RUSSIA. with the ships of war, the opium smugglers on the nage or import duties, than are paid on our own vesBerlin, Oct. 12. Letters have been received with-coast-opening the way for them and for pirates to sels, and on the merchandise imported therein. The countries with which we have no such treaties are in a few days from the two Prussian officers serving Whampoa, where a large fleet of opium craft lay, and those only which have little shipping, or whose ves in the Russian army in Circassia, which proves that occasionally amusing themselves with murder or rape sels rarely visit our ports. Among these is the go- the statement given in several foreign journals that--and making the settlement of Hong Kong a sink, vernment of Belgium. In the year ending Septem- those two officers had been killed in action with the where the filth of China and Europe run togetherber 30, 1840, two vessels only under the flag of that Circassians was a fiction. It is said in those letters small opium shops being open, where drunk for a government entered the ports of the United States.- that the losses which the Russians have latterly sus penny, dead drunk for two pence,' is the motto or at The number of American vessels from the ports of tained were trifling and the mode of carrying on any rate practice. The population is English soldiers Belgium that year, was 29. In the same year, 64 the war, introduced by the present commander-in- and sailors, and Chinese rogues and prostitutes. BuAmerican vessels, of a tonnage of 19,507 tons, clear-chief, General Grabbe, is represented as very judi-siness at the north is so much interrupted by the inHence it seems to really be the intention of nocent and hard working population being driven ed for ports in Belgium. The amount of imports cious. from Belgium in that year, in Belgian vessels, was Russia to keep the warlike mountaineers confined as from their houses by the English cannon, that British $48,442, and in American vessels, $226,425. The closely as possible to their defiles, without attempt- imports have gone down to less than prime cost in value of exports to Belgium in foreign vessels, was ing to subdue them by offensive operations, which England, and many of them will not sell at all. $553,294, and in American vessels, $1,767,291. In are attended with great bloodshed and expense. 1840, a commercial treaty was negotiated with the Belgian government, and signed at Washington, by which the principle of reciprocity of duties was recognised. This treaty was ratified by the senate of the United States, and by the king of Belgium, but it was not approved by the Belgian chambers within the period limited by the terms of it, and it consequently became void. In consequence of the failure of this treaty, it seems the law has been enforced in our ports against the vessels of the subjects of Belgium, exacting the foreign tonnage duty of $1 per ton, and also the addition of ten per cent. on the amount of import dutics, on the goods imported in such vessels. Previously to the non-ratification of the late treaty, the vessels of Belgium had been admitted on the footing of American vessels, under the authority of the act of 1823, which authorises the president of the United States to suspend or discontinue the discriminating duties of tonnage or import, so far as they affect vessels of any nation which does not impose any discriminating duties on vesssels of the United States. CHINA. We have had some ex And now the Americans have the pleasure of bearing Mr, Adams quoted as authority, which ought to make us all admit the 'right is with the British.' If he were here, he would regret the hour when he apparently lent the sanction of his name and character to wholesale butchers of his species. When the Bogue forts were captured. the poor devils of Chinese soldiers, who were forced by their own officers to fight, finally fled and clustered together outside of the fort on a narrow point of land, crowded upon it as far as the sea on all sides would allow, and the Indian sepoys were allowed to approach within convenient distance and fire into the unresisting mass, till all the men composing it were killed or wounded." CENTRAL AMERICA. Captain Cowan, of the brig Henry Lee, at New York from San Juan Nicaragua, reports that the British blockade of the port was raised on the 20th of September, and that the blockading vessels sailed the next day for Europe. SOUTH AMERICA. BRAZIL. In the Diario de Pernambuco, of Sept. 20th, is an imperial despatch dated August 29th, and addressed to Gen. Caxias, conferring upon him the rank of field marshal. It appears that in a battle with the rebels on the 20th of August, the latter were put completely to the rout, with the loss of many killed and 300 prisoners, among whom were several of the rebel leaders. A letter from Para is mentioned in the Diario, Conducting a war against three hundred millions of people, at a distance of half the circumference of the globe from home, is found to be something of a serious task even for the resources of John Bull himself. The impatience which their presses begin to show, at the little progress yet made towards terminating the contest, evinces an apprehension that they have undertaken a task that may cost them more lives and more time than they expected or intended to expend upon it. perience in our own country recently, of the truth of this admonition, that victory is not always with the many or the cunning, nor the battle with the strong. To hope for a war to be successful it ought at least to be in the judgment of men, an indispensaThe resources of the govern- ! ble and just war. ment of seventeen millions of enlightened and civilized people have found it a task of more than five years for them to subdue a handful of strolling savages upon their own borders and surrounded on all sides as they were. General after General has been baffled, laurel after laurel lost in a contest in The Belgian government, as was to be expected, which the whole nation felt mortified that they had has passed an ordinance, subjecting American vessels become engaged. How many lives have been lost, in the ports of that country to the duties paid by non-how many constitutions ruined,-how many milprivileged foreign vessels. A letter from Brussels, ions have been expended in this disgraceful affair, received through papers received by the Acadia, is yet to be ascertained-but that they were the states that "a royal ordinance, of the 22d of October, price and penalty of an exceedingly imprudent if decrees that the ships of the United States shall be not of an unrighteous course of policy towards the which complains that the English were fortifying liable in the ports of Belgium to the duties of ton-wretched beings we had made victims to our rapaci- themselves in the territory they had usurped from nage and pilotage which, according to the existing ty, who will question? We can sympathize with the Brazil, and, not content with this insult, were stirlaws and regulations, are paid by foreign vessels British therefore-however humiliating is the ad-ring up discontents among the adjoining population. mission, in their impatience at the prospect of a which do not enjoy any peculiar favor" sons for this are stated as follows, in a report of the procrastinated contest with the numerous and distant people with whom their government has comministers of the interior and finance: "A treaty of navigation and commerce was con- text,-nay, for a purpose avowedly unrighteous to menced a war without even the shadow of a precluded with the United States on the 29th of March, the last extent. What is the real cause assigned? 1840, and presented to the Belgian chamber on the The local authorities of Canton, notoriously se fuced 20th of November, the same year, but it has not been by the cupidity for trade, countenanced by those endiscussed. It seems to be tacitly agreed between the gaged in the British trading establishments there, two governments that in the interval, they would con- had habitually evaded certain laws of the empire. tinue reciprocally to treat their vessels in a favora- designed and calculated for the good of the people. ble manner. This provisional state of things was The government remonstrated with characteristic entirely to the advantage of the United States, as ap-kindness,-and visited disobedience with reiterated pears from the following table: admonitions,-until emboldened by impunity on one hand and encouraged by British armaments on the other, they bid defiance to the authorities of their government. This practical rebellion was no longer to be endured, and the government at length took measures to enforce obedience by forfeiting to destruction the whole accumulated mass of the poison which those traders were notoriously conspiring to alties for attempting to evade the laws. John Bull smuggle into the empire, and by increasing the penwas about to lose a profitable traffic-and rather than lose it, a war is waged against the largest empire on the globe. The rea Importations from Exports from Belgium the U. States. Francs. 14,103,259 7,612,554 20,188,884 to the U. States. Franes. 1,916,687 2,526,869 1,946,686 2,559,095 Belgian ships that went Years, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 19,321,766 U. States' ships ar- to the U. States. The war is waged accordingly-and they have succeeded in destroying the lives of many thousand 73 25,904 of the Chinese, they have burnt and destroyed "The American government seems to have thought much of their property-and levied contributions of that there being no treaty in force, it might lawfully many millions of dollars upon their cities, and that cease to treat Belgian ships as belonging to a favored too, without much loss on their part, in battle. But nation, and it has acted on this idea towards the British like our campaigns in Florida, it is not in the list of Queen, and the Mercator, another Belgian vessel. killed and wounded that we are to look for the fearThe provisional state of things, which seemed to be ful ravages upon the assailing armies. We must accepted by the two governments, and was peculiar-turn to the HOSPITALS for the melancholy detail of ly advantageous to the United States, has therefore actual loss. Whole regiments of the re-inforcing ceased. The Belgian laws are as imperative as the troops recently embarked from England for China, American laws, and if our ships are not favored in are already said to have been swept off by disease the American ports, our law orders that the Ameri- incident to the climate. can ships shall be treated in the same manner in our [Boston Com. Adv. MEXICO. RELATIVE STRENGTH OF THE TEXAN AND MEXICAN FLEETS. From the New Orleans papers we gather the following statement of the naval force of the two belligerents. The Texian squadron at the present time, consists of four vessels, viz: The ship Austin, bearing the broad pennant of commodore Moore, mounting eighteen 24 pounders and two 18 pounders. The Brig Wharton, Capt. J. K. Lothrop-sixteen 18 pounders. Schr. San Antonio, W. Seeger, lieutenant commanding-seven 12 pounders. Sch. San Bernard, D. H. Crisp, lieut. commanding-seven 12 pounders. Every gun on the Texan vessels throws shot far superior to the celebrated paixhan shot in many particulars, and far more destructive. The Mexican squadron is as follows; The steamer Montezuma, mounting two 68 pounders and eight 32 pounders, all paishan guns. The steamer Guadaloupe-two 68 pounders-paixhan guns. The old "City of Dublin" steamer-2 18 pounders. Schooner Eagle-one 32, and six 18 pounders paixhan_guns. Brig Yucetano-twelve 18 pounders and two 12 pounders. Brig Champecheano-one 18 pounder and six 12 TEXIAN INDEPENDENCE. Well do we remember being in the town of Washington, on the Brasos river, (Texas) on the night when the Declaration of The Boston Courier says-We have seen the ori- Independence was signed. It was a night of alarm ginal letter, from which the following is an extract. and confusion. The disastrous news of the fall of ports." It was written by a merchant of Boston., who has re- the Alamo of the death of Travis, Bowie and The New York Journal of Commerce states that sided some years in Canton, and whose veracity can- Crocket, was brought at sun-down by a messenger We the tonnage duty charged on the British Queen, of not be doubted, dated "Canton, May 24, 1842. In hot and furious from the seat of massacre. of which the Belgian government complains, has al- China the British forces have made religion and civ-give therefore, with more than common pleasure, ready been refunded to the consul of that govern-ilization, in the eyes of the Chinese, synonymous the names, age, place of nativity, and last residence ment, and that no doubt exists that our relations will with murder and rapine. Violating women, who before emigration to Texas of the delegates who be restored to their former footing, immediately committed suicide immediately afterwards-breaking signed the Declaration of Independence of the reon that fact being known to the government of Bel- to pieces monuments erected to the memory of the public of Texas, convened in the town of Washinggium. dead-digging up and mutilating bodies--protecting ton, on the 2d March, 1836. Ages Place nativity. Last residence. I James Collingworth, 30 35 Asa Brighamn, 46 Mass. J. D. S. Byrone, 38 Francisco Ruez, J. Antonio Navarro, 41 N. Carolina. Arkansas. W. D. Laos, 28 Kentucky, "In these short campaigns the Texans have lost I remain, Messrs. Elitors yours very respectfully, continued, as he has been since the congress of Ghent 1814, now twenty eight years, in the foreign diplo macy of his country, during which time he has established a character respected at home and abroad." [Galignani's (Paris) Messenger. Traders' claims IOWA INDIAN TREATY. against the Indians. The claims, as presented by the The states of Hanover have granted eleven mil- traders against the Indians at the late treaty, amountlions of Prussian crowns (£1,500,000) for a generai ed to the sum of $312,366 24-amount allowed The Indians railway system of sixty German iniles. $258,566 34-difference $53.799 50. The wheat crop of France in 1842 has almost doubl-pay $200,000 of these demands and the government ed itself during the last thirty years, and that of pota- the balance, $58,566 34. toes is five-fold, during the same period. Tennessee. The Siecle mentions a serious quarrel as having Tennessee. The greater portion of the town of Zechanow, in [Iowa Gazette. PRESENTATION OF THE MEXICAN MINISPER. Gen Almonte, the envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the republic of Mexico, presented to the president by the acting secretary of state, he delivered the following address. "The letter which I have the honor to place in your excellency's hands, sufficiently manifests the sentiments of true friendship which animate his excellency, the president of the Mexican republic, towards the government of these United States. I can assure your excellency that mine are in perfect accordance with these, and that during the period of my stay in this country, as the representative of my nation, I will omit no endeavour to consolidate the friendship Tennessee. A rich mine of yellow amber, of a hardness equal between the two nations, which by their political imN.Carolina. to rock crystal, has just been discovered in the neigh-portance, in this hemisphere, by the similarity of their Georgia. borhood of the town of Zehderick, near Potsdam.-institutions, and for other reasons. no less worthy to New York. This discovery is the more remarkable, as up to the be considered, but which it would take much time to Louisiana. present time yellow amber has only been found in N.Carolina the Baltic, or on the shores of that sea. Kentucky. Tennessee. Louisiana. Tennessee Tennessee, Tennessee. 26 Pennsylvania, Penn. 58 Virginia, Missouri. EO. Le Grand, 28 Georgia, Georgia. 63 Virginia, Virginia. 73 N. Carolina, 37 Geo. W. Barnet, 43 James G. Swisher, S. Rhoades Fisher, Georgia. NATIONAL AFFAIRS. APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESIDENT. S. M. Cochran, of Baltimore, for Maracaibo, in CONSUL. President Tyler has officially recog- enumerate, are called to remain in a state of constant amity, and good understanding with each other, not only for the promotion of their reciprocal welfare, but also from the fact that they are the protectors and perpetuators of true republican principles, in the vast American continent. May providence favor my desires." To which the president replied as follows: It affords me pleasure to receive you as the repre sentative of the Mexican republic, and nothing will be wanting on my part, compatible with the honor of the United States, to encourage that friendly feeling between the two countries which you represent to be the chief object of your mission. Every motive of public interest leads me to hope, that your mission will be signalized by confirming and strengthening the bonds of amity and friendship which should always exist between neighboring states, and nothing shail be wanting on my part to bring about so desirable an end." [Madisonian Oct. 28. 31 N. Carolina, 41 29 From the New Orleans Bee we extract: Consulate of the republic of Mexico. New Orleans, Nov. 9, 1842. Messrs. Editors of the Bee. Trusting to your impartiality, I request you to re-publish an account of the late successes of the Mexican army at San Antonio de Befar, which I have extracted from official documents, received per schrs. Emblem and Creole, and dated Matamoros, 20th October. "On the 11th of September, early in the morning, Gen. Woll, with a force of six hundred cavalry and four hundred infantry, took possession of San Antomo de Lejar. One hundred and fifty Texans entrenched themselves in the houses of the public square; but upon learning that a part of the Mexican army was marching upon them, seventy-eight of their number made their escape, and seventy-two resistance. Those who fled will probably escape, as they were favored by a dense fog. surrendered at discretion after an hour's fruitless "On the 18th three hundred Texans approached San Antonio. Gen. Woll left the town with a part of his forces to give them battle, when the Texans commenced a retreat. After retiring about three ani a half leagues, being overtaken by the Mexican troops, they formed behind an impe etrable copse upon the Arroyosalado, and prepared to defend themselves. General Woll engaged them, and during the action perceived that a hundred and fifty Texans had attacked his rear. He immediately despatched colonels Montero, Rangel and Carrasso, with two squadrons of the regiments of cavalry of Santa Anna and a small field piece, who, after a quarter of an hour's action, killed one hundred and twenty Texans, took fifteen prisoners and wounded five. "Those who were upon the Arroyosalado, after having suffered great loss, retreated, and were not pursued, as night intervened, and the Mexicans required rest, having eaten nothing during the whole day. Upon this short paragraph the Globe of Monday evening makes a commentary of some length, the pith and marrow of which is contained in the following extracts: OF THE WAR AND NAVY DEPART Washington, November 15, 1842. The following regulation for working-hours throughout the year having been agreed upon by the secretaries of the departments of war and of the navy, and having been approved by the president of the United States, is to be observed at the armories, arsenals, and ordnance depots, at the fortifications, "The executive now returns to the democratic and all other places where men are employed by friends he had left, surrounded by a body guard noto-officers belonging to the war department; and at the rious, of late years for the most excessive hostility navy yards and stations. to those whom they now affect to call friends. What solitary instance do we see of a public trust of any importance reposed in any new bands, except they be of the old federal school, or of the new one of apostates from the democracy? We ask our demo cratic brethren to look round them, and see, to whom the president has confided the influential positions of the government. Are they confided to such men as the democratic majorities, which have recently spoken throughout the Union, would call to such places? If the democratic party can answer in the afirmative, then we may admit that the president has given earnest of a sincere disposition to return to the friends he had left. During the months of May, June, July and Angust, the signal for commencing work will be given at 6 A. M.-the signal for recess, at 12 M.-the signal to re-commence, at 1 P. M.-and the signal to close work for the day, at 6 P. M During the remainder of the year the signal to commence work will be given at 7 A. M. or at sunrise when later than 7-the signal for recess, at 12 M.-the signal to re-commence, at 12 hours 45 minutes M., and the signal to close work for the day, at 6 P. M., or at sunset when earlier than 62. The time rolls will be kept as usual. At the end of each month the whole working time will be added up, and will determine the number of days to be "But what does the official of this morning an- entered on the pay rolls, averaging the day at ten nounce on the subject of this renewal of good fel- working hours. Thus in the month of May, June, lowship with the democracy, which major Noah July and August, the working time of cach 24 hours (himself a repentant simmer, and a peculiar favorite will make a day and a tenth, and in the winter with the existing powers) was chosen to proclaim? months, it will make less than a day. Each workThe public mind has been filled with anticipations by man is to be credited on the pay rolls for as many the intimations of the Madisonian, New York Herald and days as his working time includes periods of ten the personal confidants of the president, that the way to this return to his ancient friends was to be opened up J. C. SPENCER, secretary of war. A. P. UPSHUR, secretary of navy. by a new cabinet. The names of Cass and Stevenson have been held up for the premiership, and under The foregoing regulation is published for the inforsuch auspices, the Boston stump givea to the govern- mation and government of the army. R. JONES, j't gen. By order: ment was to be removed. But it seems this refor-i mation is adjourned. Official notice of the impor- War department, adj't gen's office, Nov. 17, 1842. tant fact is thus promulgated in the Madisonian of THE NAVY. this morning," &c. hours. The United States steam frigate Mississippi, after DIPLOMATIC.-"Christopher Hughes, Ameri- running for 11 months without an accident, has been can charge d'affaires at the llague, has arrived at laid up in ordinary at the navy yard, Charlestown, Paris, hotel Tronchet, Rue Tronchet. Mr. Hughes under charge of an assistant engineer. Capt. Salter is the only example of an American citizen being has been detached. Commander Franklin Buchanan has taken command of the sloop-of-war Vincennes, now fitting out at the Brooklyn navy yard, for the coast of Africa, and the officers of the Mississippi have also been ordered to the Vincennes. The new sloop-of-war Saratoga, now at Portsmouth, N. H, will also proceed to Africa, as the flag-ship of capt. Gregory, the commander of the squadron on that coast. These two vessels, with the Vandalia, capt. Ramsay, and the Somers, commander A. Slidell Mackenzie, now on that coast, will about make up the force of 80 guns, which, by the late treaty, the United States have pledged themselves to keep on the AfriThe steam frigate Fulton, capt. Cooper, has also been laid up at the Brooklyn navy yard, and the expectation is, that the Missouri, on her arrival here, will share the same fate.-New York American, Nov. 22. can coast. The United States steam frigate Missouri sailed for Vera Cruz on the 8th instant; officers and crew We TEXAS. We notice that the remarks of Mr. John Quincy Adams touching the probability that Texas will be annexed to these United States are exciting attention among many reflecting men. have not very closely weighed the arguments in favor of such a conclusion, but we are free to avow our belief that there are many persone of influence in this country who look to such a proceeding, and consequently favor all action abroad and at home which excites sympathy for Texas and hostili ty towards Mexico. The U. States need no part of Texas. If she can maintain her independence of Mexico (which we hope and believe) let her exist as a substantive nation. But we trust that she will never minister to the means of making laws for the U. States. Certainly she cannot long in peace do it for all the U. States. [U. S. Gazette, 20th Nov. THE TEXAN QUESTION. The condition of this new state is evidently becoming exceedingly perilous, and the probability strong, if not of its direct subjugation, yet of its gradual ruin, by repeated Mexican invasions, which her poverty and her want of a vigorous government, permit her not to repel: so that, wasting gradually away, and abandoning her present wide limits, her population will be com elled either to concentrate themselves within such a territory as they can defend, and there gave themselves more vigorous laws, or, in their scattered condition, yield gradually, 'till these predatory incursions turn into fixed possessions, and they submit, region after region, to Mexican conquest. We successive chiefs, from Jackson to Tyler, may have The country itself, whose more unanimous public 84,061 5.445 6,294 [Newark Daily Advertiser. NEW JERSEY FINANCES. According to the treasurer's late report, are in a very flourishing condition. The receipts for the year amount to $125,700, all derived from the usual sources of revenue, ex cept $1,600 from the state prison, and $1,250 from the tax on the Paterson and Hudson River railroad. Of this, $41,000 have been appropriated to the payment of temporary loans. The amount due the school fund is $93,926 62. Balance in the treasurer's hands, $10,871 54. The state expenses for the year have been $73,282 46, being $9,000 less than the expenses of the previous year. So much for the economy and prudence of its administration. PENNSYLVANIA. SHARE IN THE PROCEEDS OF THE PUBLIC LANDS. Such are, at present, the larger aspects of the question. What particular steps the actual administration has taken, in advance of the approaching session of congress, we scarcely know. A squadron is supposed to have been ordered to Vera Cruz. This is, of course, but done as a precautionary measure. Its aspect, however, is rendered less pacific by the fact of posting a force on the coast of the invading, not the invaded country. Our own relations with Mexico are by no means friendly. The administration is obviously disposed to make or to seize the occasion of a foreign war, for the purpose, like Santa We understand, says the Keystone, that his excellen Anna, of strengthening itself at home. Its two more confidential organs at Washington and New York-cy, governor Porter, has received official information people little addicted to having or hazarding any the accounting officers have adjusted the accounts of from the treasury department at Washington, that thoughts of their own-have let it be clearly seen the several states and territories, under the act of that the executive is bent on taking sides with Texas. congress entitled: "An act to appropriate the proceeds It seems to be apprehended that there will be Eu-of the sales of public lands and to grant pre-emption ropean interference if we take part. As to this, we rights," approved Sept. 4, 1841. The amount found are clear that England has already done all that she due the state of Pennsylvania, we learn, is $60,313, is like to do. To check the southern extension of which will be paid upon application. Mr. Mann, the our territory, she has probably even now subsidized state treasurer, is the authorised agent to receive it. Mexico; and this, she will continue to do. If she attempts to interfere by arms, her rival will do the same; and it will be Texas, the United States and BANKS. The Bank of Virginia and the Farmer' France, against Mexico and England. She will back, Bank of Virginia have made official reports of their Mexico by negotiation and loans; but she will not condition on the first of the present month. Compamake open cause with her. VIRGINIA. red with the condition of those institutions a year ago What, in the imbecile and distracted counsels that that is, on the 1st of November, 1841, the reports It is show that a large reduction has been made in their we have, will be done, is extremely uncertar. exceedingly questionable, whether we ought to in- liabilities the past year. For instance, the report of terfere; and still more questionable if we shall, whe- the Bank of Virginia, shows that during the past year it has called in of its outstanding debt $943,171 22 ther we ought or not. and decreased its circulation $739,562. Upon the considerations more strictly domestic, and especially those which regard the south, we may touch at another time. There are not wanting some very high ones, and yet but little submitted to the [Rich. Whig of 22d. public view. STATES OF THE UNION. NEW YORK. OF DOLLARS. In spite of the contempt in which, since the slaughter of San Jacinto, we have held the Mexican arms, yet late events have made it apparent that the rival states are most unequally matched. National valor is vain, without the material resources of modern warfare. Forces, however brave, that cannot keep the field, must yield, at last, to even meanly appointed armies, supported out of a very superior popula- Buffalo may be judged of by the report of that of the tion, and supplied with the means of offence. While week ending the 12th inst. The total value of the reSanta Anna shall retain his present sway, which he ceipts of the week was estimated at over ONE MILseems to be every day consolidating, and which is, LION Amongst the principal articles indeed, we are persuaded, a great good to Mexico- there were 61,449 bbls. of flour; 182,100 bushels of he will evidently pursue his present policy, always wheat; 12,300 bushels of corn; 2,121 bbls. beef and so useful to the master of a despotic state whose do- pork; 1,811 bbls. whiskey; 1,811 bbls. seed; 8,420 kegs minion at home is not yet secure-that of occupying butter, 1,044 boxes and 900 casks cheese, &c. &c. in foreign wars the turbulent spirits who might re- Flour selling at $3 30; wheat 62 cents for good sist him at home. If, then, he retains his present qualities. mastery over Mexico, which this very contest aids him to keep, Texas will probably be overpowered, unless she finds, not merely an irregular assistance from our people, but the direct support of our gov. The apportionment bill passed divides the state into Whether this shall or shall not be formal- five districts, whose population, and the vote given in ly afforded is a question which must now, in all pro- them at the late election, were as follows: It is time that we were consibability, soon arise. dering it. Powers far remoter than we and less concerned by mere sympathies (we mean England and France) have probably-because their's is a far seeing policy, and approaching questions rarely find them debating when action should have begun-already marked out to themselves their course. of them, it is somewhat more than suspected, has already afforded Mexico indirect aid, by countenancing her public loans. And both are said, upon probable authority, to have determined upon jointly mediating between the contending states. ernment. One Our own government-which can scarcely be said to have a policy on any subject-has fluctuated in all i's views of what concerns the new republic. The FIRST DISTRICT. NEW JERSEY. SECOND DISTRICT. Dabney'- debt ($535,624 41) being charged to profit and loss, this item (expenses deducted) in 1842, was only $57,825 74, while in the previous year it was $526,375 84; and it has paid its deposits the amount of $403,015. The present debt due to the bank is $4,491,877; its specie $862 136; stocks $129,135; real estate $351,181. Its capital $3,644,100; circulation $2,217,739; deposites $541.823. During the year the Farmers' Bank of Virginia has called in of its outstanding debt the sum of $857,854; and decreased its circulation $747,600; paid of its is $4,372,098; its specie $805,515; stocks $118,477; deposits $203,037. The present debt due the bank state loan $99,000; real estate $217,679. Its capital, $2,608,325; circulation $1,959,902; deposites 739,273. EXCHANGE BANK OF VIRGINIA.-The following is comparative view of the condition of the Exchange bank, at the periods designated: Outstanding debt 1st of October 1841 1st of Oct. 1842 $2,859,715 82 $3,422 035 57 Due by other banks Specie Circulation Due to other banks Deposites It will be seen from this statement that, like the other banks of Virginia, the Exchange has effected a considerable decrease of its habilities, as compared Iwith its cash assets within the last twelve months. BANK OF THE VALLEY.-The following is a comparative view of the condition of the bank of the Valley on the 1st of October 1841, and 1st of October 1842: In 1841, there were notes discounted $1,421,901 81; inland bills do. $260,314 43. Total $1,682,346 24. In 1842, notes discounted $1 362,609 01; inland bills do. $57,528 66. Total $1,420,137 67. Decrease of outstanding debt $262,208 57; circulation, 1841, $864,803 00; circulation, 1842, $672,429 00. Difference $192,374 00. In 1841, specie, $286,865 48, in 1842, do. $280,479 51. The Nashville Whig of Tuesday, Monroe 15th inst. gives the annexed account of the proceed-Belmont ings of that body: "The senate, on Saturday, refused to go into the Greene election of senators in congress, by a party vote.- Coschocton The senate also rejected the bill to appoint commis- Harrison sioners to investigate the affairs of the bank of the Delaware state; this bill was also rejected by a strict party vote. Marion Pickaway "In the house, on Saturday, the bill in relation to Clinton the appropriation of $200.000 for the improvement Fairfield of the rivers in East Tennessee and the western dis- Hamilton trict was read the third time and passed. The vote Crawford on the bill to extend the stay of execution on judg- Wayne ments before justices of the peace was reconsider-Clermont ed, and the bill passed, extending the stay to eight Brown months. The bill directing the state bank to receive Ross all not s under discount on the payment of interest, Hocking and authorise the suspension of specie payments on Pike notes of five dollars and under, until the 1st of Jan-Jackson uary, 1944, was indefinitely postponed, or, in other Fayette words, rejected. Highland "The two houses did not adjourn yesterday as Adams heretofore resolved upon. The prospect afforded by Huron the action of the senate yesterday morning, of dis- Erie tricting the state for congress, induced the postpone- Summit ment of the day of adjournment until to-morrow, Portage Wednesday. Sandusky 957 61 The declaration was demurred to, on the ground that 185 the cause of action was the same as in the former 180 suit, and that another suit for the recovery of the 41 same money could not be brought. The court overruled the demurrer, and in substance decided that 40 the plaintiff might bring suit on a former judgment, 171 that such judgment constituted a new and sufficient 47 cause of action, and that a recovery in such second 76 suit, would take the case out of the operation of the 11 valuation law, and place it upon the same footing 142 with debts contracted since May 1, 1841. 112 If such be the case, plaintiffs can at pleasure de36 feat the evident intention of the law, besides vexing 15 their debtors with a multiplicity of costs.—Ill. State 67 Journal. 7 FLORIDA. 40 SETTLEMENT. Now that our Indian difficulties are 80 over, we look forward to the speedy settlement of 33 East Florida. No part of the United States holds out 137 such temptations to emigrants as this peninsula, 133 whether we regard the fertility of its soil, the mildness of its climate, or the richness of its productions. 35 And these advantages are not confined to any class of emigrants; there is a field open to the poor man with 1 limited means as well as to the wealthy planter. To 4 the former, the occupation bill offers a home for noth157 ing, where he may revel in abundance and acquire 350 wealth. To the latter our rich sugar and cotton Geauga 921 2310 898 4367 2816 2097 1471 1946 LEGISLATURE. 2075 1086 1812 2594 1358 1208 1257 1982 2018 1037 1308 5879 147 "On Saturday, the house bill to apportion the con- Seneca gressional districts was rejected on its first reading Ottoway in the senate, and the result communicated by the Wood clerk to the house of representatives Subsequent-Hancock ly, however, a message was sent to the house re- Medina questing a return of the bill, which message was Lorain complied with, and yesterday the vote of rejection Franklin was reconsidered, and the bill put upon its passage. Lake An amendment in lieu of the original bill was then Guernsey moved by Mr. Turney and adopted as a compromise Trumbull measure, and the bill as amended, passed to a se- Stark cond reading. "We entertain very little doubt that the bill will pass through its subsequent stages in the senate without further amendment, and there is good reason to believe that it will be concurred in by the house. The final result cannot be known till Wednesday. "Taking the governor's election in 1841. as the Preble test, this bill assigns the first, fourth, fifth, sixth, and Clark ninth districts to the Van Buren party; and the se- Madison cond, third, seventh, eighth, tenth, and eleventh dis-Lucas tricts to the whig party. However unacceptable Richland the composition of the districts may be to a portion Scioto of the people, (and it is far from acceptable to some Shelby of their representatives who may feel bound, from a Allen' sense of duty to the whole state, to give the bill Athens their sanction,) all parties, we think, ought to re- Darke joice that the work has been, or is likely to be, ac- Gallia complished in some shape, before the adjournment of the extra session." 760 2517 1940' 88 Jands, and our almost tropical climate, present induce106 ments which are found in no other portion of our 85 country. The salubrity of East Florida is well es456 tablished by the experience of the army during the 23 last seven years, and is attested in the able reports 15 and statistics by the surgeon general of the army.6 Our waters abound with the greatest variety and 453 abundance of the finest fish, and game of every des39 cription is to he found in our forests. Oranges, and 125 nearly all the tropical fruits, may be profitably cul70 tivated, and our soil is admirably adapted to the pro51 duction of tobacco, equal to the best raised in the 47 island of Cuba. Our peninsular position confers upon us immense 3 advantages, affording us a choice of markets either by 96 the Gulf or the Atlantic; and, in addition to this, our 2 fine navigable rivers penetrate like great arteries to 3 the very heart of our country. 2 The great channel of communication between the 94 north and New Orleans must now, before long, pass 2 through East Florida. A railroad of only eighty miles 14 from St. John's river to the Gulf will connect the 3 Northern cities and New Orleans by a continuous railroad and steamboat route, which can be easily passed over in six days! This railroad will pass over a coun11 try already graded by nature, and the principal mate8 rials of the best kind are on the spot. The whole country, the north as well as the south, will require 3 this communication to be opened as soon as practicable. By it, a vast quantity of the lighter articles, now sent by the long and dangerous navigation of our lakes, will find their way to New Orleans, and the 124782 148157 129964 125621 5405 mail will be transported in half the time consumed 124782 125621 The legislature adjourned sine die on the 16th inst. After rejecting the bill from the house, for dividing Meigs the state into congressional districts, and returning Mercer it to the house, the senate sent a message asking its Paulding return, and Mr. Turney then moved a compromise Putnam bill, which was passed in senate, ayes 14, noes 10, Van Wert and in the house ayes 40 to 23 noes. It divides the Williams state into eleven districts, in six of which, the whigs at the last governor's election had majorities amounting in the aggregate to 10,588, and the Van Buren majorities in the other five amounted to 7,343. The senate refused, by a strict party vote, to go Harrison's majority 23375 into joint ballot for the election of United States senators. They passed a resolution to “appoint" J. C. McLemore, esq. a senator to congress, but the house refused to consider the resolution. The senate also by a strict party vote, refused to appoint commissioners to investigate the affairs of IMPORTANT DECISION.-A decision was made by judge Lockwood, at the late term of the Macoupin circuit court, which, if sustained, will have an imShann. Cor. King portant bearing upon the collection of debts in this 2955 3071 45 state. At a previous term, a judgment had been ob2755 193 tained upon a cause of action accruing prior to May -2809 211 1, 1841, under the act "regulating the sale of pro62 perty," commonly called the "valuation law," which 1264 73 took effect on that day, the defendants tendered real 39 estate, in satisfaction of the execution. No levy 1638 35 however was made. The plaintiff brought suit in 54 an action of debt upon the judgment in order to take 2162 94 the case out of the operation of the valuation law. Union 1545 1677 Jefferson 2218 2300 1480 1567 784 1504 on the present routes. [St. Augustine news of October 22. MISCELLANEOUS, ON THE TARIFF. We find in the New Jersey Freedonian the following correspondence between Mr. Day, one of the most extensive and successful manufacturers of india rubber in this country, and Mr. Randolph, one of the representatives in congress from New Jersey: New Brunswick, Oct. 31, 1842. DEAR SIR: In welcoming the return of a faithful representative in congress to his constituents, there are sometimes new and increased obligations imposed on the latter. This I conceive to be peculiarly the case now, in view of the great concern New Jersey had, and because of her extensive interests in agriculture and manufactures, must ever have, in the question of a protective tariff. During the recent session of congress this interest, so dear to us in common with many other states, was in imminent peril; and, sir, Ishould be deaf to the voice of praise so freely bestowed, and unobserving indeed, were I not to know that New Jersey was ably and faithfully represented by you on this vitally important question, as well as on all others involving her dignity and her true interests. Nor would I b unmindful of your arduous and highly important services as one of the committee of manufactures. from whose indefatigable investigation and able per emanated the tariff bill which has so recently, and I might add so satisfactorily to the great body of the friends of protection, become the law of the land. | GEN. JACKSON AND THE FINE IMPOSED and manifest a desire to have their children educatBY HALL. By the kindness of the member from ed; and from the known benevolence of the presiNewbury, Mr. Gibson, we are enabled to publish a dent and secretary of war, and the head of the Inletter from General Jackson, with reference to the dian bureau have we not good reason to hope that action of our legislature last June, upon the subject their efforts to this end, shall not be wanting? We of refunding to him the fine imposed by judge Hall. owe the poor Indians much in every respect, and it N. H. Patriot. is gratifying to witness that very many of our most respected fellow-citizens seem resolved to redeem the obligation. JACOB GIBSON, ESQ. Hermitage, Aug. 1st, 1842. That New Jersey is steadfast in her attachment to Whig principles in the protection of her manufactures and other departments of labor, and consequently sealing her approbation of the course of her Dear Sir: I have the pleasure to acknowledge the honored representatives, the recent election proves receipt of your letter of the 19th ult. informing me, certain: and while I congratulate you, sir, upon the that a joint resolution passed the legislature of New evidence of her approval, permit me, as a manufac- Hampshire at their June session 1842, of which you turer and as one of your constituents desiring to ex- are a member, instructing your senators in congress press his approbation, to beg you to accept the ac- and requesting your representatives to use their companying Makintosh overcoat, for which the first efforts to procure the passage of a law by conpremium was awarded at the late fair of the Ameri-gress to refund to me, with interest, the fine imposed can Institute, and which I trust will not be less ac- by judge Hall in 1815, for an alleged contempt, &c. ceptable for being of American manufacture and of &c. &c. New Jersey stamp. With very great respect, your obedient servant, HORACE H. DAY. Hen. Joseph F. Randolph, For this unsolicited interposition of the legislature For your kind expression with regard to my public NEW INDUSTRIAL MOVEMENT. In the de par ment of the N. Y. Tribune devoted to the expla nation and advocacy of the novel doctrines of Fourier on associated industry, we notice that something has been accomplished m this country on a somewhat analogous plan to that urged by the disciples of the new theory of society. It is stated, in a communication from gon. A. II. Brisbane, of Georgia that he has constructed a rail road in that state 76 miles in length, with 150 laborrers, and only a cash capital of $15.000-the laborers being the owners of the road. The cash was applied to the support of the workmen The road connects the Ockmulgee and Flint rivers. The cars are to be run for a time on wooden rails, which have been laid down, and with horses, at the rate of ten miles an hour, until, out of the profits of the road, iron rails can be substinted. In additition to this the stockholders of the road own large tracts of land. Thirty of these stockholders were poor Irishmen, who had been thrown out of work, and whom gen. Brisbane collected in Charleston, S. C. This road was comimenced in 1839. [Buffalo Adv. Nòr, 15. DEAR SIR: Your favor of the 31st ultimo, with the overcoat, came safely to hand. The excellency of the article is attested by the premium awarded, a. d is only equalled by the man er in which it has been presented as "expressive of he approbation" of my official conduct by a constituent. As such I accept! it, and return you my thanks, with the assurance of its being more highly prized by me for being of "American manufacture and of New Jersey stamp. I cannot, however, silently appropriate to myself all the merit which your partiality has bestowed. It is THE SILK CULTURE. A ta rececent agricultutrue that the bill reported by the committee on ma ral show and fair in Fredericksburg, Mr. Rees Jewry, Gazette attended the great treaty-making council nufactures "principally emanated from my pen," and, of Culpepper county, exhibited a specimen of silk between gov. Chambers and the Sacs and Foxes, and I believe, became the basis of those subsequently re-fabrics manufactured by his daughters, who also su- in his last paper has an article on the subject, from ported. The one finally acted on, however, was draughted at the treasury department, modified by perintended the culture of the silk. the committee of ways and means, and amended and The articles produced from rather less than 10 bushimproved by the joint labors of a portion of the two els of cocoons, were as follows: committees. Thus arranged the bill became a law --not a perfect one, it is true, but better and more calculated for revenue and protection than any prior! tariff. Under it the manufacturers of India rubber, several varieties of iron and glassware, and many other articles, have for the first time received a fair protection. Yet, valuable as the law is, I regret to learn that in some parts of the country "REPEAL! REPEAL!" is now the cry; and although I feel grate ful for the approval of my official acts, as evinced by the late election to which you allude, vet I do feel more grateful that "New Jersey is steadfast in all her attachments," not only to "whig principles," 12 yarks of cloth (from floss silk) value $7 00 1 shawl and 1 veil, valued at Total, $116 00 trees which is managed by his daughters, and he gives Mr. Jewry has on his farm a plantation of mulberry it as his opinion that the proceeds of his cocoonry will amount (when in full operation) to more than his entire crops of wheat and corn. His establishment is capable of producing annually, 80 to 100 bushels of This is decidedly encouraging to the silk [Richmond Compiler. Cocoons. TREATY WITH THE CHIPPEWAS. We gather the following particulars from the Detroit Advertiser of the 31st: i SACS AND FOXES. The editor of the lowa which we extract the following: "The Sacs and Foxes are perhaps the finest looking Indians on the globe- of large, athletic, and perfect forms, and most graceful carriage--and a brave, high minded and honorable set of fellows. There are few men in this world equal to the celebrated Keokuk, whose commanding oratory raised him even in his youth from the common ranks of his tribe, and placed him without hereditary right, and in despite of all competition, at the head of his nation. useful lessons in diplomacy, and many of our best Many statesmen in our own government might learn orators receive profitable instructions from this gift ed Indian. The younger son of Black Hawk is the Adonis of his tribe-and is probably the handsomest man in the world. He is six feet three or four inches high, graceful and elegant in his manners-and although weighing perhaps two hundred, he treads as lightly as an infant. Kish-ke-hosh, a chief of much distinction among them, is also a talented and fine looking man--and though brave as Caesar, he is a regular built Brummel exquisite. He usually sports an ebony cane with a gloriously large and bright brass head, which he twirls in his fingers in the most elegant style imaginable and when sitting rests his chin and lips upon the brilliant ornament, a la "the fine old English Gentleman." He is a smiling chap, and celebrated as a gallant, as your smiling gentleIt was rather amusing to witness men usually are. his efforts to come the polite thing over his brother savages. but to the protection of her manufactures." I deed, with some of the richest iron mines in the enterprize. world, and one-half of her population engaged in Imanufactures, and the other half in supplying them! with produce, how could she be otherwise? The north and the west, like the south, must make the tariff paramount to mere political considerations. It is with pleasure we announce the safe arrival Protection must become the question which no par- of Mr. Stuart, the superintendant of Indian affairs, ty nor politician shali dare to negative for any cause who left this city two months since, to hold a treaty whatever; then repeal, repeal," will be an idle cry, with the Chippewa Indians of Lake Superior. And and the interests of home industry be permanent and we are happy in being able to announce the fact that secure. But this interest," as you remark, was re- this important treaty has been consummated on cently in imminent peril,"greater, I think, than is terms highly favorable to the United States. Michigenerally supposed. At the last session of congress, gan will be particularly benefitted by it. All the when the tariff question was embarrassed with the Indian lands within the boundaries of our state are compromise act, the transmutation of parties, the now ceded to the United States. By this treaty, Every night the Indian camp was converted into connexion with the land bill, and the vetoes of the about fifteen millions of acres are ceded; about & a vast ball room- and every variety of dances know a executive, it seems almost a miracle that any law on millions of which lie in Michigan, and 7 millions in among them from the "clothing of the dead." to the the subject should have been passed. How it did Wiskonsan. There will now be opened up to the flat boat "double-shuffle," were performed by them. pass, or to whom belongs the credit, it is unnecessa-enterprise of our citizens, the extensive and valua- The squaws have no part in these amusements, and ry to particularize. The bill became a law through ble mineral region on Lake Superior, containing the usually manifest but little curiosity to witness their many difficulties, much labor, and great perseverance. purest copper ore any where known, and besides, in performances. It is any thing but dancing, accordIn its present shape, with the land clause out, it had the Vieux Deserts district, where minerals were not ing to our notions, consisting as it does of violent originally but few friends; and it required some supposed to exist, silver ore has been discovered; but stamping on the ground to the measured beat of a nerve and patriotism to go in advance on that point. as no thorough examination has yet been made as to drum-a regular tearing of the earth-or, as a MisTo those who thus stood forth, as well as to those its quality or abundance, we are authorised only to sissippi indictment expresses it, "kicking up a d-d who saved the bill in its passage, are alike due the say that the indications are thought favorable. The fuss generally"-though there is system in it, and gratitude of the country. A portion of the New inexhaustible and valuable fisheries of Lake Supe- we noticed that the dancers preserve excellent time Jersey and Pennsylvania delegations claims the me- rior will now also be within the control of our peo- The chiefs and braves are the principal performers. rit of preventing the passage of any bill of partial ple; and we hazard little in saying that a vast and in these scenes. In addition to the beating of the operation, by refusing under any circumstances to lucrative business will soon be established in fish-drum, the dancers are enlivened by perhaps the wildvote for such a measure. Without general concert se- erics, between us and that hitherto but partially est and most hideous yells that ever issued from the veral members mutilated their old bills by striking the known region of country. It is said that much of land clause out, and determined that the bill should the soil between Lake Superior and Green Bay, is be offered in that shape the first opportunity. Mr. Me- of excellent quality-that it is all well watered, and Kennau, of Pennsylvania, had the good fortune to its lakes and rivers abound with fish. obtain the floor, and upon his motion the present bill was adopted by way of amendment. throats of human beings. And although a good Christian might think that all Pandemonium had been turned loose upon our prairies, yet strange to say, there is music in the horrid compound. When All the country between Lake Superior and the all things are put into full blast-the drum beating Mississippi, for some distance above Fort Snelling, the dancers moving-and the singers yellingDid time permit, I should like to inform you of is now purchased by the United States except a small hundreds of Indian dogs join in the delightful chothe many members to whom the country owes much and valuable district yet owned by the Menomonees, rus, and it is then that the air is made redolent with in this matter; but I have already extended this let-between Green Bay and Fort Winnebago. It is said savage sound which makes the listener quake while ter much beyond my intention, and will therefore that by this treaty, some provisions have been made he laughs at the superlatively ludicrous character of conclude. Your most obedient servant, for ameliorating the condition of the Indians; and it the whole scene before him. The younger members is gratifying, also, to learn that those wretched peo- of the tribe amuse themselves, some by aping the ple begin to appreciate the value of civilization, dancers at a respectful distance, and others by JOS. F RANDOLPH. Horace H. Day, esq |