TRANSLATION EXERCISES

512. A. 1. Galli cum iam auxilio aliarum nātiōnum uterentur, facile poterant compluribus oppidīs potīrī. 2. Orator loquendo saepe maiōrem honorem consequi potest quam pugnando imperator. 3. Cum Caesar prīmā lūce ab his castris profectus esset, copias Gallōrum trēs hōrās insecutus est. 4. Postquam Labienus castrīs hostium est potītus, eōs ad flumen Rhenum fugientes secutus est. 5. Dux mīlitēs suōs hortābātur ad hostes subsequendōs, ut quam primum vīrēs eōrum experīrētur.

B. 1. My brother will not allow me to use his sword. 2. Do you not respect the old man with whom I saw you conversing to-day? To me, indeed, he seems to be a most noble hero. 3. This sailor was born in those mountains, where the river Rhine rises. 4. Let us escort our father to the city gates, for the purpose of showing our affection. 5. The general, who in this battle was now using all the Roman forces, had sent Labienus to pursue the Gallic horsemen closely.

LATIN SELECTIONS

HIS OLD SCHOOLMATE

513. Vibius Curius in iudicio (in court) simulabat (pretended) de annis aetatis suae; cui Cicero respondit, "Tum, cum in schola ūnā (together) eramus, nōn erās nātus?

514.

A traveler wraps his

cloak about him.

Both wind and sun strive to divest him of his cloak.

The wind tries force and fails.

The sun tries kindness and wins.

Moral.

THE SUN WINS BY KINDNESS

Viator iam iter facturus paenulam (cloak) suam sumpsit. Tempestatem verēbātur, nam autumnus incipiebat, quo tempore tempestātēs subito oriuntur.

"Hac paenula mea," inquit, "mē mūniam contra tempestātēs, nubēs enim in caelō multās video."

Eum ubi conspexit ventus, "Ille," inquit “paenulam suam sumpsit et sẽ tūtum esse exīstimat. Nescit me ita vehementer (violently) flare (blow) posse ut nēmō paenulam in corpore suō retinere possit."

Tum sōl vento dixit, "Uter nostrum illīus paenulam celerius eripere potest? Visne (Do you wish) experīrī? Tū incipe prior."

Praemio proposito, ventus, ut sibi praemium daretur, vehementissimē flāvit. Tumultum (disturbance) immanem fecit et multa tecta (dwellings) dēiēcit nāvēsque multās, quae in portu erant, perdidit.

Quam vehementissimē flāvit ventus; sed viator paenulā suã, quam ad corpus pressam retinēbat, sē mūniēbat.

Tum sōl rīsit et, nubibus remōtīs, radiōs (rays) suōs in viātōrem iniecit neque tōtam vim adhibēbat suam. Paulo post viator sub paenulā sūdābat (was sweating) et eam deposuit.

Suaviter (kindly) agere plus prōdest2 quam fortiter (forcibly).

1 nésciō nē (negative prefix) + sciō, 429.

2 prósum, prōdésse, prófuī, prōfutúrus: (prō + sum) be of advantage, help.

CHAPTER LX (REVIEW)

Vocabularies and Syntax. Review carefully Vocabularies LVI-LIX. See Rules of Syntax, LVI-LIX, pp. 342-343.

SENTENCES ILLUSTRATING SYNTAX IN CHAPTERS LVI-LIX 515. Be prepared for oral work.

1. Suēbi, qui bellandi et vēnandi cupidissimi erant, unō in loco colendi causa tam breve tempus remanebant ut apud eōs nihil esset privāti ac separāti agri.

2. Suēbī autem ūtēbantur parvis equis qui apud eōs sunt nāti; hōs cotidiana exercitatiōne

efficiebant ut essent summi labō

ris.

3. Rōmānī neutrī hōrum Gallōrum multum confidebant, quod uterque vidērētur verērī cum Caesare ipso colloqui.

4. Tunc nullo certō ōrdine complures legiōnēs ad hostes persequendos sunt profectae ; aliae ad collem processerunt ut

An Ancient Silver Dish

(Showing figure of Athena)

castris eorum potirentur, aliae fugientes equites etiam ad flumen persecutae sunt.

5. Haec natiō semper tam bona fortūnā ūsa est ut numquam longissimi belli labōrēs ac dolōrēs passa sit.

6. Eō die Caesar, exercitu in planitiem apertam ēductō, celeriter aciem instruxit, quia studēbat vim virtutemque hostium quam primum experiri.

7. Cornelium potius quam Labiēnum Caesar misit ad hor

tandos milites propterea quod ille multo maiōrem in re militārī usum haberet.

8. Hic adulescens, qui mihi dixit sẽ in Galliā nātum esse, Romam pervenit frātris suī videndi causă.

9. Cum hic Gallus sic loquerētur ut nōbis omnibus vidērētur esse amīcus rei publicae Rōmānae, diximus nōs libenter 1 ūsūrōs esse commeātu quem ad castra nostra supportāverat.2

10. Ventus vehementissime flandō paenulam viātōris eripere non poterat; sōl autem benigne radiis iniciendis effecit ut 3 brevi tempore paenula depōnerētur.

516.

MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO
(106-43 B.C.)

"Rome's least mortal mind." Byron, Childe Harold.

Cicero

MARCUS TULLIUS CICERO, Rome's greatest orator and man of letters, was born in 106 B.C. and died in 43 B.C. He studied literature, philosophy, and law, both at home in Rome and abroad in Athens, looking forward to a career as an orator and statesman. By great speeches he steadily increased his reputation, was appointed to more and more important offices, and in 63 B.C. became consul.

At that time Catiline, an unprincipled Roman, was plotting to overthrow the government and to plunder and burn the city. Cicero discovered his con

1 libenter, gladly.

2 The relative clause is stated independently, and is not a part of indirect discourse; hence the Indicative is used.

8 Result clause, but also a "Substantive clause" (469).

spiracy and in the senate assailed Catiline with such eloquent and fiery speeches that he drove him from Rome.

But Cicero had made enemies who at last drove him into exile. After his recall he employed the time to write important works upon eloquence and upon philosophy.

At all periods of his life his literary activity was very great, even outdoing the marvelous record of Sir Walter Scott; and few men have written so much of permanent value to the world.

In his last years he again took an active part in politics, first against Caesar in the great civil war, and then in defense of the liberties of Rome against Antony. The latter was roused to such anger that he sent soldiers to kill Cicero. The great orator died "looking steadily on his murderers." The words of the Emperor Augustus are his simple, but noble epitaph: "He was a good man, who dearly loved his country." CICERO THANKS THE GODS

517.

CICERO ipse in ōrātiōne prō Sulla habita dicit consilium suum patriae servandae à deīs sibi iniectum esse. Catilina enim contra rem publicam consilia nefaria. (wicked) ceperat. "O di immortālēs," inquit Cicero, "vōs ipsī incendistis tum animum meum cupiditate conservandae patriae. Võs avocāstis 1 mē ā rēbus omnibus cēteris et impulistis ad salutem unam patriae meae. Võs dedistis menti meae clarissimum lumen in tenebris 2 tantīs. Tribuam enim vobis ea quae sunt

1- avocā (vi)stis.

2 ténebrae, -árum, f., darkness (cf. the church service called the Tenebrae).