In the treatment of this branch of the subject, Dr. Hawks's admirable faculty of lucid arrangement and distinct statement has full play; and he proceeds, too, with a calm confidence of the strength of his positions, that cannot fail to inspire his readers-such of them especially as have been somewhat startled by the bold asseverations of the infidel school of Egyptologists and their train of ignorant imitators-with a similar confidence. The ninth chapter gives a brief summing up of his results, from which we quote, in conclusion, the following sober, manly, and discriminating passage :—

"We have, we are well aware, done but little more than furnish a few items, and those of a general nature, of the mass of testimony which might easily be adduced. We are not without the hope, however, that enough has been presented to show that the boast is premature which proclaims that Egyptian discoveries have proved the Bible to be false. The geology and chronology which are established (as it is said) by the soil and monuments of Egypt, are the strong grounds on which those rely who would condemn the Scriptures but to our minds, we are free to confess, were both these grounds much stronger than they are, the conclusion would be most unphilosophic that the sacred history is untrue. For what are the facts? We have shown a great many particulars in which, undeniably, the testimony afforded by Egypt to our narrative, is too marked to be accidental. Hundreds of circumstances, some of them singly of small importance, and all casually introduced, without being intended as evidence when they were penned, are found, on being brought together, to harmonize in a wonderful manner with the story which (as far as that story has been interpreted or understood) Egypt is telling of herself. Under such circumstances, what says the enlightened and truly philosophic mind? Certainly this: that even granting, in the present imperfect condition of science, there may be much in the geology of Egypt which indicates an extreme age, and presents a seeming difficulty in reconciling that age with received opinions as to the date of events; granting that the chronology, supposed to be gathered from cartouches interpreted by the guidance of a supposed Egyptian historian, whose very existence even is to some of the learned doubtful; granting that such chronology may not appear to synchronize with any received system of Scripture chronology; yet there is so much plain and palpable in Egypt that, in the shape of undoubted facts, does rise up to support the Bible story; so much of the Book is thus proved to be true; that real science will pause ere it too hastily concludes to reject, as entirely false, a witness clearly sustained in part, and that an important part; and will modestly conclude, that when more is fully known that science may possibly hereafter reveal, it will be found, that as the Bible and science are alike from God, they will prove, when investigation is finished, to be in entire harmony.

"The Bible, so far as the testimony of Egypt is concerned, has established a claim that is undoubtedly to be, in part at least, believed. Let her, then, have credit for that part, and let it create the reasonable presumption that all she says, if properly understood, will be found true; let her have the benefit of this at least, until the science of man, now confessedly imperfect, shall have produced from Egypt what the Bible has, namely, equally undoubted evidence: it certainly has not yet done it, in contradiction to the Bible.”— Pp. 239, 240.]

ART. X.-SHORT REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF BOOKS.

(1.) THE press of Messrs. Robert Carter & Brothers is abundantly prolific; and, what is more, prolific only of good. Among their recent issues is a reprint of the “ Young Man's Closet Library, by ROBERT PHILIP," (12mo., pp. 347,) embracing the three works known as Manly Piety in its Principles, Manly Piety in its Spirit, and Manly Piety in its Realizations, which, on their first appearance, were so widely popular and useful. Mr. Philip is a writer somewhat given to exaggeration and straining after points; but this work has fewer of his faults than some others; and it abounds in strong appeals, admirably adapted, both in manner and matter, to the minds and consciences of young men.

(2.) "A Copious and Critical English-Latin Lexicon, founded on the GermanLatin Dictionary of Dr. C. E. Georges, by the Rev. J. E. RIDDLE, M. A., and Rev. J. K. ARNOLD, M. A. First American edition, revised, &c. by CHARLES ANTHON, LL. D." (New-York: Harper & Brothers: 8vo., pp. 754.) In our school-days, we got out our exercises by dint of turning English words into bad Latin, and then looking out the Greek for it in our well-thumbed Schrevelius. Boys of this age have green pastures, indeed, to walk in. This new English-Latin Lexicon, like Liddell & Scott's Greek, and Freund's Latin Dictionaries, will necessarily supersede all other works of the same class, and for the same reason,-its vast superiority. The German-Latin Lexicon of Georges has long held the very highest rank in its own country; and Messrs. Riddle and Arnold have added large materials gathered from various sources. The American edition is decidedly in advance of the English, especially in the copious dictionary of proper names. The printing and binding are in the excellent style for which all the large Lexicons, got out by Messrs. Harper, are distinguished.

(3.) "The Miscellaneous Works of Oliver Goldsmith, including a variety of pieces now first collected, by JAMES PRYOR. In four volumes. Vol. I." (NewYork: G. P. Putnam, 1850: foolscap 8vo., pp. 586.) Mr. Pryor's indefatigable labours on every point connected with the life and writings of Goldsmith have been fully acknowledged by the more recent biographers, Forster and Irving. Indeed, but for Pryor, it is not likely that Forster and Irving would have written at all. The complete collection of Goldsmith's works was the final proof of Mr. Pryor's pains-taking industry: and Mr. Putnam has taken the tide of public feeling at the flow in this beautiful reprint of it. The present volume contains the "Bee," the "Essays," (including many now first collected,) the "Inquiry into the present state of Polite Learning in Europe,” and a number of Prefaces and Introductions, several of which are newly collected. No library that deals at all in the luxuries of literature, can be deemed complete without this edition of Goldsmith. Mr. Putnam has brought it out in his usual style of typographical neatness, and in a new and unique binding.

(4.) "WHATELEY'S ELEMENTS OF RHETORIC" has been so long before the public, that a critical notice of it would now be out of place. Our own judg ment is simply, that no work extant in English compares with it in logical clearness of the subject-viewing Rhetoric in the restricted sense in which Dr. Whateley uses it. A neat and cheap edition (18mo., pp. 348) has just been issued by Messrs. Harper & Brothers.

(5.) "Objections to Calvinism as it is, in a series of Letters addressed to Rev. N. L. Rice, D. D., by Rev. R. S. FOSTER; with an Appendix, containing Replies and Rejoinders." (Cincinnati: 1849. 12mo., pp. 310.) Most of the letters here collected appeared originally in the Western Christian Advocate, and owed their origin there to a series of attacks on Methodism in a Western journal. The object of Mr. Foster, as he himself states it, is "not to discuss fully the doctrines peculiar to Calvinism, nor to present the counter views of Arminians, but simply to present a statement of Calvinism, and objections thereto." Under this plan he treats, in successive chapters, of God's Eternal Decrees: of Election and Reprobation: of the Atonement: of Effectual Calling of Final Perseverance: of the State of the Heathen World: and of the Human Will. On each of these topics the Calvinistic view is stated, not in the language of Mr. Foster, but in that of the Confession of Faith and of standard Calvinistic writers: and the statements, in general, appear to us to be as fair as it is possible to make them. From these statements the author draws logical inferences—and these, in most cases, are the only objections to Calvinism that he adduces. Certainly, in view of the fearful character of these logical and inevitable results of the system, no other objection need be offered. We have long been satisfied that, in forming our moral judgments of men, we ought not to charge upon them the logical issues of their opinions, when they expressly disclaim those issues: but, in judging of systems, our logic may, and should, be unsparing and relentless. Truth must not be tampered with. Mr. Foster writes with great vigour and clearness; and his book is calculated to do good in regions where the Calvinistic controversy is still going on. For ourselves, we most heartily wish that the controversy were dead, buried, and forgotten.

Prefixed to the volume is a clear and succinct historical sketch of the Calvinistic theory, brought up to the present time, by Dr. Simpson.

(6.) WE have received a copy of the twenty-sixth thousand of " WAYLAND'S Elements of Moral Science, abridged and adapted to the use of Schools and Academies, by the Author." (Boston: Gould, Kendall, & Lincoln: 18mo., pp. 210.) There is no other book so good for the purpose.

(7.) MESSRS. CARTERS have reprinted that excellent book, " Domestic Portraiture; or, the Successful Application of Religious Principle in the Education of a Family, exemplified in the Memoirs of three of the deceased children of the Rev. Legh Richmond." (12mo., pp. 351.) It is full of touching proofs of the ten

der, Christ-like spirit of the sainted Richmond: and abounds in encouragement to Christians in the religious training of their children; at the same time it abounds in warning and reproof-though more implied than expressed-to such as neglect this religious training. There is a waking up among us to this great theme: would that it were a universal awakening! Prefixed to the work are a few "Introductory Remarks on Christian Education, by Rev. E. Bickersteth," which are rather disjointed and unhappy.

(8.) We shall not be censured, we trust, as meddling with party politics, if we say that President Taylor has made no appointment over which we have more rejoiced than that of Mr. EWBANK as Commissioner of Patents. Few of the public servants of the people, we opine, can show as good a title to their places as his "Descriptive and Historical Account of Hydraulic and other Machines for raising Water, ancient and modern, with Observations on various subjects connected with the Mechanic Arts: including the progressive development of the Steam Engine, &c., by THOMAS EWBANK." (New-York: Greeley & M'Elrath, 1849: 8vo., pp. 608.) We confess that we were utterly ignorant of the character and value of this work, until we came to read it in the way of our duty. A general notion that it told all about machines for raising water in a very dry way-and that it might be a very useful book for engineers, &c., formed our whole idea of the work. How greatly have we been surprised to find it filled with various learning, stored with out-of-the-way and amusing information, and written in a style at once so clear and so pleasant, that the reading was a pleasure instead of a toil! The work is divided into five books, of which the first treats of "Primitive and Ancient Devices for raising Water;" the second, of " Machines for raising Water by Atmospheric Pressure;" the third, of" Machines working by Compression, independent of Atmospheric Influence;" the fourth, of "Machines, chiefly modern, including the earliest applications of Steam for raising Water;" and the fifth, of "Novel devices, with an account of Syphons, Cocks, Valves, Clepsydræ," &c. In every case the history of each particular machine is traced from the first indications in the books or monuments of antiquity, down to the latest refinements of mechanical skill. To mechanics and inventors this volume is, we suppose, absolutely indispensable; and to all others, who wish to learn how the arts began, and to trace their gradual progress, we commend it as a repository both of instruction and

amusement.

It

(9.) "The Fountain of Living Waters, in a Series of Sketches, by a Layman," (New-York: G. P. Putman, 1850: 18mo., pp. 165,) is a sweet and tender appeal in behalf of spiritual religion, addressed especially to the young. describes, in the light of personal experience, the sandy desert of the mere worldly life, and points out the Fountain of living waters, ever pure and abundant, to which all are invited to "come and partake freely." It would make a beautiful and useful gift-book.

(10.) THE thousandth anniversary of the birth of Alfred the Great, was celebrated in England a few months ago. Our young readers will find his history most pleasantly told in the "History of King Alfred of England, by JACOB ABBOTT;" recently published by Messrs. Harper & Brothers; and, like the other volumes of Mr. Abbott's series, beautifully illustrated,

(11.) THE day will come when LAMARTINE, standing by the gate-post of the Hôtel de Ville, and subduing by his eloquence the furious passions of the thousands upon thousands of delirious revolutionists who sought they knew not what at the hands of the self-constituted Provisional Government of 1848, will be commemorated in stone, on canvass, and in song, as the very impersonation of moral sublimity. To-day, shame to human ingratitude and perspicacity! it is the fashion to disparage, or at least to neglect him. His "History of the French Revolution of 1848," marked by that command of language, spontaneous eloquence, and tenderness of feeling, which in Lamartine are so remarkably combined with the power of clear narrative and graphic description, has met with little favour from the press, and does not seem, in this country, to have reached the people. "But it is the utterance of vanity!" What then? Of all this Revolution, most of all, of the repression of violence, wrong, and bloodshed, who, more truthfully than Lamartine, can say, "Pars magna fui?"

The book is a series of pictures. We give an example :--On the second morning of the revolution the dregs of Paris were gathered in countless numbers before the Hôtel de Ville. The red banner, signal of the revolution of blood, was waving over their heads, and they demanded its adoption as the standard of the republic. At last a deputation forced its way into the building to bear the final summons from the mob to the provisional government. Their spokesman was a young workman, the Spartacus of the band:—

"He was a man of from twenty to twenty-five years of age, small, but straight in form; he was strong, and had a firm and manly carriage of his limbs; his face, blackened by the smoke of powder, was pale with emotion; his lips trembled with rage; his eyes, sunk under a prominent brow, flashed fire. The electricity of the people was concentrated in his look. His countenance had, at once, a reflective yet mazy expression; strange contrast, which is found in certain faces, where a mistaken opinion has nevertheless become a sincere conviction, and an obstinate pursuit of the impossible! He rolled in his left hand a strip of ribbon or red stuff. He held in his right hand the barrel of a carbine, the but-end of which he struck with force upon the floor at every word.

He spoke with that rude and brutal eloquence which admits of no reply; which does not discuss, but which commands. He had those terrible hesitations which irritate and redouble, in the uncultivated man, the rage of his suppressed emotion, from his very want of power to articulate his fury. His gestures helped out the meaning of his words. Every one was standing, and in silence, to listen to him. “He spoke not as man, but in the name of the people, who wished to be obeyed, and who did not mean to wait. He prescribed the hours and minutes for the submission of government. He commanded it to perform miracles. He repeated to it, with accents of greater energy, all the conditions of the programme of impossibilities which the tumultuous cries of the people had enjoined it to accept and to realize on the instant:-the overthrow of all known society; the destruction of property and capitalists; spoliation; the immediate installation of the destitute into the community of goods; the proscription of the bankers, the wealthy, the manu