Castle Hill Lighthouse is a conical granite tower, upper half white, on the east side of the entrance to Eastern Passage. The light is flashing red, flash 9 seconds, eclipse 21 seconds, 40 feet (12.2 m) high and visible 10 miles. The fog signal is a bell sounding a group of 2 strokes every 18 seconds.

Mackerel Cove, indenting the southern shore of Conanicut Island, is exposed to sea and wind in southerly weather and is seldom entered. Kettlebottom Rock is bare and lies about 300 yards southeastward of the eastern entrance to Mackeral Cove. There is a black gong buoy on the southern end of the shoal surrounding this rock.

The Dumplings are a group of bare and sunken rocks off the southeastern point of Conanicut Island. There is a large house on the southern rock. The Dumplings are marked on the eastern side by two black buoys, the southernmost buoy being a bell buoy, and the other a gong buoy.

Newport Harbor is described on page 101.

Gould Island is flat and sparsely wooded near the middle. It is · marked on the eastern side by a lighthouse, which is a conical tower, upper half white, lower half brown.

Coddington Cove is a good anchorage in southerly or easterly

winds.

Cable crossings.-Submarine cables have been laid in Eastern Passage and the limits are shown on charts 236 and 353.

Halfway Rock, a small ledge showing bare at its southern end, lies 7 mile south-southwestward of the southern end of Prudence Island. A black spindle with cage is on the bare part of the ledge.

Fiske Rock, with 12 feet (3.7 m) over it, lies 1/4 mile northeastward of the spindle on Halfway Rock, and is marked by a horizontally striped buoy. Strangers should not pass between the buoy and spindle.

Dyer Island is low and brush covered. A reef extending northward of the island, with depths of 10 to 18 feet (3 to 5.5 m), is marked at its northern end by a red lighted bell buoy. A reef. partly bare at low water, extends 3% mile southward and south westward from the island, and is marked on the western side by a red buoy and at the eastern end by a black buoy. A bar with 8 to 17 feet (2.4 to 5.2 m) over it extends southward from the red buoy to the shore. A lighted range ahead guides across the bar in a depth of about 15 feet (4.6 m).

Mount Hope Bay and Taunton River are described on page 104. Bristol Harbor (chart 354).-This harbor is a cove lying between Bristol Neck on the east and Popasquash Neck on the west and northward of Hog Island, which lies in the middle of the entrance with a good channel on either side of it. The cove is about 2 miles long and 114 miles wide at its southern end, narrowing to 3 mile at its northern end. The harbor proper (northern part of the cove) is about 1 mile long and nearly 1/2 mile wide, has a depth of 15 to 17 feet (4.6 to 5.2 m), and excellent anchorage in soft bottom abreast the town. The northern part of the harbor above the railroad wharf is shallow, having a depth of 7 to 12 feet (2.1 to 3.7 m). Fifty yards westward of the railroad wharf is a small reef, bare at 12 tide. It is marked by a red buoy.

Hog Island is a large island in the entrance. Shoals make out over 3 mile southward of the island, and vessels must pass at least 300 yards southeastward of Hog Island Shoal Lighthouse. The eastern shore of Hog Island should be given a berth of at least 350 yards.

Hog Island Rock, with 4 feet (1.2 m) over it, is on the eastern edge of the shoal about 1/2 mile northward of the southeastern end of the island and is marked on its eastern side by a black buoy.

The southern and western shores of Bristol Neck should be given a berth of at least 300 yards to avoid the shoals making off that distance. A red buoy marks Pearce Rock, about 1/4 mile westward of Bristol Ferry unused light tower. A bowlder with a least depth of about 9 feet (2.7 m) is reported to lie 100 yards southward of Pearce Rock.

Making northward from Hog Island is an extensive shoal with depths of 3 to 12 feet (0.9 to 3.7 m). For about 1/2 mile northward of the island this shoal has a width of 11⁄2 mile, thence it narrows to a point at the junction of the eastern and western channels 1 mile northward of the island. The northern end of the shoal, known as the Middle Ground, has a depth of only 5 feet (1.5 m) and is marked by a horizontally striped buoy. Near the western edge of the shoal, about 1/2 mile northward of the northwestern end of the island, is Castle Island, a rock bare at low water, marked by Castle Island Light (flashing red).

Ushers Rocks, bare at low water, lie on the western side of the channel 3 mile north-northwestward of Castle Island Light. Eastward of the rocks on the edge of the channel is a black buoy. Ushers Cove, lying westward of Ushers Rocks, is shoal.

Bristol, a town on the eastern side of the harbor, has but little trade and is of no commercial importance. A buoy depot of the third district of the Lighthouse Service is located here. Near the southern end of the water front of the town is a shipyard where yachts are built. There are four marine railways and vessels up to 300 tons can be accommodated.

Provisions, gasoline, and coal can be obtained. At low water 8 to 11 feet (2.4 to 3.4 m) can be taken to some of the wharves. Bristol has railroad communication and bus service with Fall River, Providence, and Newport. Gasoline boats run regularly to Prudence and Hog Islands.

Tides.-The mean rise and fall of tides is about 4 feet.

Anchorage regulations for Bristol Harbor require all vessels to anchor at least 400 feet off the ends of the wharves and westward of a line extending northeast by east from Ushers Rocks buoy. (See "Prohibited anchorages" on p. 94.)

Directions, Bristol Harbor-Eastern Channel.-Enter about midway between Bristol Neck and the southeast point of Hog Island, steer 340° true (N. 12 W. mag.), and pass 150 to 200 yards eastward of Hog Island Rock buoy and the horizontally striped buoy at the north end of the Middle Ground. Anchor in 16 to 17 feet (4.9 to 5.2 m) at least 400 feet off the wharves, giving the shores a berth of over 200 yards.

Western Channel.-Pass 300 yards southwestward of Popasquash Point bell buoy and steer 29° true (NE. 1 N. mag.) for the

prominent white church spire in Bristol, passing about 250 yards off Castle Island Light and Ushers Rocks buoy and 200 yards northwestward of Middle Ground buoy. Then stand up the middle of the harbor and anchor as in preceding paragraph.

Warren River (chart 355) is a small river emptying into the head of Narragansett Bay, about 2 miles southeastward of Conimicut Lighthouse, at the mouth of Providence River. The channel leading up to the town of Warren has a depth of about 10 feet (3 m) at low water and is narrow and crooked but is well buoyed. A draft of about 14 feet (4.3 m) can be taken up to the town at high water. Coal can be obtained at the wharves, and gasoline, fresh water, and provisions can be had. The principal wharves have depths of 7 to 12 feet (2.1 to 3.7 m). Warren has railroad and bus communication with Providence and Fall River.

Rumstick Shoal extends nearly 5% mile southward from Rumstick Neck, is about 3 mile wide, and has depths of 2 to 12 feet (0.6 to 3.7 m), the ruling depth southward of Rumstick Rock being about 7 feet (2.1 m). Near its southeastern extremity it is marked by a black lighted buoy, and on its eastern edge, nearly 1/4 mile southeastward of the southern extremity of Rumstick Neck, is a black can buoy. Rumstick Rock, a bare rock, lies on the western point of the shoal, 1/4 mile from Rumstick Neck; and Rumstick Ledge, bare at low water, lies 200 yards northwestward of the rock.

Anchorage. There is excellent anchorage at the mouth of the river about 1/4 mile from the eastern shore, southward or just eastward of buoy No. 3, in 14 to 15 feet (4.3 to 4.6 m), soft bottom. There is not room for anchorage in the river except for small craft. Abreast the lower end of Warren, and 100 to 200 yards above buoy No. 12, the channel is about 450 feet wide with depths of 16 to 18 feet (4.9 to 5.5 m) in the middle; a very small vessel can anchor temporarily at this point.

The tidal currents in some parts of the river run with considerable velocity, especially along the town front.

Directions, Warren River.-The river is well marked by buoys. Chart 355 is the guide.

DIRECTIONS, EASTERN PASSAGE OF NARRAGANSETT BAY

The following directions are good for the deepest-draft vessels to the anchorage off Newport and up the bay to the entrance of Mount Hope Bay, and for a draft of 28 feet (8.5 m) to the entrance of Providence River and to the city of Providence. Vessels of over 20foot (6.1 m) draft bound to Providence or Fall River should take a pilot.

Approaching Brenton Reef Lightship from eastward, care should be taken to keep it bearing northward of 268° true (WNW. % W. mag.) to give Seal Ledge a good berth. In clear weather vessels may pass 3 mile eastward of Brenton Reef Lightship; Brenton Reef and other dangers on the easterly side of the entrance will be avoided by keeping Castle Hill Lighthouse bearing eastward of 3° true (N. by E. 12 E. mag.), and passing westward of the bell buoy off Butter Ball Rock.

In thick weather Brenton Reef Lightship should be made and passed close-to. From the lightship a stranger should be able to

EASTERN PASSAGE-DIRECTIONS

101

make the anchorage in Newport outer harbor by closely following the directions and paying attention to the fog signals. See also the remarks on page 104.

From a position 3 mile northward of Hen and Chickens Lightship steer 260° true (W. 12 N. mag.) for 8 miles to a position 114 miles southward of Sakonnet Lighthouse, and then steer 269° true (WNW. % W. mag.) for 8 miles to Brenton Reef Lightship. From Vineyard Sound Lightship make good a 280° true (NW. by W. % W. mag.) course for 17 miles to Brenton Reef Lightship.

From Block Island.-Passing 212 miles east-southeastward of Block Island Southeast Lighthouse, make good an 18° true (NNE. % E. mag.) course for 18 miles to Brenton Reef Lightship.

From Point Judith lighted whistle buoy steer 40° true (NE. 34 E. mag.) for 7 miles to Brenton Reef Lightship. Or, in clear weather, from Point Judith lighted whistle buoy a 33° true (NE. % E. mag.) course made good for 834 miles will lead nearly midway between Brenton Reef Lightship and Beavertail Lighthouse and 1/4 mile northwestward of Castle Hill Lighthouse.

From Brenton Reef Lightship steer 11° true (NNE. 14 E. mag. for 2 miles to a position 1/4 mile northwestward of Castle Hill Lighthouse. Then steer 46° true (NE. by E. % E. mag.) for Newport Harbor (Goat Island) Lighthouse, which will lead to the anchorage in Newport outer harbor westward of Goat Island. Or, when southeastward of the Dumplings, and Rose Island Lighthouse bears 10° true (NNE. % E. mag.), steer 358° true (N. by E. % E. mag.), and pass 1/4 mile eastward of the Dumplings and 400 yards westward of Rose Island Lighthouse. When Gull Rocks Lighthouse bears 88° true (ESE. % E. mag.), make good a 19° true (NNE. % E. mag.) course for 61/2 miles, passing nearly 1/2 mile eastward of Gould Island Lighthouse, in mid-channel westward of Dyer Island or slightly favor Prudence Island, passing 200 yards westward of Dyer Island North Point Shoal lighted bell buoy, and to a position 1/4 mile eastward of Prudence Island Lighthouse. If bound to Fall Fiver, follow the directions on page 106.

If bound to Providence, steer 1° true (N. by E. % E. mag.) for 1 mile until Hog Island Shoal and Mussel Beds Shoals Lighthouses are in range, bearing 68° true (E. 34 N. mag.). Then steer 339° true (N. 5% W. mag.) to a position close to eastward of Popasquash lighted bell buoy; then steer 358° true (N. by E. mag.) for nearly 214 miles with the lighted bell buoy at the eastern side of the dredged channel ahead. When 250 yards southward of this buoy, steer 322° true (NNW. 1% W. mag.) in the dredged channel, heading for Bullock Point Lighthouse (square tower on white dwelling on granite pier) until 200 yards northeastward of Conimicut Lighthouse (white conical tower on brown pier). Then follow directions for Providence River on page 116.

NEWPORT HARBOR (CHART 236)

is on the eastern side of the Eastern Passage of Narragansett Bay, about 311⁄2 miles above the entrance. It is divided by Goat Island into an inner and outer harbor and is an important harbor of refuge

for coasters, tews, and yachts. The approach is well marked by lighthouses and fog signals, and the harbor is easy of access both day and night.

The Outer Harbor is on the western side of Goat Island, northward of the Dumplings and southward of Gould Island. Its entrance from southward is unobstructed; the entrance from northward, passing either side of Gould Island, is clear, but the passage eastward of Rose Island is obstructed by the rocks and ledges which lie between Coasters Harbor Island and Rose Island. The depths range from 6 to 23 fathoms (11 to 42 m) and the holding ground is good. The anchorage is anywhere westward of Gould Island and westward of a line extending 189° from the east shore of Gould Island at its southern end to the easternmost Dumpling, with the exception of a channel 300 yards wide extending 285° to the ferry landing at Jamestown. An anchorage area is also established westward of Goat Island and eastward of Rose Island, within limits prescribed by the Secretary of War. (See "Prohibited anchorages" on p. 94.)

Rose Ísland, marked at its southwest end by a lighthouse, is surrounded by a shoal, with little water in places, which extends about 400 yards northeastward and northward from the island, and rises abruptly from deep water. A black buoy is placed on the end of the shoal which extends 225 yards southward from the island. Mitchell Rock, 14 feet (4.3 m), lies 200 yards southeastward, and Traceys Ledge, 9 feet (2.7 m), lies nearly 300 yards eastward from the edge of the shoal surrounding Rose Island. They are marked by black buoys. A red buoy marks a detached rock, 9 feet (2.7 m), which lies 150 yards northeastward of the edge of the shoal. The north end of the shoal is marked by a red buoy.

Gull Rocks lie about midway between Rose Island and Coasters Harbor Island and are small in extent. Gull Rocks Lighthouse is on the middle of the rocks and may be approached as close as 100 yards on its eastern and western sides, but the shoals and rocks extend over 100 yards northward of it and 300 yards southward. These rocks are surrounded by a depth of 414 to 5 fathoms (7.8 to 9.1 m). North of the lighthouse they are marked by a black buoy and south of the lighthouse by a horizontally striped buoy. A 17foot (5.2 m) spot lies 600 yards 336° true (N. % W. mag.) from Gull Rocks Lighthouse, and is marked by a horizontally striped buoy.

There is a deep channel between Rose Island and Gull Rocks and also between the latter and Coasters Harbor Island; the latter channel is the safer for strangers.

The Inn Harbor is on the eastern side of Goat Island, and extends along the western front of Newport. It has two entrances, the northern leading northward and eastward of Newport Harbor (Goat Island) Lighthouse and the southern leading around the southern end of Goat Island, between it and Ida Lewis Rock Lighthouse.

A channel 18 feet (5.5 m) deep is maintained along the south and east sides of Goat Island. An anchorage basin, project depth 18 feet (5.5 m), lies southward and eastward of the dredged channel to a line extending 44° true from Ida Lewis Rock Lighthouse to the