SECOND SECTION TRANSLATION EXERCISES 135. A. 1. Rex Britanniae Magnae nunc est Georgius V (Quintus). Vidistīne verba (words) Latina in nummis (coins) Anglicis (English)? Quid est in nummis nostris Americānīs? 2. Légés et libertatem laudāmus. Lēgés nostrae sunt võx populī. 3. Prō libertate et patria pugnare semper dēbēmus. Sine libertate vīta est misera. 4. Salūs patriae nostrae est in legibus et libertate. Nōn silent (are silent) lēgēs nostrae etiam inter (among) arma. 5. Nōnne amātis patriam vestram? Americam liberam salūtāmus. 6. Fabius cum Marco filio ducem militum salūtāvit. Sextius, dux militum, amicus erat Fabi agricolae. 7. Pueri ūnā (adv. together) fuerant. Fabio equum pulchrum dedit. Sextium in proelium equus saepe portaverat; nunc agricolam in oppidum portabit. Aestate in agris labōrābit. 8. Virtus militum magna fuit. Trans Rhenum dēnsae silvae erant. 9. Dux militum prīmā lūce castra mōvit. Hieme equites in hibernis erunt. 10. Virtus amicitiam confirmat. Sine virtute amicitia esse non potest. Conscientia (conscience) est vox Dei. B. 1. There will not be kings in our land. We shall fight for the welfare of our country. 2. Where are the horsemen? Where are the soldiers? Are they in the winter camp? 3. The companions of the farmer are his son and daughter. 4. Does Sextius' comrade live in the town? Where is your leader to-day? Is your friend at home (domi)? 5. We ought to see the camp. At daybreak the leader will break (move) camp. 136. Derivation Exercise. 99 66 How does Latin help us to use correctly "Anglican,' docility," "interregnum," "6 'invocation," and "pacifica tor"? Consult an English dictionary. THE FORUM 137. "The Forum, where the immortal accents glow, And still the eloquent air breathes burns with Cicero!"- Byron. The Roman Forum is an oblong space of low ground in the midst of the "Seven Hills "" on which Rome was built. It was long used chiefly as a market place and many shops were built along its sides. Also public assemblies were held there at which orators addressed the people from the Rostra, or speaker's platform. Courts and public discussions were held in the Forum, so that public debates have come to be called Forensics. The Romans, not having newspapers like ourselves, would go to the Forum to get the news of the day (or, later, to the great public baths). Eventually the Forum and its neighborhood became crowded with columns, statues, and arches, with temples and other public buildings; and it was thronged by people of all nations. The Forum was "the Heart of Rome and the Heart of the Ancient World." To-day the most interesting place in all the world in many ways is still the Forum, and one may walk there along the streets familiar to Caesar and Cicero, to St. Peter and St. Paul. Historia est testis temporum, lūx vēritātis. (Cicero) History is the witness unto time, the light on truth CHAPTER XIV THIRD DECLENSION (Cont.) THE GENDER OF NOUNS OF THE THIRD DECLENSION FIRST SECTION 138. Preliminary Review. —1. Decline: dux, rēx, lēx, lūx, pāx, miles, comes, aestās, lībertās, virtūs, salūs. Can you decline these eleven nouns in two minutes ? 2. Review the Translation Exercises (135) for oral and written work. 139. Nouns with stems in 1, n, r. Masculine and feminine nouns with the base ending in 1 and r have no case ending in the Nominative singular, thus: Nom. cōnsul-, m., consul, Gen. cónsulis; Nom. légiō-, f., legion, Gen. legiónis (here the final -n of the base was dropped in the Nominative); Nom. páter-, m., father, Gen. pátris (here the final -r of the base became, as pronounced, -er in the Nominative). Neuter nouns with stems, ending in 1, n, and r have no case ending in the Nominative singular, thus: Nom. flámen-, n., river, Gen. fluminis (here the base flaminis a weakened form of flamen-); Nom. témpus-, n., time; Gen. témporis (here the base, originally témpos-, weakened the final -Ŏs to us in the Nominative; elsewhere the stem appears as témpor-, since an s between two vowels regularly became r). These nouns are declined as follows: cónsul, m., consul légiō, f., páter, m., flúmen, n., témpus, n., legion father river time Base: consul- Base : legion-Base : patr- Base: flumin- Base: tempor Observe.-1. Neuter nouns (as in the Second Declension) have the same form in the Nominative and Accusative singular, and the Nominative and Accusative plural A Roman Cameo end in -a. 140. The Gender of Nouns of the Third Declension. The gender of Latin nouns is often indicated by the meaning; 1 Nouns whose Nominative singular ends in -ō are declined like légiō, Gen. legiónis (base: legiōn-), or like multitúdo, f., multitude, Gen. multitúdinis (base: multitúdin-), i.e. in the Genitive we have -ōnis or -inis. Most nouns in -ō have -inis in the Genitive. 2 Additional rules for determining the gender of nouns of the Third Declension will be given in Chapter XXXIII. |