence in Boston in that year. The author says that no societies appear to have been formed outside of the four cities named before 1810, in which year the Philadelphia society received a communication "from the New Orleans Typographical Society enclosing a copy of their constitution." In 1815 societies were organized at Washington and Albany. As far as the information of Dr. Barnett extends, these societies were formed primarily to "raise and establish prices." No new societies appear to have been formed between the years 1815 and 1830, with the exception of the Franklin Society of Boston, a purely beneficiary association. It is also set forth that the only society that survived to 1830 without entirely giving up the regulation of wages, was the Columbia Society of Washington, and until 1835 its functions were chiefly beneficiary. Again to quote the author: "Two facts thus stand out prominently in the history of the early societies: The greater part of them were short-lived, and those which did survive for any considerable time became purely beneficiary societies or subordinated greatly their trade regulating aims."

About the year 1830 there was a great revival of interest in labor organizations, and during the ensuing ten years printers' organizations were formed in twenty-three cities. Most of these, however, lived only a short time, and it is claimed that the only existing unions which date their origin from that period are Baltimore and Richmond (Va.) Unions. About 1848 the organizations of new unions began to go on more rapidly, and since 1850 have been in existence in practically all the larger American cities.

The first suggestion that the local associations should form an organization was made in 1834, and two years later delegates from associations at Baltimore, New York, Harrisburg, Philadelphia, Washington and New Orleans assembled in Washington and framed a constitution for the National Typographical Society. The first session was held in New York in 1837, when the name was changed to the National Typographical Association. An adjournment was taken until the following year in Pitts