Besides the above there veri year 5,436 barrels and 3 715 hogsheads, 7,772 ban corn meal. We subjoin the inspected welve years: GEORGIA. SPECIAL ELECTION to fill the vacancy occasionthe death of Mr. Habersham, has no doubt rein favor of the whig candidate CRAWFORD, his opponent MCDOUGALD. In thirty-two counrawford's majority is over four thousand votes. Barrels. He hon. John McPherson Berrien, U. S. senator 587.875 Georgia, has written a letter to some friends at anah, in which he says, "I ask 'the whig party atham county' to believe,-I entreat my 'friends neighbors,' to feel and to be assured, that the itutional rights of an American senator, shall be sacrificed in my person," This letter is by of a reply to the late resolutions of the Georgia ature. ears. 830, 31, 544.373 -32. 513.674 33, 524.620 34, 490.733 35, 516.600 36, 393.924 7. ITED STATES SENATOR RE-ELECTED. Hon. A. P. was on the 19th ult. re-elected a senator of Inited States for the state of Alabama, for the of six years from the 4th of March next, when Inspection of leasesent term of service will expire. leather and rough skirt Inspection of buller Kegs. 13.989 ter 26,657 40,646 bbls. ES OF UNITED STATES LANDS POSTPONED. The tent of the United States has directed that the of the public lands in the state of Alabama, : were advertised to take place at the land offices ntsville and Lebanon, in January and February, postponed until April and May next. 13 LD. The East Alabamian says: The broken in some parts of Randolph and Tallapoosa Inspection of beef and pies, are said to abound with the precious mineIn the latter county, a considerable number of s have recently made entries of land with a to commence mining operations immediately. old is found, we are informed, in what miners 'rock veins," and a yield is obtained by crush 4.488 9,313 13,831 Inspection of of tobacco remaining wts. per day to the hand. In a short time, we New surplus fund es in the city of Balenient expectations, the pure bullion will be profits of the institution spected during the yeRENCHMENT. ary, 1842 vicinity. In transitu between mother bank and branches Dorted and consumed dges of the supreme court from $2,600 to| each, to include the labor of reporting their 712 187 216 72 $5,544 $2,668 1,720 695 123 $39,901 31 202,529 05 } 242 86 6 $5,544 [The foregoing statement is certified by fiv and on the 31st De>ns; the salaries of the circuit judges and chan-directors, and sworn to by the cashier.] inspected during be from $2.000 to $1,500 each. The retrench OHIO BANKS. Twelve of the specie payin of Ohio, whose charters expired on the 31st ceased to do business. We learn from the Ci Gazette that the legislature of Ohio has not fused to extend their charters, for business p but with a spirit of severity which it is difficu count for, have declined to continue the exis the charters for the purpose of winding up The effect of this (adds the Gazette) will be calamitous to the banks, to their debtors, an public-chiefly on account of the confusion a of confidence it will occasion-for we doubt so far as the collection of debts is concern courts of equity will do substantial justice, in though proceedings will be circuitous, ex is and oldest member of the house is 60 years of age, and vexations. moter caral ungest 25. Oldest member of the senate 57, est 31. The aggregate capital of the twelve specie banks whose charters expired on the 01 This being the period of the year at which the banks of most of the states are required to make their ment shall take place in the value of the pledged annual reports of condition to the legislatures of the respective states in which they are situated, we appro- stocks. No sales have yet been made of them, expriate space for a condensed view of their affairs in this number so far as we have had recent returns, cept by one house in London: and in regard to that excluding of course those that we had previously inserted. Hereafter we design to keep the Register house, it has been stated, that the sales were made posted up on this topic, with more system than it ever yet has been. We learn that the brief but compre- to reimburse itself for heavy advances made to the hensive paragraphs we give weekly in the Chronicle or last page of each number, under the captions of Bank back at an important crisis of its affairs, and for items-Stocks-Exchanges and those of the principle staples of the country, Cotton-Flour-Tobacco-Wheat which sales express authority was previously given. &c. &c., are found to be exceedingly useful. The trouble and time which is required to collect from so many An offer from two houses in England, to credit the sources and condense into so small a space can hardly be conceived by those that have never been tasked with such labor. Yet it contributes to make the publication useful for the time being and valuable for reference. We design in future to generalize from those items from time to time. Comparative view of the condition of all the banks of the United States, near the commencement of each year from 1834 to 1840, inclusive. From treasury document, No. III, reported to the house of reresentatives, on the 3d. March, 1841. P bank with certain stocks, at a price named, and which was considerably above the market price, has also been accepted. Through these operations, the following change in the foreign indebtedness has been brought about: Foreign indebtedness Jan. 1842, do. Jan. 1943, Do. $15,866,141 11 14,241,895 88 94,839,570 103,692.495 140,301,035 149,185,890 116,138,910 135,170,995 106,968,572 Par, 40,000 00 Penn. 6's $1,638.950 80 26,637 28 $1,665 588 08 Less expenses, 231,481 48 Hazleton coal com. 15,672 0 0 225,000 00 Farmers' loan and 40 Trust com. 18,810 15 9 35,786 66 Remittances Com. 829 840 901 bank Natchez, 8,052 0 0 Aggregate of bank ac counts, Agg'e. of investments supposed to yield in come, Excess of such investments beyond am't of capital paid in, Aggregate of deposites and circulation, Aggregate of deposites, circulation and sums due other banks, Agg'e of specie, specie funds. notes of other banks, and sums due by other banks, Excess of immediate li abilities beyond immediate means, Total of means of all kinds, Total of liabilities, ex- Total of liabilities of the 41,342 65 $1,624,245 23 The hon. R. H. Bayard stated, speaking in reference to the assignment of the 4th of September, for the information of the meeting, that the circulation had been reduced $1,800,000. That the outstanding notes of the bank, certificates of deposites, &c. are now about $2,530,000. He added that the trustees of the third assignment were about to file a 197,103,849 225,716,438 305,807,847 339,004,193 261,845,680 278,546,649 226,822,044 statement of their accounts, when it would be found that they had made a net collection of $1,038,690, in United States bank notes, and a net collection inj current funds of $32,981; and that there would be a per cent. upon judgments anterior to the trusts. 76,126,317 108,169,783 128,811,763 139,479,277 119,217,428 129,016,563 98,667,105 dividend to be made from these receipts of about ten A statement showing the ascendancy of party, from 1830. N. Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, R. Island, 121,121,990 144.923 996 281,404 712 313,143,364 260.825,773 288,357 389 270,100,227 Connecticut, 72 644 656 82 606,194 108,185 9 0 112,652 363 91.171.652 107,793,029 86,170,680 New York, Pennsylvania, UNITED STATES BANK LOANS IN EN- the amount borrowed about half a million, the stocks New Jersey, GLAND. The subject of the loan to the U. States then being in good credit, and the states paying their Delaware, bank, in 1839, by capitalists in London and Paris, interest annually. These securities, it is stated, are Maryland, yet excites a good deal of attention. It appears that all held by the parties, at the present time, who are D. of Columbia, S. Jaudon, on behalf of the bank, borrowed nine compelled to look there only for their pay-the United Virginia, N. Carolina, hundred thousand pounds sterling, or about four and States bank having failed. It is impossible to state S. Carolina, a half millions of dollars, at the rate of six per cent. what these stocks would bring on a forced sale possi- Georgia, per annum, payable one half on the 1st. of October, bly not much more than half a million of dollars, the Florida, 1841, and the other half the 1st. of October, 1842, for largest item being bonds of the state of Mississippi, Alabama, which he lodged in the hands of the Messrs. Roth- which state has repudiated their payment. Louisiana, child, the following securities, viz: [Bicknell. Mississippi, 5 per cent Pennsylvania Tennessee, $1 325,906 16 1,570,000 00 Kentucky, 316,000 00 nual meeting of the stockholders was held on MonMissouri, 108,000 00 day. 2d January, H. C. Corbit, in the chair, and Jos. 250,000 00 R. Chandler, secretary. 1,431,000 00 J. Robertson, president of the board of directors, Michigan, submitted a report principally in regard to the fo5,000,906 16 reign indebtedness of the bank, and the stocks pledgIn case of the failure to meet principal or interest, ed for its security. Great forbearance has been exthe holders were authorised to re-imburse themselves ercised by the foreign creditors, and a continuance by sales. It appears that the amount pecged, exceeds of that forbearance is hoped for, till an improve Of the 318 banks chartered from January 1st, 1830, to If any one can devise an immediate plan whereby would be the consequence of taking the improper the people can get rid of about $700,000 of paper course which was taken, but the people would retrash, he will be entitled to the name of a public benefactor. [Bicknell. gard none of their admonitions. The storm was BANKS IN NEW JERSEY. The people of Stewarts. engendered from dire moral, and physical, and poliville, Warren county, New Jersey, are agitating the tical causes, and swept over the land, levelling in its Capital establishment of a bank at that place, with a capital course many a tall cedar and proud spire that had authoris'd of $100,000. That we consider decidedly contrary lifted their heads high over the earth. There have to the current of the day. been truly "turnings,-and overturnings,-and overturnings." The loftiest have been brought down as if to fulfill the penalty of their pride;-the ardour of every enterprize has been arrested, as if to teach prudence as the first of lessons. ALABAMA BANKS. The following is the amount of circulation and specie of the mother bank of Tuscaloosa and each of the branches, on the 1st November, 1842 Circulation. THE FINANCIAL STATE OF THE COUNTRY. R. Island, 2,482,184 Connecticut, Specie. 405,927 New York, 61 17,229,107 Pennsylvania, 44,048.149 Decatur, 914.562 297.416 5,458,000 Maryland, 4,584,900 12 13,539,605 Mobile, Virginia, 1,140.000 Georgia, Florida, 9,725,000 47,334,000 20,450.000 Alabama, 13,815.466 4.863 000 Illinois, 2.800.000 But has not the cup of suffering been sufficiently drained? How much have we yet to apprehend? We suffered from expansion. We have now suffered from contraction,-and that too, we think, nearly our full measure. The period of renewed confidence and of wholesome credit is again about to dawn upon us-provided the government adheres to its existing policy. We have taken, or have partly taken and partly been driven into a very slow and very severe process to arrive at the present point. But here we are, like Sampson with his hair once more in curl. Let us only keep off the scissors of Delilah, and we care for none of the Philistines. What is the ground of our confidence in this renovation? Now look at their condition. Those that have We adventured an opinion in anticipation of the annual exhibit of the condition of the public finances of both the general and our own state government, that the period of the greatest financial embarrass ment and sufferings, which the course of policy pur1,767.375 20,410,000 sued by the people and governments of this country 9,264.640 for the last twelve years has precipitated us all into, 1,980,000 had been endured,-or is now at its worst; that conLook at the changing circumstances that surround 62.478.285 fidence, both at home and abroad, had sunk very far us. Little over twelve months ago all the banks of below what the real condition of things by any the union south and west of New York had suspendmeans justified; and that if the law which was en-ed specie payments, and it was thought by more than $205,650,615 acted at the last session of congress with a view of half of the community impossible for scarcely any preventing in future any undue influx of foreign com- of them to retrieve their credit. An inveterate hosmodities from inundating us and hereby creating an tility to their existence was widely manifested,-disunfriendly inequality between our exports and our trust was universal. imports, draining the specie from our circulation, (to prevent which we hold to be an indispensa- been able to weather the storm, have not only reble duty of every government;)-if the AMERICAN sumed specie payments, but most of them exhibit TARIFF be left to its due operations-unrepealed nor ample proofs that they have more specie in vaults virtually destroyed under the pretext of modifying than notes in circulation. Take Maryland banks as it, we repeat with renewed confidence from a an instance-look at their statements which we pubcareful view of many additional data, that the lish, abbreviated, in this number. Statements made worst of this financial tornado has passed,—and that under oath and of the accuracy of which no doubts a wholesome and comparatively comfortable condican reasonably be entertained. The war against tion of currency, trade and credit, and consequently of banks is no longer waged in Maryland. An exhibit business in general, is gradually approaching; and of three million of specie for one and a quarter milapproaching us too, not through the medium of any lion of circulation, has cured all cavil. How much temporary expedients-either in the form of banks, have the people of Maryland suffered within three fiscal agents, exchequers, or resort to an issue years by a depreciated currency,-including bank of national stocks for the payment of state and notes, rail road orders, canal script, and individual corporate debts,-upon no fictitious basis of any issues? Can any man tell? Yet they have endured kind;-but upon the inherent energies and capaci- it all. From further loss of that kind, there is at ties of the country,-energies and capacities, which present no apprehension. Our Maryland currency are able of themselves, and in fact, which have of is now as wholesome as any in the union. themselves, in spite of the folly of both governments What we say of Maryland, will proportionably apand communities, worked us through the worst of ply to most of the other states. The war against the storm. Our people have suffered our whole banks has not ceased in all of the states-but the end people, except salaried officers, have suffered ex- of the war is manifestly at hand. Confidence is receedingly in the process. Thousands of indviduiuls stored towards those banks that have survived-that once wealthy, have been utterly ruined. Institu- is an important item-losses from depreciated notes tions that were doing well for themselves and for have been tremendous upon the country. others, have been swept as with the besom of de- The domestic exchanges too, by which business $25,000 struction. The most active and enterprising men of men have so exceedingly suffered,—and to cure the 45,787 the land have been the greatest sufferers. Some ex- evils, of which, nothing but a national bank, fiscal 62,500 pedients perhaps if adopted, might have averted agent, exchequer, or some such contrivance was by 100,000 much of the evil, but most of it was no doubt in many supposed to be adequate, and which furnished evitable. The people had become infatuated with the principal excuse for urging thelast, domestic ex106,547 the spirit of speculation, and, in this country, the changes, have, by the natural process-the current of 300,000 people easily infuse their feelings into their govern- trade, so vastly improved within the last year, and are ments. Successful speculations infallibly engender so certainly correcting themselves, that compara$639 834 And of relief notes equivalent to specie, are those extravagance;-and for that disease, there is at last tively, there is but little left on this score to com N. York, $1,131,577 38 Market value. Indiana, lilinois, Arkansas, Michigan, 170 000 00 Bond and mortgages $1,516,378 97 -$3,138 985 82 Deficit in am't of sec'ts $556,619 18 Thus it seems, that, estimating the stocks pledged at their market value, and the bonds and mortgages at their full amount, there is wanting $556,619 18 to redeem all the notes in circulation. A suit against the Phoenix bank of New York inTolving the forfeiture of its charter has been decided in its favor. RELIEF ISSUES IN PENNSYLVANIA. We learn from he Harrisburg Reporter, that the whole number of hese issues amounts to $2,186,650 63. Of which the West Branch bank has issued no cure to be depended upon but suffering. Provi- plain of. Exchanges between the principal business $70,000 dence has wisely ordained suffering as the price for places of the country,-Boston, New York, Phila 43,057 92,220 undue self-indulgence in any form. Our whole peo35 524 ple had sinned in this respect, and the endurance has no doubt been wisely proportioned. The whole $240,801 The Chester County bank has withdrawn from cir- people have suffered; both in circumstances, and chalation $50,000 of its relief issues, and the Farm-racter or credit, which is the same thing. We were s' bank of Lancaster $23,000. In all $73,000. not without prophets who faithfully foretold what delphia, Baltimore, Charleston, Savannah, and New Orleans, are, if not absolutely at par, at this moment in no instance as high as one per cent premium. St. Louis, Louisville, Cincinnati, Nashville, Raleigh are yet from two to three, but declining, manifestly. The influence of a national fiscal agent would no doubt have brought this about without so much inconvenience, but the result has proved that such an institution was far from being indispensable to its ac- neral amount of resources, present and prospective, to them that there should have been an immediate complishment. The fact is, that the national bank. abundantly adequate to the discharge of all their debts revocation of martial law, even though such a step though confessedly very useful in regulating ex-in time. REGULATOR"-at last. should have implied a magnanimous concession that it never had been needed. What was the motive for keeping it up afterwards, is left to conjecture; and even conjecture is at a loss to assign a rational one." changes, has yet had vastly more credit on that score There is some reason in all this, and perhaps a than it ever was entitled to. We remember very movement of the kind suggested, would tend matewell that the mother bank was occasionally ob-rially to assist our credit abroad; but we must confess liged to refuse to redeem the notes of her own that we have little faith in declarations, however sobranches, and even the Farmers Bank of Maryland lemnly put forth, unless backed by an earnest of ful- "The writ of habeas corpus was answered by an orhave repeatedly refused to receive the notes of her filment in the shape of comprehensive revenue laws, der to a file of soldiers to arrest and imprison the judge. Frederick and Easton branches as if each were an in as much as the legislative history of the United Mr. Dick, the United States attorney, then obtained individual and local institution. The fact is, that States, exhibits a growing disregard on the part of from Judge Lewis, of the Louisiana court a writ in the product of labor-and the soil, is the "GREAT our law makers to the acts of their predecessors. behalf of Judge Hall; and this was answered by an It would be frivolous in the legislature of an in- order for the arrest and imprisonment of both Lewis and debted state to pass a naked law, declaring that she Dick." would pay her debts, for the sealing of bonds to that effect is as solemn a declaration as she could make-for a repudiating state to do so would be farcical, in as much as she has before asserted the same "In a publication made by Judge Hall at the time, thing with equal solemnity and afterwards discredit- he says he asked general Jackson whether he should ed her own act. We are always glad to see indebt- join any military corps, and he told him not to do ed states adopt resolutions denunciatory of repu- so," diation as a principle, because it indicates a healthy The extracts, as reprinted at Washington, and tone of public opinion at the time being; but when from which the above paragraphs are taken, have the day of payment arrives, when money is to be come under the observation of gen. Jackson, from paid instead of promises given, we must confess that whom we have the pleasure to acknowledge the folsuch boastful outpourings sound in our ears like tink-lowing publication: brass. Another item, is the turn in the scale of foreign exchange. Our tarifi already demonstrates its benefits. Gold and silver instead of loading our outward bound shipping, is now homeward bound, seeking its level by replenishing those places whence it had been exhausted by extravagant importations or was driven from circulation by inferior currencies. Another item is the ascertained adequacy of the revenue and resources of the general government to meet its estimated expenditures for the ensuing eighteen months. For several years past, "expedients" have been required, and loans at last resorted to, to meet current expenditures. Let us keep on in our present course, and we shall be spared the mortifica-ling tion of sending agents to Europe upon fruitless errands for money to aid the "Republic", at least in times of profound peace, and agricultural abundance. We intended to have assigned further reasons for the opinion above expressed, but are admonished that our space is exhausted for the present. The following admirable article extracted from the New Orleans Bee is much in point on state credit: From the New Orleans Bee, 28th ult. We have been shown a letter written by a citizen of New Orleans, now travelling in Europe, to his brother, which presents a most mortifying and gloomy picture of the state of European feeling in regard to American credit and American character. The writer, in remarking upon the annoyances to which our countrymen travelling in Europe are exposed, ob serves: "You have no conception, sir, of the degraded and wretched state of American credit in this country. The fact is also most painful and mortifying, but nevertheless true, that the feeling of disgust which is universal here against American securities and American faith, is very largely transferred to the Ameri can citizen, and thus the individual honest man must suffer in the worst possible manner-for it touches his honor-for the conduct of such degraded political mountebanks as governors Yell and McNutt. Instead of the American name being a passport and presumptive evidence of individual honor and honesty, it cannot be disguised that it is the very thing which marks him for suspicion, and to be avoided. Talk to people here as we may, and protest and explain as much as we may, yet the sober, undisguised and unvarnished truth is, that we are looked upon as a nation of swindlers. They do not, cannot, will not, and, perhaps, ought not, to distinguish between the individual members of the states. They know no geographical divisions. They say and say with force that we boast of being many in one; that the whole nation was ready to go to war for the purpose of sustaining the state of Maine in her individual claims to soil, in which the other states had no interest; and if thus willing to stand by Maine with her force, she ought not to wish to separate from Mississippi in her dishonor. * 'It was not until the eleventh, and not until the militia had been disbanded, that Judge Hall was released from actual confinement." GENERAL JACKSON'S LETTER. The indignities to which American travellers are "National Intelligencer-Extracts from the Letters of a exposed, under the present state of things, are grievKentuckian on Martial Law." ous enough, and the utter want of confidence in SIR: I have just received from a friend, the NationAmerican securities is a source of mortification of a al Intelligencer of the 12th December, containing a painful character; but these effects, irritating as they lengthy publication under the above caption. The confessedly are, are not the most melancholy results statement in that publication, so far as it regards my of repudiation. We regard with more painful solici- self, being a tissue of falsehoods and false coloring, tude the consequences wrought upon our own coun-I have felt myself compelled to reply to it, lest my trymen by this doctrine-the laxity of morals it en- silence should be construed into an acknowledgment genders at home, the disregard of obligations it coun- of its truth. I therefore request that you will give tenances in our midst and the contempt of plighted place to the following statement in the Nashville faith which it fosters in the bosom of society-than Union. any injury it may do us as a people, in the estimation of foreigners. The American character can survive the jibes of princes and the subjects of princes, but it I may not outlive a leprosy that will spread over the whole body politic unless resisted by some active and efficient remedy. Repudiation as a relief from taxation, is like taking opium to assuage the anguish of disease-temporary exemption from pain is secured at the expense of a vice, which must produce a prostration of the whole system and terminate in a miserable death. 1st. It is positively untrue that I either thrust the members of the legislature out of their hall, or that kept them out by an armed force. On the 28th December 1814. when the troops under my command were engaged with the enemy, and I was passing along the line to give orders, Mr. A. L. Duncan, one of my voluntary aids-de-camp, came to me in great haste, with a message from the governor that the le gislature were about to surrender that city, and that he waited my orders. I replied, "I cannot believe them guilty of so traitorous an act; but say to the governor, The lasting consequences of an act of national dis-examine strictly into the matter, and, if it is true, honor should arouse the public energies in an extra- blow them up." The governor shut them out. Not ordinary manner to escape its blight. A nation never such my orders would have been; and in conversation dies. A few years may suffice to wipe away the with the governor afterwards, I remarked to him that memory of individual misdeeds, but the recollection I would have shut them in, provided them all neces of a national disgrace abideth always. The grave saries, and let them, if so disposed, legislate at their may hide the man that commits a crime, from the leisure under the sound of the British cannon, while scorn of his fellows; but time himself can scarcely their patriotic colleagues were nobly battling with obliterate the evidences of national guilt. The ge- the enemy. nerations of our day should take care that those that follow them may not look upon the begrimmed escutcheon of the nation and curse them. The best legacy that can be left to posterity is a good name. A parent may not be able to leave his children lands and hereditaments of price; but he is bound to leave them a character which will be to them more estimable than these. The greatest burden that the people, who now have control of national affairs, can leave to their successors is a stained honor. This it will be more onerous to support than debt-more difficult to redeem than bonds. GENERAL JACKSON AND THE FINE. From the Nashville Union. I had hoped that the distribution bill would have become a law, and thus have enabled the several inThe National Intelligencer manifests great joy at debted states to pay their just and unjust debts; for the opportune appearance of a pamphlet entitled I do sincerely believe that Mississippi has been most "Letters of a Kentuckian on Martial Law," and lays scandalously used and abused in regard to a part of before the country two columns of such extracts her debt, and which she feels most sorely. This, therefrom as are best calculated to affect public senhowever, is no excuse for her to violate her honor;-timent at Washington, now that a motion is pending she should pay all debts, just or unjust, wherever her seal and name can be found." in congress to expunge from the record of final de- "He (gen. Jackson) proclaimed martial law, and 24. Louallier and Judge Hall were both arrested on the 5th of March. On the same day I was told by the marshal that, in order hereafter to shew that! had imprisoned the judge before he had interfered with the police of my camp, the judge had sent for the clerk, and had altered the record from the 5th to the 6th. I immediately sent for the clerk, major | Claiborne, and on the evening of the same day on which Lauallier and Hall was arrested-viz: the 5th of March--he produced the record, on which plainly appeared the alteration from the 5th to the 6th. This change could only have been made for the base purpose of showing, when he indicted and sued me for false imprisonment, that I had arrested him before he had attempted judicially to interfere with the police of my camp. This learned "Kentuckian," notwithstanding his great anxiety to exonerate the judge from any imputation of blame in this transaction, can hardly have the effrontery to say that this was not a forgery, and for the basest purpose. I would like to see the testimony by which this anonymous writer would prove that I ordered the are rest of Messrs. Lewis and Dick. Judge Lewis was a soldier in capt. Beal's company of riflemen, and of all occasions, from the beginning of the seige to the declaration of peace, was meeting or ready to meet the foe, and defend his country. Dick (if my recol lection does not fail me) was one of the troop of ca valry under command of capt. Peter Ogden. It s not to be supposed that either of them would attempt to interfere with, or resist, the order of his general. Had such interference or resistance been attempted by them, they would certainly have been treated similarly to Judge Hall. Neither Lewis nor Dra was arrested; nor did I ever before hear that either of them had interfered until after the order imposing turned. Then Dick and Hall commenced the prose cution against me, the judge presiding on his ow cause, imposing rules to appear and show cause wy an attachment should not issue, and then refusing The writer proceeds to remark, that the people of Europe concerned in American securities, do not expect all the states to pay their debts immediately, because they know that this is impossible; that they would be satisfied if such states as are in default would say in plain language, that "though we cannot pay you now, we will do so when we are able," and accompany this declaration by the adoption of some system for the ultimate redemption of their bonds, even at a late day. This, he thinks, would "It may well be said, therefore, that Orleans was have an immediate effect upon our credit in Europe, saved, not by reason of, but in despite of, martial and remove the American name from the obloquy law; for so gross an insult to themselves and their lothat now attaches to it. He recommends a conven- cal authorities was well calculated to produce dissat-martial law was revoked, and judge Hall had retion of the indebted states, to be composed of busi-isfaction and disaffection." ness men, who will make a full report of their debts "After the decisive defeat of the enemy, his evacuand resources, as the best means of restoring confi-ation of the country, and the refutation by the people dence abroad-as such a report would exhibit a ge- of Louisiana of the calumny against them, it was due hear the cause tendered under his own rules, but condemning his own victim unheard. Will this enlightened "Kentuckian" determine whether or not this was administering justice agreeably to the constitutional rights of every American citizen? On the subject of Louallier's arrest, it should be known that he secreted himself from the issuing of the order for his arrest until he had made arrangements with Judge Hall for the habeas corpus; and when arrested and delivered to the colonel of the provost guard, being told that I had given directions for his good treatment, he replied, with thanks, that it was unnecessary, as he would be there but a short time. He was asked why? His reply was that Judge Hall had issued a writ of habeas corpus for him, on which Colonel Arbuckle wrote to me asking advice. Idirected him to keep the prisoner as long as he could wield a bayonet, unless he was liberated by my order. Having made inquiry into the matter and found that Hall had so issued the writ, I forthwith gave orders for the arrest of Dominick A. Hall, and sent Captain Butler, of South Carolina, and Dr. Wm. Butler, with a file of men for that purpose. 3d. It is positively false that Judge Hall was confined until the militia were discharged. The moment the official announcement of the ratification of the treaty reached me, the order of martial law was revoked, and the militia discharged. energetic defence. I never before heard of any publication made by Judge Hall, such as this veracious Kentuckian asserts was made; nor do I believe it to be the fact. Certain I am that I have never seen or heard of it before; and it would have been well for him to have stated where Hall's publication could be found. It is positively untrue that he ever made application to me to join any corps. The city being under the command of my aid, Thomas L. Butler, a veteran corps of ancients had been raised for its protection; and among them Judge Hall might have enrolled himself had he thought proper. Instead of doing this, he applied for a written exemption from the rule laid down in the details of the order promulgating martial law and. having obtained it from me, he the same night, violating the confidence I had reposed in him by it, passed my guards and fled from the city, to which he never returned until after the battle of the 8th. His flight induced many to believe that I was unable to defend the city, and, by creating despondency in them, did great injury, and occasioned applications from numerous individuals for permission to remove their families. When the Judge returned, after the 8th, he was met with great coolness by the ladies and many of his old associates. They reflected that he was a bachelor, had fled from their defence, and left them as a prey to the brutality of an infuriated soldiery on the event of the city being taken, whereas, had he remained, his presence might have stimulated them to a more And the conduct caused by these reflections mortified him exceedingly, threw him into a state of dissipation, and into the arms of Blanc, Loualher & Co., whose tool he became, and through whom he was induced to try and bring the civil and military power into collision. The object of this confederation was by this means either to ruin my fame, by opening to the enemy a safe avenue to return, or, if this failed, they would cry out "tyrant," "military despot," &c., and destroy me in that way. If unsuccessful in that, they would punish me by fines imposed by an unjust judge, sitting on his own cause, and refusing to hear any defence; believing, as they did, that the people would resist so tyrannical a course, and this clique would then attach to me the odium of instigating the resistance; and thus they would be enabled to blacken my name, and would have some cause to cry out that I had destroyed all civil liberty. But my influence prevailed, and all their machinations were defeated, not withstanding the aid of some of my officers of rank who were secretly combined with them. It is true that Judge Hall was not arrested until he gave evidence of his combination with those conspirators who had excited mutiny in my camp, and of his union with those who were also endeavoring to bring the civil and military power into conflict. He was present when the necessity of imposing martial law was discussed, and, on the morning it was promulgated, heard it read in my office, and immediately afterwards, with uplifted hands, exclaimed, "Now the country may be saved; without it, it was lost." Yet this anonymous writer, who has no name, or is ashamed of it, declares that Judge Hall denied ever approving martial law. I say he did, and I call for the proof of his denial. The assertion, I have no doubt, had its origin in the fertile brain of the writer, and, together with the rest of his publication, was coined and brought forward at this particular time, when congress, at the instigation of several states, has the subject under consideration, for the purpose of casting a dark The statement which he call them democratie, with the same propriety as the shade over my fame. gives on information which (he says) he received fanatic murderer burns a fellow being at the stake from General Adair, I pronounce positively false. I and calls it religion! If we would contemplate a do not believe that General Adair could be guilty of spectacle of true sublimity, (but not likely to be the making a statement so utterly devoid of truth. The subject of flattery, for nothing can be gained by such moment I received official intelligence of peace, I flattery), let us place before us the moral, yes, the This, I conqueror, surrounded by people, by populace, and disannulled martial law, and on the day after ad- physical courage, too, of judge Hall, in arresting the dressed the troops and discharged them. think, was on the 13th and 14th of March, but, as I by soldiers delirious with the idolatry of the moment. write from memory, I will not be positive. I ob- We see the solitary judge, armed with no power but tained from the bank $10,000 for their subsistence, that of the law, ordering this conqueror to the bar, &c., and the whole of the Kentucky militia immedi- to answer for his violation of the sacred writ of ha ately left the city for their homes. I never had an beas corpus, without which, personal liberty is not interview with General Adair from the day I dis- worth the dust under his feet; and let us ask whether charged the troops in New Orleans until I left it; it required no moral and personal courage to bring and my belief is that he had left the city before the him there from the midst of his triumphs? Let us court had finally acted on the subject, which final admit that stern necessity, which some say has no action was on the 31st of March, 1815. Officers of law, and others say is the tyrant's plea, excused gen high rank had secretly joined this association to pro- Jackson in proclaiming martial law, what excuse duce mutiny and insubordination, because I would unless it be the fear of instant death, is there for any. not bestow laurels on those who did not deserve judge holding his commission under the authority of them, and do injustice to those who did. Hence the the United States, for refusing to issue the writ for secret workings with Judge Hall to annoy and injure any citizen who may think proper to demand it?me; but neither Judge Lewis nor the brave and pa- Who ever supposed before the case of gen. Jackson, triotic Lonisianians who nobly risked their lives in de- that any judge dare refuse to issue the writ of habeas fence of New Orleans could be induced to unite corpus? Admit that it may be argued that it does not with them. I deny positively that General Adair run-that is, cannot be served in camps, or garriever had any such conversation with me as the wri-sons, or on board ships of war-yet that is no excuse ter asserts; and I hope, if at any time hereafter the for the judge who would violate his oath, and sub"Kentuckian" should undertake to expound martial|ject himself to punishment for refusing it, when he law under his own proper name, he will be more is commanded to give it of right, and not as a matter careful of his facts, unless he desires the lasting in- of favor or discretion. He can no more refuse to famy of foul-mouthed slanderer attached to his name. issue the writ of habeas corpus without guilt, than the But he complains of the treatment of the French. sentinel can desert his post without disgrace. That Will this well-read jurist point to another instance writ is the very jewel of personal liberty, and it is of so much forbearance to a foreign consul, as to priceless. In England it is called the second magna permit him to remain in camp when besieged by the charta, and it is greater than the first. Admitting, enemy? The moment New Orleans became my for the sake of argument, that there was a plausible camp. delicacy ought to have induced him to leave it; excuse on the part of general Jackson for not obeying but if he did not do so. I should have ordered him. the writ, (and in reality there was none), what necesI, however, suffered him to remain until his conduct sity, let me ask, was there for seizing the judge by a became injurious and insulting, and then I directed file of soldiers and exposing him in the streets as a him to leave the city; but none of those brave men malefactor, unless to show with what contempt he who had faced the foe and fought at the lines were could treat the civil authority? Not satisfied with ordered away. I add, were to defend New Or- this, the reputation of the judge has been assailed in leans again under similar circumstances, I would a- his grave by general Jackson and his friends I dopt the same means; for they alone enabled me to knew him well; he was a modest, single-hearted, rerity, and as innocent as a child of all party intrigue ANDREW JACKSON. defend it successfully. I am, very respectfully, tired student, deeply learned, of unsuspected integor faction. He thought only of the honest and faithyour obedient servant, ful discharge of his duty. He had been taken by Mr. Jefferson from the bar of Charleston, and, excepting MR. BRACKENRIDGE'S LETTER. The National Intelligencer on Inserting the above two maiden sisters whom he supported, he had no letter of gen. Jackson, adds as "pertinent thereto," a family or connexion. He was no combatant; his age letter, which they say "has been in our hands for and situation excused him; it is questionable whether some days, intended for publication, but which we he ever fired a gun in his life. To those who knew doubt whether we should have presented to our rea- him, the idea of his shouldering a musket and taking is easily vindicated from the imputation cast upon it ders but for the appearance of gen. Jackson's letter, part in the defence is perfectly absurd. His conduct some points of which, judge Brackenridge has anno justification on his part. swered, as though he had, when writing, had it be-by the general, but which, even if well founded, is General Eaton, in his biography of general Jackfore him in vision." MESSERS. EDITORS: The day has not yet arrived when one may venture to say that the political im-son, takes it for granted that judge Hall was actuatportance of the victory of New Orleans of the 8th ed by personal malice, of which there is not the of January has been greatly overrated. There is slightest evidence. That biographer makes the great At the judge to be dragged from the bench by the mob and the already a great falling off in the enthusiasm with merit of the general to consist in not permitting the which it is celebrated as a national event. very time of that victory the treaty of peace had soldiery, trampling in the mire that civil authority so been actually signed, providing for the restoration of precious to the citizen? This, it must be confessed, conquered territory on either side. It is true, it is but a negative kind of praise; for even general served to heighten the feeling of national glory, and Jackson, violent and outrageous in his temper as he to raise our military reputation with foreign nations. was, knew that he would be responsible for the act, To the war it was a glorious close, and if no circum- and that it would be carrying the abuse of power stance of a painful nature had attended the defence further than would be borne even from him. He of Louisiana, the American patriot might dwell paid the fine, it is true, and repressed the violence of upon it as one of the brightest pages in the history the soldiery; but denounced the judge as corruptAs it is, it will be connected with the sentence as oppressive; and does so to this day. of his country. mortifying associations, and with a proportion of al-This is very different from the conduct of the king loy, such as has always accompanied the good ac- of England, whose son was imprisoned by the chief tions of general Jaekson, rendering it very ques-justice, as well as of that son, when he afterwards a judge who could thus fearlessly do his duty withtionable whether the nation would not have been came to the throne. The one rejoiced that he had ultimately a gainer by a different result. The man who acquitted himself well in the situa-out respect of persons, and the other not only nobly tion for which he was fitted, became unfortunately laid aside all resentment, but gave just praise to the for us, invested with ideal attributes. . He was per- judge for his conduct. Nothing of this spirit has mitted, like the rough soldier Marius, to do things been manifested by general Jackson. When the that no other citizen would have dared to do, thus writ of habeas corpus can be refused, and judicial au. familiarizing us with the possibility of certain acts thority shall cease to be respected, the very end and which our minds could not before have conceived, aim of our free government will be defeated; there and more pernicious to the constitutional freedom of is no longer any civil liberty to defend, and the vicour country than the loss of a hundred battles. The tories won by the national arms, whatever be the awe, the veneration, in which legal rights were once name or lifeless form of the government, possess no held, has been impaired and broken down, and it re- more of true dignity and value than those won by mains to be seen whether the public mind can rise the abject slaves of the barbarian despot; the glory from the rude pressure so as to recover its former of the nation has departed; the people are lost in tone. Nothing can be accomplished towards this desirable end, by the flatterers of men in power, or of those who still stand high in public estimation. Hermitage, December 23, 1842. Such flatterers will applaud the most glaring acts of encroachment on the liberties of the people, and turn those institutions which have been established base political servitude; and thus the influence and example of one bad man may be sufficient to overby a long succession of wise and virtuous, statesman and warriors. |