the several districts, according to the census of 1840, District. Population. Everett. Morton. maj No. 1. 93,383 4,906 1,204 44 2. 3. 70.516 4,402 4,314 169 4. 71,701 5,269 5,939 66 5. 72,595 5,857 6,134 5,639 5,769 46 7. 70,976 5,609 5,422 187 46 8. 768 670 204 thousand-a large portion of the counties severed, subject. In neither of those states has the democra- Here are four reasons given for the gross charge Here is an attempt to compare the act of our leagainst the purity and honesty of the Massachusetts legislature; 1st that there is a difference of 23,000 gislature, with the outrageous gerrymandering proin the population of the differrut districts. Now the jects of the New York house of assembly, and the fact is that there is a remarkable degree of uniformi- Ohio legislature; the first of which was partially dety in the population of the several districts, as they feated by the firmness of the senate, and the latter 71,603 5,284 5,488 are constituted by this law, with one exception. In by the secession of the whig members of the legislaIt would be protracting this article to a greater (6 9. 71,874 4,496 5,938 1,442 the first district, consisting of the city of Boston, the ture. <6 10. 71,557 4.215 3,447 population exceeds that of each of the others by length than we are disposed to give it, to expose the more than 20,000, simply because it could not be re- grossness of the assertion here made. We content 50,720 51,027 2,416 2,723 duced without a division of the city, which has al- ourselves, with what we have already said on the Besides the above votes, there were 307 scattering ways been accustomed to vote in a body in the choice subject, for a vindication of the act of our own legisvotes, which were not sufficiently numerous to change of all its political officers. If the electors of Boston lature, against the charge of either studied or accithe majority in either district, or make any material are willing to submit to a curtailment of a quarter dental injustice to the democratic party; and with change in the character of the above statement. It part of the weight of their votes, in the choice of a declaring the parallel here attempted to be made, to will be seen from this statement that such is the divi- representative to congress, rather than to have their its disadvantage, between it and the bills which have sion of parties, in the districts now formed, that in an city divided between two districts, it is difficult to been so loudly denounced of the New York and Ohio election in which the democratic party received ex imagine why the democratic members of the legis- legislature, and a gross attempt to palliate the enor actly half the votes, they would have had a majority lature from other parts of the state should complain mous abuses of the democratic party in those legis[Boston Advertiser. of votes in one half the districts, and would have been of it. This inequality, instead of doing injustice to the latures. in a minority in the other half; and that a democratic democratic party, manifestly diminishes the weight of RHODE ISLAND. gain of two per cent. on that state of the polls, e- the whig vote, inasmuch as that if a quarter part of CONVENTION. The convention for framing a conqually distributed among the districts, would give the voters of the city had been attached to another them a majority in three more of the districts, mak-district, as might have been done, they would have stitution for the state of Rhode Island, adjourned on ing eight ou of the ten. had a voice in the choice of a second representative. Tuesday, to meet again on the third of November, It thus appears, that gerrymandered as it is pre-If the democratic members of the legislature were at East Greenwich-the day of the meeting of the tended the state is by this law, one half the votes opposed to this diminution of the influence of the general assembly. Its officers were, Governor James given for the democratic party, and distributed Boston electors, thay had a perfect right to object Fenner, president and H. Y. Cranston, esq. vice preamong the towns in the proportions in which they to it, and to protest against it, if they saw fit; but sident, Messrs T. A. Jenckes and W. Updike, jr. seactually were in the election of 1839, will in the next they have no right to cite this feature of the bill as a cretaries. H. Y. Cranston, esq. the vice president, election, should they be obtained, give them one half proof that the bill is contrived to do injustice to the presided over its deliberations. The constitution is the districts; and moreover, that a majority of 2000 democratic party, because it is not true that it proves completed, but is not yet engrossed. The convention votes in the state, distributed in the manner in which any such thing. On the contrary, if it proves any passed a resolution requesting the general assembly they are most likely to be distributed, in case they thing in reference to this point, it proves that the le-to grant them the power to present the qualifications should gain that majority, will give them eight of the gislature did not regard the relative weight of the of those who shall vote on the question of adoption ten districts, leaving the whigs only two. On the two parties in the several districts as a matter of pri- of the constitution. A majority of the convention exother hand, it results from the nearly equal distribu- mary importance. pressed themselves in favor of allowing all who had tion of parties in the principal part of the state, that a right to vote in the election of delegates to vote on a whig majority of about 3000 votes will be likely to the question of adoption. give a similar advantage of eight districts to that party. We have not at command any official statement of the votes of last year. It is asserted in the protest that according to the vote of last election there would have been a democratic majority in but one of the districts now constituted. If it be so, it is because there was a large number of abolition votes last year, particularly in the third and fourth districts. It should be remembered that the number of votes for governor Morton last year was but 51,367; and and for governor Davis, and all other candidates, 59,695-making the whole number of democratic votes fall short of a majority by 8,328. A third part of this disparity against the whigs, would have left them, as above shown, but two of the ten districts. Middlesex The second reason is that a large portion of the counties are severed, and one of them into five parts. This we believe is not strictly true. The Providence Journal gives a synopsis of the seforms a part of four districts, and Worcester con- veral articles of the constitution, which are fourteen We in number. We copy the following, in which are emtributes to three, one of which it forms entire. regard it as one of the defects of the system that braced the more important articles. The following counties are so much divided, and we were at first is the preamble: view, of opinion that the districts might have been more satisfactorily formed, with a greater regard to county lines. But on a more careful examination of the modes in which this might be done, we are satisfied that it would have been impracticable without an abandonment of some of the advantages which are secured in the present plan. Such a system of division would have formed districts less compact in form, and composed of inhabitants less connected by habits of intercourse. We, the people of the state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, grateful to Almighty God for the civil and religious liberty which He hath so long permitted us to enjoy, and looking to Him for a blessing upon our endeavors to secure and transmit the same, unimpaired, to succeeding generations, do ordain and establish this constitution of government. Article first contains the declaration of rights and privileges; it is full and ample, setting forth clearly the principles of sound government, and securing the rights and privileges of every individual citizen. The first section is as follows: "In the words of the father of his country, we declare, that 'the basis of our political systems is the right of the people to make and alter their constitutions of government; but that the constitution which at any time exists, till changed by an explicit and authentic act of the whole people, is sacredly obligatory upon all." The fourth section prohibits slavery. The following is the section concerning the fisheries: 3d. The protest complains that there are districts It is demonstrable, from these and similar results, derivable from calculation of the chances of political composed of three and even four fragments of counchanges supposing them to be produced by causes ties. We should like to know how this was to be avoidlikely to operate equally upon all the districts, that ed, if the districts were to be made nearly equal in pothe distribution by the present law is not only quite pulation, and formed of contiguous portions of terrias favorable to the democratic party as to the whigs, tory. Take for example the 7th district, which is but even more favorable. If the districts are formed, composed of the county of Berkshire, and a regular with equal advantage to the two parties, one half the tier of towns in the three adjoining counties. The votes, in the most probable result of chances, (for only alternative for this would have been to annex after all there must be much uncertainty) should give to Berkshire, Franklin or Hampden, either of which a majority in five districts. Last year, the whig can- would have constituted a district of inconvenient form, didate received 4,607 more votes, than were given to the extreme parts of which would have been quite "The people shall continue to enjoy and freely tho democratic candidate; and a majority of 786 over remote from one another. The protest goes on to all other candidates. Such a majority in the state object that some of the districts are of "the most unmight surely be expected to give the whigs a majo- comely forms." By this the authors of the protest exercise all the rights of fishery and privileges of rity in more than half the districts. The Post has mean to intimate, we suppose, that they discern in the shore to which they have been heretofore entitlstated we presume correctly, that the vote of last the form of the districts the features of the gerry-ed under the charter and usages of this state. But year gives a whig majority in seven of of the districts. mander. To judge of the justice of this complaint, no new right in these respects is intended to be grantThis is no proof of the unfairness of the districts, it is only necessary to appeal to the shape of the se- ed, nor any existing one imparted by this declarafor as we have shown, a small superiority of demo- veral districts, as delineated on the map, and we deny tion." ARTICLE SECOND-On the right of suffrage. cratic votes would give that party eight of the ten that there is any thing "uncomely," or in any respect monstrous or ill shapen in the forms which they pre-frage is extended beyond its present basis to all male We are not able to discover anything in the native citizens of the United States who have resided This view of the operation of different states of sent. the votes, upon the present arrangement of districts, shape of any one of the districts to justify this charge. in the state two years, and in the town where they is sufficient to show how groundless is the charge Such are all the reasons which the authors of the offer to vote one year; who are registered and have against the majority of the legislature, that this law protest say lead irresistably to the conclusion that paid a tax, either personal or for registration, of one is "designed to suppress a fair expression of the opin- the plan was ingeniously contrived to produce injus- dollar, within the year previous, or who have been Tons of the minority." [Bonton Advertiser. tice. We confidently insist that they authorise no cording to law. Every person who contributes to such inference. On the contrary the pretended in- equipped and done military duty within that time acTHE PROTEST. The protest of the minority in the ference is a base and groundless charge by the mino- the burthens of the state, is thus allowed a voice in Massachusetts house of representatives, on which we have already offered some remarks, gives the follow-rity against the majority of the legislature, for which the election of all civil officers. To vote upon any question for raising a tax, or for the expenditure of ing enumeration of the grounds on which its authors these pretended reasons do not afford even a show of plausibility. money in any town, or for members of the city council of Providence-the voter must have been infer, that the bill against which they protest, is the result of a studied design to do injustice to the minority party in the state. assessed on property to the value $150. The question whether colored persons shall be permitted to vote or not, is left to the people to decide. districts. "When we find," says the protest, "a difference 1n population in the districts of about twenty-three Again the authors of the protest say— "Loud and repeated complaints have been made against the democratic party in the states of New York and Ohio for alleged injustice in relation to this Suf The word white is not in the constitution, but a separate cation. ARTICLE THIRD provides that the power of the government shall be distributed into the three departments-legislative, executive and judicial. Keyser ARTICLE FOURTH-Of the legislative power. ARTICLE FIFTH-Of the house of representatives. ARTICLE Walker SIXTH-Of the senate. The legislature consists of Risteau two houses, one, the house of representatives, con- Welsh structed on the strict ratio of population, allowing each town at least one; and in the other, the senate, Hook each town or city has a single representative. The ratio in the house of representatives is one representative to 1,530 inhabitants, making in all 69 members. The number is limited to seventy-two, and no town or city is to have above one-sixth of that number. The senate consists of lieutenant governor and 31 senators. This system bears the closest analogy to that adopted in the constitution of the U. States, the same principle being adhered to as closely as possible. MARYLAND. BALTIMORE CITY-ELECTIONS. V. B. 6,021 Gallager 6,722 PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY. 6,105 Springer 6,822 Delegates. 789 Roley 679 Barkner 833 Beckett 741 Semmes 864 BALTIMORE COUNTY-FOR ASSEMBLY. 1,771 Hall 1,758 Independent-total vote. 1,113 Jackson 391 Paran Sheriffs of Baltimore city and county. ARTICLE NINTH-Of elections. The election of all officers and members of the general assembly is an nual. The vote for general officers is by ballot, and every voter is to write his name on the back of his ballot, as at present required by law, unless, the general assembly shall change the law. Vacancies in the senate and house of representatives are to be filled by new elections. In case of failure to elect a governor, Polk lieut. governor, secretary of state, attorney general, or general treasurer, the general assembly shall choose Gover by ballot from the two candidates having the highest Whitaker number of votes. HARFORD COUNTY-DELEGATES. Whig. 1,251 Stephenson 1,225 Walsh Sheriff. 1,215 Richardson 554 Pratt Sheriff. 827 Greenwell (V.B.) 329 128 Watts, (independent) 168 TALBOT COUNTY. 1,172 Three whigs elected. 547 Blackstone (V. B.) 671 QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY. Three whigs and one V. B. are elected to the legislature. FREDERICK COUNTY. 1,234 Tilden (W.) Whig. V. B. Clements Sheriff. 2,642 Johnson (W.) 781 Sutton (V. B.) 659 2,659 McKeehan, 2,657 2,657 Two whigs and three V. B. have been elected: THE DOOR CONSTITUTION. J. Q. Adams. The editor of the New Bedford Register, in noticing the report that John Quincy Adams had volunteered his services to defend Messrs. Anthony and Pearce, says: Brengle, "On Wednesday we conversed with the gentleman Richardson, who called upon Mr. Adams in relation to the sub- Lynch, ject, and by him we are informed that it is true.-Naill, Mr. Adams declared it as his opinion, that the peo- Johnson, ple's constitution was framed and adopted in accordance with the first principles of our institutions; that it is the established constitution of Rhode Island, and the supreme law of the state; that Thomas W. Dorr is the rightful and legitimate governor of Rhode Island, and that there is no escaping from these conclusions." NEW YORK. PROPERTY IN NEW YORK CITY. By a statement of the relative value of real and personal estate as sessed in 1841 and 1842. as prepared for the common council, it appears the decrease in the value of real estate is 2,609 Crampton, SOMERSET COUNTY. The election in this county has resulted in the 2,637 choice of two whigs and two V. B. to the house of delegates, and of Dr. Williams, whig, to the state senate. 859 Worthington, Brooke, 736 Dawson, 837 Gott, 730 Willett, 635 Sheriffs. $9.861,906 Vinson, Of personal estate 3,549,413 English, 962 Candler WASHINGTON COUNTY. CAROLINE COUNTY. Whigs. V. B. Whig. V. B. Weisel Boteler 2,066 Harn From a statement made by Mr. MOREHEAD, Super- Eakle intendent of motive power on the Columbia and Phi- Whitmer ladelphia Rail Road, it appears that the clear profits of motive power on that road for six months, and Keller the railway for five months, amount to ninety-nine Wilson thousand nine hundred and ten dollars, over all expenses. It is estimated that the clear profits of the present year, notwithstanding the decline of business, Pickell and the large reduction in the receipt of tolls, will more than pay the interest upon the cost of construct- Shaw ing the road. Harrington 120 Sheriffs. 635 Horney 578 WORCESTER COUNTY. 918 Hearn, 1,064 Holland 1,185 Whig. V. B. Handy 893 Pearre 1,178 Buskirk 1,306 Homan 765 1,170 Cathell 702 1,076 Fitzpatrick 1,127 Armstrong 1,038 Buchanan Three whigs and one V. B. elected. Lindsey, 1,141 whig, is elected sheriff. ALABAMA. ed on the American continent announce to their whig brethren of the union, HENRY CLAY of Kentucky, the long cherished, the master spirit, the incorruptible statesman of the Giant West, as their candidate for the presidency in 1844. The papers of this state complain that injustice 620 has been done to the character and conduct of the 609 people in the remarks which have been made by the 348 press elsewhere upon its banking system. They say that the people of Alabama are not chargeable, in the Resolved, also, That the whigs of Ohio here assemremotest degree, with favoring the dishonest doctrine bled, made painfully conscious, of the importance of of repudiation-that they are ready to submit to any looking hereafter with equal care to the character 717 degree of taxation necessary to restore the credit of and qualifications of him who may be proposed for the state and meet its engagements-that the late the second office in the government of the nation, do election turned upon the taxation question, and that nominate, as their candidate for the vice presidency, " the great majority of the successful candidates are JOHN DAVIS of Massachusetts, a man distinguishpledged to support such a system of taxes as willed as well for his stern practical honesty, and known cover the wants of the state. We rejoice to believe principles, as for his long and valuable public services; that the legislature will redeem this pledge. In few and as their first choice for that station, they propose of the states does there prevail a higher moral tone him to their brethren of Kentucky and of the other than in Alabama. [Charleston Mercury Oct. 6th. The senate consists of 21 members, 14 of whom hold over, and 7 were elected on Wednesday the 5th inst. Of the senators holding over, 9 are whigs and 5 Van Burenites. Of the 7 senators whose terms have expired, 6 were whigs and 1 Van Burenite. Whig. Van Buren. Senators holding over, Prince George's, Anne Arundel, 0 66 1 16 66 1 1 whig gain 0 1 1 13 HOUSE OF DELEGATES. Baltimore city, 1842. Whig. V. B. 2232 1 22331 25 1 47 GENERAL RECAPITULATION-JOINT BALLOT. The vote on joint ballot will stand as follows: 1 44 TENNESSEE We learn from the Nashvillle papers of the 2d inst. Tennessee met in extra session at Nashville. All tend the extra session at all. The message of Governor Jones to the legislature sets forth the object for which he summoned the legislature together. The first of these is the laying off the state into congressional districts, under the new apportionment. The next is to divide the state into Senatorial and representative districts, for the election of members of the legislature, as required by the Constitution of The message then touches upon several matters of local interest to Tennessee, such as the amendment of the charter of the bank of Tennessee, the pecuniary embarrassments of the people, &c. The difficulty of electing Senators of the United States grows out of the fact, that the houses are politically opposed. In the Senate the Van Burenites have a majority of one, and in the House the whigs have a majority of three. The Van Burenites there fore refuse to go into joint ballot for the election of Senators, as has been the uniform practice of the legislature, since the state was admitted into the Union. They place their refusal on other grounds, Van Buren. but there is no doubt that they refuse to go into the 8 47 Whig. Senate, 13 35 48 55 Van Buren majority, 7. VIRGINIA. པ| joint ballot because they know whigs will be chosen OHIO. The press of Ohio has been teeming during the late political campaign with the accounts of vast poAn editorial convention which was to have assem-pular assemblages held in various parts of the state bled at Lynchburg proved an entire failure. re-enacting the scenes of 1840. On the 4th instant AGRICULTURAL FAIR. We repeat this morning the 10,000, whigs assembled at St. Clairsville. list of premiums to be awarded at the approaching The Dayton Journal gives a glowing account of fair of the Henrico Agricultural and Horticultural the great assemblage at that place on the 29th ult. society. We hope our agricultural fellow citizens estimated at from 100 to 150,000 people. The convenwill exhibit a liberal number of animals on the occa- tion appointed governor Jeremiah Morrow of Warsion of this fall meeting. This system of agricultu-ren county, its president, besides 15 vice presidents ral societies is one of the grand movements of the and 6 secretaries. age. It has done wonders for the north-it may do Mr. Schenck, in behalf of the whigs of Ohio, prewonders for us. Let it be adhered to with the ener-sented and read the following declaration and resogy and enthusiasm worthy so great a cause as it is. lutions: NORTH CAROLINA. The reading was frequently interrupted by the most hearty cheers from the vast multitude, and especially when the resolution nominating Mr. Clay for the presidency, was presented, was there such a burst of enthusiasm and feeling as was only equalled when at the close of the reading, Mr. Schenck introduced that great statesman and governor of all hearts to the people, without any address or further announcement than to point at him as the rose before them, and pronounce the single name "Clay." in the city-but seemed literally to fill almost all the The entire procession did not pass any one point streets. First in the procession, in an open barouche, were Mr. Clay and Gov. Corwin. Next were the Citizen Guards. And then a car containing 100 girls and boys in handsome uniform. This was the juvenile choir, instructed for the occasion by Mr. A. T. Sharpe. Their appearance was very fine, and they made one of the most interesting features of the whole display. As they passed along singing and waving their flags, every eye was turned upon them with manifest delight. A number of mechanics' shops on wheels, were forge, and anvil, upon which the clink of the hamalso in the line. Among them were a blacksmith's mer was constantly heard. ing, twisting, and spinning; a small frame of spinThe cotton spinners were busily engaged in reeldles put in operation by a large drum attached to the hub of one of the wheels of the car, drove the machinery in good style. The machinists were carrying on their business too, as the procession moved on. The wagon and plough makers had their work under way. The potters had a wheel in operation, and with skilful hand, shaped up the ware. The tanners and curriers were busily at work. Then there was a huge car snugly covered, in which all the operations of dressing and spinning flax were carried on. Breaking, scutching, hackelling and spinning were all presented to view. Butler county has the credit of sending this extensive concern among us. Washington township sent up a threshing floor, and the flail was playing merrily as the procession moved on. The shoemakers had a large car to themselves, and did a main business. The carpenters' car was drawn by six horses, and bore a miniature temple, which had been built for the occasion. This temple was built by the whig carpenters of this city; its ground dimensions are 12 feet 4 inches in length, and 7 feet 4 inches in width. Order, Grecian Doric Hexastyle-peripteral, and the proportions from the temple of Theseus at Athens. Then there was the big elk from Perry township, in this county, and hundreds of other curiosities and strange sights. The procession went thundering on, its grandeur and display setting all description at defiance. We have been all along confident in our predictions Among the people, free themselves, and determinof the noble benefits that would ensue from such a ed to transmit, unimpaired, to posterity the same course. Our confidence derives assurance already great inheritance of popular rights, the selection of from the signs of improvement that have been exhi-their public agents, from the highest office in their bited, brief as has been the existence of the system gift to those of the least importance, is the dearest to among us. [Compiler 8th inst. them; it is their free gift, and no man who values the true spirit of republican institutions, should lightly thwart the popular will, when that arbiter of all most cherished by freemen, like the rush of mighty waters, THE OFFICIAL VOTE. We have been politely fur-pours itself along in an irresistible flood of unbought, nished by Secretary Hill with the official vote of the enthusiastic affections. several counties of the state for governor. The re- In this spirit the whig masses of Ohio, this day, ported vote from many of them must have been have met to welcome their brethren of Kentucky.—and others, reviewed a part of the procession, for grossly inaccurate, as not one of the published statements have come within several hundred votes of the actual result. We will publish on Tuesday, the whole table, but must content ourself, to-day, with the following epitome: Morehead's whole vote Henry's do. do. Morehead's majority 39,586 The good, the great, the patriotic of both states, now The whig masses of the two states are also animat- From a stand erected on Main Cross street, Mr. Clay, in company with Gov. Corwin, Mr. Ewing many sections of it were not able to get into line and pass this point. Here were stationed the juvenile choir, led by Mr. Sharpe. And as the procession passed, they sung with admirable effect the songs which they had practised for the occasion. The review of the procession being over large numbers of people moved out to the pace of speaking. Resolved, therefore, That the whig masses here as- Immediately after dinner, the rush was tremendous. sembled in the voice of numbers never before equall-The number present, before the hour indicated for the commencement of business at the stand, from various estimates, could not have been less than 130,000!! No one saw that dense mass of human beings, without being strongly impressed with the belief that even a larger number than this might be named, without a charge of exaggeration. The Dayton Journal in allusion to Mr. Clay's speech says "We cannot, we need not, attempt any account of the speech with which, for an hour and a half he held every person in that crowd enchained in listening admiration. It is sufficient to say, that it was worthy of his fame. We will not offer any abstract of it, because we understand that it will be reported by a gentleman who attended from a distance for that purpose, after undergoing the revision of the speaker. It will be an interesting document when published, especially for the full, clear and candid manner in which Mr. Clay vindicated his course and position as the ardent and consistent friend of the protective system. After Mr. Clay had done speaking, Mr. Crittenden was again called out, and proceeded in his usual, clear and happy style of oratory to address himself to the people of Ohio. He concluded with a return of the challenge, which had been the occasion of the present great festival-offering in behalf of Kentucky, a barbecue to the whigs of Ohio, if they could exceed the majority to be given by his state to Clay in 1844. This was a highly interesting, and at the same time amusing point in the proceedings. Mr. Crittenden could scarcely get opportunity to conclude his proposition, for the interruption of the thousands of ardent Buckeys in the crowd, who were clamorous in their ready acceptance of the banter. When he finished, however, shouts for "Corwin" brought our warm hearted and eloquent governor to the stand, and after delighting the audience with one of his inimitable appeals to their patriotism, took up the gauutlet which the gallant Kentuckyian had thrown down, and in behalf of our state expressed our determination to enter the lists, whatever the odds, in this emulous strife for the first honor in the support of true poinciples. Many other gentlemen from various parts of the state and union addressed the assembled multitudes during the 28th, 29th and 30th. At 2 o'clock on the last mentioned day Mr. Clay left for Indiannapolis. Thus ended one of the most remarkable convocations of the people, that ever assembled in the U. States. For numbers, enthusiasm, devotion to principle and to the cause of liberty itself, no one has perhaps ever witnessed an assemblage which can be compared with it. It will be an honor to Dayton as long as liberty shall be esteemed worth maintaining, or honesty and patriotism deserving such homage as freemen may consistently pay. [Dayton Jour. An accomplished engineer who took great pains to inform himself, states that the dense mass who listened to Mr. Clay covered 133,300 square yards, at about 4 to the square yard, (in many parts six) making upwards of 80,000 souls. Besides which, there were about 10,000 carriages, wagons, &c. outside the circle, on the road and in town-the road being all the while thronged for a mile, and there being left in town some 30,000 souls; and this we believe is as near the truth as human calculation could come. MISSOURI. Governor Reynolds has offered a reward of $600 for the apprehension of ORRIN PORTER ROCKWELL, charged with the crime of feloniously shooting LILBURN W. BOGGS, with the intent to kill him; and of Jo. SMITH, charged with being accessory, before the fact, to the crime of the said Rockwell, or $300 for either of them. MISCELLANEOUS. THE LATE DR. CHANNING. From the Journal of Commerce. Dr. Channing was born at Newport, R. I. His grandfather was William Ellery, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. His father was an eminent merchant of Newport, of the firm of Gibbs & Channing. His grandfather retained the powers of his mind to extreme old age, being accustomed every morning to read one or more chapters in his Greek Testament-a practice which he continued until he was upwards of 90 years of age. He once remarked that if old men would exercise their minds more they would retain their intellectual faculties as long as they did their physical powers. Dr. C. inherited the vigorous intellect of this revered relative. ing spirits in his class. During a part of his collegiate course, his friends expected that he would, on taking his degree, pursue the study of medicine; but his attention was turned to the ministry by the Hollis professor of Divinity in Harvard College, where Dr. C. graduated. At commencement, when he took the degree of A. B., he had a distinguished part, and was then looked upon by competent judges, as one of the most promising young men of the day. Soon after, he went to Virginia, where he resided some time, we believe as a teacher. Here he was supposed, by exposure or neglect of his health, to have undermined his constitution. He never fully recovered the robust state of health which he had previously enjoyed. Dr. C. was the poor man's friend and advocate. He prized the principles of our government, but was chiefly anxious that the people should be righteous, He loved the cause of rather than prosperous. PEACE, and by his tongue and pen did all he could to avert the calamities of war. In fine, however much men might dislike his theological opinions, no one who knew him could fail to prize his purity of character, his inflexible integrity, his lofty purposes, his literary taste, his eloquence, and his able discussions. His death is a great loss, not only to his family, but to the city where he resided, to the country which gave him birth, to the cause of letters and freedom throughout the world. COAL AND IRON TRADE OF FRANCE. CONSUMPTION OF COAL IN FRANCE. We extract from the Report of the minister of public works for the year 1839, the following statement of this particularIndigenous production, Imported from Belgium, Do. Great Britain, Do. Rhenish Prussia, Do. Other countries, In 1803, Mr. Channing was ordained over the congregation in Federal street, Boston. The lines between the Orthodox and Unitarian denominations were not, at that day, so distinctly drawn as they are at the present time. In fact, the term Unitarian Mr. C. was considered a was not in general use. serious minded young preacher, of irreproachable morals, with a cultivated mind, refined taste, unique eloquence, and leaning to evangelical views in theology. Rev. Dr. Mason of this city, and other staunch divines of Orthodox sentiments, in different parts of the country, used to preach in Mr. C's pulpit. Circumstances occasioned a more marked division of Exported to Belgium, theological men, not many years. after, and Mr. C's preaching and theological writings assumed a more decided character. His celebrated sermon at Baltimore at the ordination of the Rev. Jared Sparks (the historian) made this division more complete. Mr. C's congregation increased-his people erected a more spacious edifice on the site of the old churchand a colleague, Rev. Mr. Gannett, was associated with him in the charge of the congregation. 796,457 tons. 304,684 125,137 Amer. tons. 3,113,252 750 1,227,028 4,340,280 20.020 4,371 3,838 Do. Algeria, 2,455 Do. Other col. of France, Do. Other countries, 2.370 2,338 Do. Sardinia, Do. Switzerland, Actual consumption of coal in France for the year 1839, 35,395 4,304,885 Dr. Channing's published sermons during the war of 1812, brought him into general notice throughout the country. Subsequently his review of the writings of Milton, the character of Napoleon Bonaparte, and other able performances, established his reputation among the eminent scholars and belles lettres writers of the country and the world. The taunt of the Edinburg Review, at an early period, that Dr. C. "touched lofty keys, but with no very great force," was not echoed by the numerous readers and admirers of his writings. Dr. C's publications on the subject of American slavery have attracted no little attention throughout this country Cinder and Scrap iron, and Europe. He belonged to no anti-slavery society he even doubted the wisdom of these associations Total raw material, 974,167 12,870,119 -but he was an uncompromising enemy to slavery, At 5 francs the dollar, $2.413,147 and thought, spoke and wrote accordingly. One of the latest, if not the last public performance of Dr. C., was on the first of August, the anniversary of Wood, emancipation in the British West Indies, when he Coke, delivered a discourse in Berkshire county, Mass. A Coal,' report of it was published in the Evening Post, and attracted the admiration even of those who do not espouse the cause in behalf of which Dr. C. directed so much labor and sympathy. Dr. C. was a man of great independence of mind. He was never swayed by popular applause to do an act which his principles condemned. He paid no respect to men on account of their wealth or office. He honored moral worth wherever he found it. His sermons on the paternal character of God, on the loveliness of the example of Jesus Christ, on the evidences of Christianity, and on political and moral integrity, are admirable. He spoke out, in intelligible terms, on conjugal infidelity, and licentiousness. In the pulpit his gravity and solemnity exceeded that of most preachers, and many who boast of more correct theological principles, might have taken useful lessons from him, not only in the pulpit, but in all his social circles. In all circumstances, his feelings were under great self command. On one occasion, at a dinner party, where a distinguished orthodox clergyman overstepped the boundaries of propriety, Dr. C. remarked to the person near him, a strange man that." On another occasion, when the audience were greatly affected by the eloquence of a distinguished preacher, a professional brother whose feelings were easily excited, expressed astonishment that Dr. C. appeared to be so little moved. "My tears," said Mr. C., "are not so near my eyes as yours are." At the present moment I am snugly seated on the "running board of a boat on the Lehigh Canal, and Dr. C. had great contempt for ephemeral populari-am bound for Easton. With pencil in hand a portty, for office-hunting, for the airs often assumed by folio in my lap, I am writing another letter to you. upstart aristocrats, for the tricks and compliances of My back is against the deck, and my feet resting politicians. What was worthy of esteem and vene- upon lumps of coal; which, for ought I "wot of" are ration in men, whether they were rich or poor, white on their way to your office, by their genial warmth or colored, he reverenced, and could look down to enliven your fancy, and enable you to give some upon arrogance, folly, and the unprincipled, with pity glowing editorials about the christmas holidays. In and virtuous indignation. His elocution, as has been a double sense, my present position is like time; firstintimated, was peculiar,-his eloquence unlike that ly, I am progressing: in the second place, I am in no of any other man. His preaching and his writings particular place, and date accordingly.. were corroborated by a life of high moral charac Of the Dr's father we are not particularly informed, but Dr. C. himself, though for many years an invalid, was, in early life, quite vigorous. Though small in stature, and possessing a light frame, he had muscular strength, and in college was considered an athletic young man. He was also one of the lead-ter. It would have been gratifying to have directed your attention to the pleasant flourishing village of Somerville, the seat of justice for Somerset county; | but I find that Jo Sykes, the "great unknown" of the N. Y. Commercial, has superceeded me. A more important historical locality however, is the little hamlet of Basking Ridge, in the northern part of the same county: There it was, in Dec. 1776, that the eccentric Gen. Lee, was taked prisoner, as he lay, carelessly guarded, a considerable distance from the American army; a long and amusing account of which is given by Wilkinson. That place is also noted for the prominent characters who have been its residents. Lord Sterling lived near there, on a splendid plantation, when he joined Washington's Army. Dr. Finley, the proprietor of the plan of African Colonization, and Dr. Brownlee the controversialist, were both at various times principals of the village academy, and lastly, the Southards there had their dwelling place. Two of the prominent members of this distinguished family, Henry and Samuel L., have within the last few months gone to their final homes,bequeathing the noblest legacies that man can bestow upon his kindred. From conversation with a gentleman who had every means of acquiring accurate information I have obtained some facts relating to them which were never before given to the public. I state from memory, and may fall into some slight errors, but I believe the following is essentially correct. Liege, 1842. of the truce, summoned the citadel to surrender. To the traveller in Germany, the blessings of General Chasse was not a man to give up a disciplin peace are so apparent, he wonders governments can ed force, and one of the strongest fortresses in Eube induced to war. He sees not the gigantic strides rope, to the insolent summons of a band of volunwhich make men of children, but the slow firm steps teers; but indignantly reproaching them with a viowhich taken from conviction of utility lead to im-lation of good faith, he opened his fire, after an atprovement. tack was made on the arsenal, which was burned to Never was a measure so important in consequen- the ground, and with it the adjoining entrepot and ces, political and commercial, designed with greater the merchandise in it. wisdom, executed with more skill, than the German When Mr. Maxcy, United States charge d'Affairs, league of custom-houses. Prussia conceived and arrived in Brussels, with instructions to prosecute brought it to its present perfection. It cost her a the claims of the American merchants, he found Ensacrifice of money, but it has given her immense po-glish, French, Austrian, Prussian, and Brazilian merlitical influence, which she will exercise for the chants had similar claims; the English and French good of Germany. This was split into parties, with being largest except the United States. To proceed local, separate interests; the league has united seve-alone seemed useless. He found the English and ral countries into one, infused the German spirit in- French ministers without instructions, doubtful of to the many minds of various people; erected around the justice of the claims-France indisposed to deGermany a wall of defence through which an invad- mand money from him to whom she had lately given ing army will hardly penetrate. her daughter; England indisposed to demand from the uncle of her queen. Their ministers could find no precedents in point for an indemnity to neutral merchants, the destruction of whose property was not desired or intended by either of the contending parties, but was incidental to a revolutionary conflict, and was in fact effected by the forces of the king of the Netherlands in the exercise of his legitimate right to quell the rebellion of his subjects. The fire of General Chasse was designed to drive the insurgent Belgians from the arsenal, and to prevent their getting possession of the munitions of war therein stored from falling into their hands, and not to destroy the entrepot, to which the adjacent burning arsenal communicated its flames. There seemed then to be at the very threshold a serious question of principles in the way, whether the loss of property in the entrepot was a damage of such a nature as entitled our merchants to claim an indemnity at all from either party-and this ground was in fact taken in the beginning by the Belgian government-and, in the next place, if the damage were of such a nature as to draw after it a right to indemnification, which of the parties were bound to make it-Belgium, on whose territory the merchandise was destroyed, or Holland, by whose forces it was actually set on fire, or both, the property having been placed originally in the custody of the government of the Netherlands, then comprising both? Her relations with Hungary and her Italian provinces prevent Austria from joining the league; she is not opposed to it; she has under consideration the establishment of one custom-house, for all her dependencies. Slow to act, she has resolved to connect every part of her possessions by rail roads. Should she come into the league, we may say--in Germany are many governments, but one Germany. The hon. Henry Southard, the founder of the famHer commercial spirit and tendencies are thus ily in this state, was a direct descendant of the first loudly pronounced in favor of the United States of governor of Connecticut. He received but an ordi- America, "the late alterations in the tariff of Engnary English education, and when a young man mov- land are not for our advantage, they favor her coloed into New Jersey, and hired out as a common nies and indirectly the United States. Let us have laborer for thirty cents a day. There he remained, treaties with the United States; they can give us and by untiring industry collected sufficient to pur- cotton, tobacco, rice,we can manufacture as cheapchase a farm. When he had it nearly paid for, as he ly as England, and give manufactures in return; the was one day at work in the field, a person came and United States can bring to us coffee, sugar, and ininformed him that he had a mortgage on the land and digo of the colonies." The plenipotentiaries of the should take possession in the spring. Leaving the league are at Stuttgard revising the tariff. Interplough in the furrow, Southard retired to meditate course between the United States and Germany inover this almost overwhelming misfortune. Notwith-creases daily. Treaties of reciprocity must be benestanding the fraud on the part of the person who had ficial, particularly to the United States. Their able sold an encumbered estate he did not despair; but minister to Berlin, now at Stuttgard, is perfectly cagathering renewed vigor from adversity, paid the pable of comprehending their interests. mortgage. This act raised his credit among his In Belgium, agriculture and manufactures rapidly neighbors, who finding him to be an energetic, perse-improve; rail roads extend through the kingdom, vering young man, were ready to lend their assis-connecting the principal towns, and serving as motance. He was soon appointed a justice, and on up-dels to the whole continent. The despatch does not wards of nine hundred cases, in which he decided in equal that in England and the United States; but The indemnities heretofore obtained of foreign the course of his experience, only four appeals were these roads yield to none in system, and in cheap governments were for property, seized or destroyed made. By degrees he won his way to public favor, transport. Next year, the road to Prussia and the under the direct order of these governments in vioand as is well known, received some of the first offi- Rhine will be complete. From Liege to Aix-la-Cha-lation of the acknowledged law of nations, and the ces in the gift of his adopted state. pelle, eleven French leagues, twenty-eight English principal difficulty consisted in enforcing their payAn interesting scene took place at the time of the beautiful stone bridges have been built. One, half those that had committed the wrong. In the present miles, great difficulties have been overcome; many ment by the restored governments, which succeeded agitation of the great Missouri question. Both of an hour's walk from Liege, of gray granite, on five case, to the difficulty of obtaining payment of the the Southards were then in congress, the father in arches, is four hundred feet in length, seventy feet successor government were superadded three others. the house and the son in the senate. Each was ap-in width, has room for pedestrians, two carriages The first was that of establishing the principle that pointed chairman of the committees of the respec- abreast, and double rail road separated from the rest a nation in a state of civil war or revolution is antive houses, upon whom as a final resort devolved the settlement of this trying case. Neither knew of the by a handsome parapet. Belgium is emphatically swerable for damage in the conflict done to property appointment of the other, until they met in the hall duce need an outlet. She is, too. a land of consump- chants of a country at peace with it; the second, that industrious and productive. Her industry and pro- placed in its entrepot or public warehouse by merof conference and had taken their seats at the head tion. To favor its industry, her government has of fixing the payment of the indemnity on Belgium, of their committees facing each other; and as well may be supposed, with surprise depicted upon their where the property was destroyed, though the destruction itself operated by the forces of the king, countenances. For a few minutes not a word was said. At last the elder broke silence. Shaking his against whom a successful rebellion was made; and the third and last, though not the least difficulty, was head solemnly, he exclaimed "Samuel, this will never Are not the United States the country by which to bring about a co-operation in support of the posido!" and immediately retired to the house, stated the free trade may be most safely practised? having an tions by the ministers of five other powers, indiffe extreme delicacy of his situation, the importance of immensity to give, and to take, with profit? Under rent and reluctant at first, as above described, and the subject, &c. and begged to be excused. The son their financial system, the government's expenses at last, it is believed, stimulated into activity by the also went before the senate and did the same. The re- must be paid from duties on imports. The rate of determination of Mr. Maxcy at all hazards to claim quest of neither was granted. They returned, made duties necessary for these expenses sufficiently pro- reparation for damages to American citizens, and to out their reports, and on the action upon them then, this question which had come so near dissolving the tects the country's industry, which it is wise to pro- proceed alone, if they should persist in declining to union was put forever at rest. The honorable Henry tect fairly. Exorbitant tariff never answers its pur- give their co-operation on account of similar inju Southard closed his long career at the advanced age the manufacturers, especially Saxon, prayed for ve- these obstacles seemed at first, they were at length Before the meeting of the German league, ries to their fellow subjects. Insurmountable as of ninety-eight. Until three years previous to his ry high duty on cotton thread from machinery in all overcome-neutral rights, in the maintenance of decease, he had never worn glasses or used a staff, England. The English dreaded this duty. But it is which the United States, from their position, have a and took a daily walk of three miles. Were it not for his silvery hair, which hung in clusters down his not to be raised-Prussia, in her wisdom, viewing it deeper interest than any other power. were extendneck, one in witnessing his upright, sprightly gait, as highly protecting or prohibitory; whereas the ed beyond any known precedent-the Belgium minwould not have supposed him to have been over 50 league is founded on a fiscal principle; the duties isters yielded and introduced and carried the bill in years of age. His memory was strong; he could not the chambers, and his colleagues, too elevated by are fixed, opposed to duties ad valorem. Belgium has granted eight millions of francs three their own personal merit to deny praise where praise only recollect every question which had come before the house, but mention the different speakers, and per cent. stock, to pay principally for merchandise is due, do not hesitate to ascribe the merit of obburned in the entrepot (public warehouse) of Ant. taining the passage of the act to the United States their very arguments. werp in 1830, including United States merchants' minister. Mr. Maxcy soon returns home, respectclaims. In the Belgian revolution, the Dutch Gene-ed and beloved here; nay he meet his country's gratiLETTER FROM AN AMERICA Nral Chasse held the citadel of Antwerp, and the citi- tude! IN BELGIUM. opened a communication with the United States by pose. zens agreed that neither should harm the other, and In the midst of difficulties so mighty, of embarrassthe troops should be withdrawn into the citadel. ments so perplexing, that it is doubtful if the enFrom the Boston Daily Advertiser. The warehouse was next to the arsenal, in the town, lightened men who govern Great Britain, aided by German Customs Union-Policy in favor of Ameri-under the citadel, which is a little out of the town. the noble patriotism of the people, can surmount ca and hostile to England-Prussia-Mr. Whea- After the agreement had been made between Gene-them, the minister proposes an odious tax "to sustain ton-Belgium-its rail roads-its policy favorable ral Chasse and the people of the town, and the keys the nation's high credit." The tax is voted, estimatto trade with America-Transit of German emi- of the city were given up, Belgian troops, volun- ed much below what it will produce. Every dockgrants and trade through Belgium-Treaties of re-teers, I believe, about three thousand in number, yard is at work. Steamers, such as have not been, ciprocity-American claims on Belgium-Indem- came to Antwerp, tore down the proclamation of the are being built. The navy is daily becoming more nity obtained by Mr. Maxcy-Congress-Ameri-city authorities announcing the conclusion of the effectual. The minister contemplates, and prepares can credit. truce, took possession of the town, and, in violation for possible war. |