Sine virtute amicitia esse non potest. (Cicero) CHAPTER XXXII FOURTH CONJUGATION: AUDIO (Cont.) · ABLATIVE OF SPECIFICATION FIRST SECTION 269. Preliminary Review. 1. Write the synopsis of audiō in the Indicative Active, marking long vowels and the accent. 2. Conjugate each tense, testing your speed. 3. Review the Translation Exercises (266). 270. Indicative Passive of Audio. The tenses of audio become in the Passive: aúdior, audiébar, aúdiar, audítus sum, audítus éram, audítus érō. See pages 333-334. Suggestions for Study. -1. Practice for accuracy and speed. 2. With the book closed, write a synopsis of the Indicative Passive. 3. Conjugate each tense several times. LATIN WORDS ENGLISH MEANINGS drive, defeat RELATED ENGLISH WORDS péllō, -ere, pépuli, púlsus pulse compúlsus drive together, force compéllo, -ere, compuli, compel, compulsion Basilica (Court House) in the Forum of Trajan This style of building, with wide central aisle and narrower side aisles, became the model for the early Christian churches SECOND SECTION 272. Ablative of Specification. In the English sentence, He surpassed his brother in courage, the prepositional phrase in courage specifies in what respect he surpassed his brother. The sentence becomes in Latin: Fratrem virtute superāvit. Here we see that in Latin the Ablative without a preposition is used to specify in what respect the statement is made. 273. Rule. The Ablative without a preposition, used to specify in what respect the statement is made, is called the Ablative of Specification. TRANSLATION EXERCISES 274. A. 1. Inter Galliam et Germaniam est flūmen Rhēnus ; hoc Italiae flumina magnitudine superat. 2. Ubi ille dux multa nāvigia unum in locum compulit, deinde studebat barbarōs ad bellum impellere. 3. Et aetate et potestate Appius Claudius reliquos Romanos superabat. 4. Subito três aquilae à Gallīs visae sunt super castra Rōmāna. 5. Interim labor militum nostrōrum altitudine illīus flūminis impediēbātur. B. 1. Among the inhabitants of this town my brother excelled in dignity; and so, many honors had been given to him. 2. The farmer himself had driven a great multitude of bad boys from these fields. 3. First, the Gauls were repulsed; then, when they were driven out of the wood, they came to a river; there they found many boats. 4. What scout can surpass this man in speed and diligence? 5. Because of illness the consul was forced to depart from Gaul. 275. Derivation Exercise. To what Latin words are "audience,” "attributable," and "victory" related? THE AQUEDUCTS OF ROME (Optional) 276. Rome's water supply came from the hills through aqueducts, of which there were eventually as many as fourteen, one of them fifty-nine miles long. In the plain near the city the streams were carried on lofty arches, the ruins of which are still conspicuous. These aqueducts are said to have brought more water to the city than flowed past it in the Tiber. The Claudian Aqueduct (see p. 167) was one of the most famous of these imposing structures. Rome still has an abundant supply of water brought in part by the ancient aqueducts, and is, as in ancient times, famous for its beautiful fountains. Mēns sāna in corpore sānō. (Juvenal) A healthy mind in a healthy body CHAPTER XXXIII THIRD DECLENSION: I-STEMS · ABLATIVE OF MANNER FIRST SECTION 277. Third Declension Nouns with I-Stems. Thus far in the Third Declension we have considered only nouns with the base ending in a consonant; now we meet nouns whose "stem" ends in -i.1 These have in the Genitive plural -ium; neuter nouns with i-stems have in the Ablative singular -1, and in the Nominative and Accusative plural -ia; masculine and feminine nouns with i-stems have in the Accusative plural -īs or -ēs. 1 The term "base" designates the unchanging part of a noun to which its case endings are added. The "stem," however, of the First Declen |