has been marked you have subordinated what is comparatively unimportant.

Change pitch, or tone, or rate of speaking and you will subordinate properly.

Make a practice of selecting principal ideas, and of bringing them into prominence by subordinating all else.

Proper subordination will give you powerful emphasis without much change in degree of loudness. This alone is one of the great secrets of real oratory, and of all mastery in speech.

PROBLEM.

Read the following with proper subordination:

"We have a great, popular, constitutional Government, guarded by law and by judicature, and defended by the affections of the whole people. No monarchical throne presses these States together, no iron chain of military power encircles them; they live and stand under a Government popular in its form, representative in its character, founded upon principles of equality, and so constructed, we hope, as to last forever."-Webster.

LESSON 28.

How to Enlarge Your Vocabulary

KEY WORDS: CONSTANTLY ENLARGE YOUR VOCABULARY, LEARNING THE MEANINGS OF ALL NEW WORDS THAT YOU MEET.

If you have ever traveled in a foreign country you have been surprised at the ease with which you have learned enough foreign words for daily use. You have been astonished in this country to notice the fluent English of people who have recently come to America.

A person Some laborers have

The explanation in both cases is the same. needs very few words for daily life. vocabularies of only a few hundred words.

Everyone has a much smaller vocabulary than he sup

poses.

Turn to any page of a large dictionary and you will find many words that you do not know.

The Century Dictionary devotes nine pages to words beginning with X. Stop now and name three words beginning with X.

Probably you cannot name one. Your vocabulary is smaller than you supposed.

Every book you read, every newspaper you take up, has words that puzzle you.

And yet one great difference between civilization and

savagery is in the fact that civilization deals with many words that is-many ideas.

Every word that you add to your vocabulary is an added power.

Study words. If you have ideas, you need the mediums by which to express them. Words are needed for thought-expansion.

Have a dictionary near you at all times. Look up every new word you meet.

Use every new word you meet in speech and in writing.

Resolve to let no word pass you without knowing its meaning.

Speak habitually, by intent, with a full, rich and varied vocabulary and you will gain a power that will bring you respect and influence.

PROBLEMS.

1. How many of the following somewhat common words mean anything to you?

2. How many words beginning with "a." in your dic

tionary, mean anything to you?

LESSON 29.

How to Improve Your Speech Through

Imitation

KEY WORDS: LISTEN CAREFULLY ΤΟ GOOD

SPEAKERS.

It is a difficult matter to originate anything new. It is an exceedingly easy thing to imitate what has been done before. In a certain sense, all of civilization is built on imitation.

If you see a salesman demonstrate a mechanical contrivance you find it much easier to use the apparatus than if you had never witnessed the demonstration.

One of the best ways to learn the art of effective speech is to listen to good speakers.

Conversely, one of the ways by which to bring about deterioration in your speech is to listen to vulgar, profane, ribald, or poor speakers.

Avoid the talk of such people, for you will be certain to imitate, even unconsciously.

It is said that one who wishes to become a good tennis player should always play with a superior player. It is much the same in speech.

Associate with people who speak well.

If you are of foreign birth talk as much as possible

with native-born Americans, or with those who speak without any trace of accent.

Go to hear the best speakers.

There are innumerable chances to hear good lectures. Avail yourself of every opportunity. Study speech methods carefully. Notice what methods please you, and what methods bore you. Then imitate the best methods.

Join a society of some sort, and gain opportunity for public speech.

PROBLEMS.

1. Name five really good speakers whom you have heard. 2. Name five really good addresses that you have read. 3. What excellent speakers do you intend to hear soon? 4. What book do you possess containing good speeches?

5. Of what opportunities for public speaking have you availed yourself recently?