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8. I call upon you, fathers, by the shades of your ancestors, by the dear ashes which repose in this precious soil, by all you are, and all you hope to be, resist every project of disunion, resist every encroachment upon your liberties, -resist every attempt to fetter your consciences, or smother your public schools, or extinguish your system of public in

struction.

9. I call upon you, mothers, by that which never fails in woman the love of your offspring,- teach them, as they climb your knees, or lean on your bosom, the blessing of liberty. Swear them at the altar, as with their baptismal vows, to be true to their country, and never to forget or to forsake her.

10. I call upon you, young men, to remember whose sons you are, whose inheritance you possess. Life can never be too short, which brings nothing but disgrace and oppression. Death never comes too soon, if necessary in defense of the liberties of your country.

11. I call upon you, old men, for your counsels, and your prayers, and your benedictions. May not your gray hairs go down in sorrow to the grave, with the recollection that you have lived in vain. May not your last sun sink in the west upon a nation of slaves.

LESSON LXXIV.

SELECT PARAGRAPHS FROM SPEECHES.

1. SPEECH TO THE AMERICAN SOLDIERS.—WASHINGTON.

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1. Fellow-Soldiers: Our own, our country's honor calls upon us for a vigorous and manly exertion; and, if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole

world. Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, in whose hands victory is, to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions. The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have their blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them.

2. Let us, therefore, animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world, that a freeman contending for liberty on his own ground, is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth. Liberty, property, life, and honor, are all at stake: upon your courage and conduct, rest the hopes of our bleeding and insulted country. Our wives, our children, and our parents, expect safety from us only; and they have every reason to believe, that Heaven will crown with success so just a cause.

2. SPEECH TO THE ARMY OF ITALY.

Yes, soldiers, you

mains for you to do.

how to conquer, but

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have done much; but more still reShall it be said of us that we know not to profit by our victories? Shall

posterity reproach us with having found a Capua* in Lombardy? But already I see you fly to arms. You are fatigued with an inactive repose. You lament the days that are lost to your glory! Well, then, let us proceed; we have other forced marches to make, other enemies to subdue; more laurels to acquire, and more injuries to avenge. Let those who have unsheathed the daggers of civil war in

Cap'u-a, (ancient,) at one time, one of the finest and most agreeable cities of Italy, and so important, that it was compared to Rome and Carthage. The fertile campanian fields which are said to have produced three crops in a year, lay around it; and living was so cheap, and the climate so healthy, that it was a favorite place of resort for the lovers of ease and pleasure among the Romans. Modern Capua was partly built out of its ruins.

† Lom bar-dy, in the sixth century, the whole of upper Italy. At a later period, the Austrian provinces in Italy.

France; who have basely assassinated our ministers; who have burnt our ships at Toulon; let them tremble; for the knell of vengeance has already tolled!

8. A SWISS DEPUTY TO THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY.† - SCOTT.

1. And what can the noble Duke of Burgundy gain by such a strife? Is it wealth and plunder? Alas! my lord, there is more gold and silver on the very bridle-bits of your Highness's household troops, than can be found in the public treasures or private hoards of our whole confederacy. Is it fame and glory you aspire to? There is little honor to be won by a numerous army over a few scattered bands, — by men clad in mail over half-armed husbandmen and shepherds. Of such conquest small were the glory.

2. Is it extent of vassalage and dominion your Highness desires, by warring with your mountain neighbors? Know, that though you may, if it be God's will, gain our barren and rugged mountains, yet like our ancestors of old, we will seek refuge in wilder and more distant solitudes; and when we have resisted to the last, we will starve in the icy wastes of the glaciers. Ay, men, women, and children, we will be frozen into annihilation together, ere one free Switzer will acknowledge a foreign master.

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Pompey came; the invincible, the conqueror of a thousand cities; the light of Rome; the lord of Asia, riding on the very wings of victory. But he profaned her Tem

Tou-lon', (too-long',) a seaport of France, situated on a bay of the Mediterranean Sea.

↑ Bur-gun'dy, (Louis, duke of,) the grandson of Louis XIV. and the princess Anne, of Bavaria, born at Versailles, in 1682, became dauphin of France in 1711 by the death of his father, and died in 1712.

Sa-la'thi-el, probably some priest or officer at Jerusalem.

Ti'tus, see note, p. 109.

Pom ́pey, (Caius Pompeius,) styled the Great, born 107 B. c. He was a distinguished Roman general, and a competitor of Cæsar.

ple; * and from that hour he went down, down, like a millstone plunged into the ocean! Blind counsel, rash ambition, womanish fears, were upon the great statesman and warrior of Rome. Where does he sleep? What sands were covered with his blood? The universal conqueror died a slave, by the hands of a slave! Crassus came at the head of the legions. He plundered the sacred vessels of the sanctuary: vengeance followed him, and he was cursed by the curse of God. Where are the bones of the robber and his host? Go, tear them from the jaws of the lion and the wolf of Parthia, their fitting tomb!

LESSON LXXV.

A LAMENTATION OVER THE RUINS OF ROME.-BYRON

1. O Rome! my country! city of the soul!

The orphans of the heart must turn to thee,
Lone mother of dead empires! and control
In their shut breasts their petty misery.

cypress,

What are our woes and sufferance? Come and see
The
hear the owl, and plod your way
O'er steps of broken thrones and temples, ye,
Whose agonies are evils of a day, -

A world is at our feet as fragile as our clay.

Tem'ple, the celebrated Jewish temple at Jerusalem, in which the Jews beld their religious services.

† Crassus, (M. Licinius,) and surnamed Dives, the rich, on account of his vast fortune. He was a colleague of Pompey in the consulship of Rome, and formed with him and Cæsar, the famous triumvirate. In 53 B. C., he perished, with a great part of his army, in an expedition against the Parthians.

Par'thi-a, the ancient Parthian empire was a region of country lying between the Euphrates, the Oxus, and the Caspian and Arabian Seas, in Asia. Ctesiphon, its capital, was situated on the eastern bank of the river Tigris.

2. The Niobe * of nations! there she stands,
Childless and crownless, in her voiceless woe;
An empty urn within her withered hands,
Whose holy dust was scattered long ago;
The Scipios' † tomb contains no ashes now;
The very sepulchers lie tenantless

Of their heroic dwellers: dost thou flow,
Old Tiber, through a marble wilderness?
Rise, with thy yellow waves, and mantle her distress!

3. The Goth, § the Christian, time, war, flood, and fire, Have dealt upon the seven-hilled city's pride;

She saw her glories star by star expire,

And up the steep, barbarian monarchs ride,
Where the car climbed the capitol; far and wide
Temple and tower went down, nor left a site:
Chaos of ruins! who shall trace the void,

O'er the dim fragments cast a lunar light,
And say, "here was, or is," where all is doubly night?

4. The double night of ages, and of her,

Night's daughter, Ignorance, hath wrapt and wrap
All round us; we but feel our way to err :

The ocean hath his chart, the stars their map,

*Ni'o-be, the daughter of Tantalus, and wife of Amphion, who, in common with Zethus, governed Thebes. It is fabled, that she had seven sons and seven daughters; and that, becoming proud of her blooming offspring, she exalted herself above Latona, the mother of only two children Apollo and Diana; and, in punishment for her presumption, had to witness the destruction of her own children by the arrows of the twin deities. Anguish and despair transformed the wretched mother into a stone, which was shown on Mt. Sipylus, in the kingdom of her father.

† Scip ́i-os, (the elder and younger). See note, p. 110.

Tiber, a river in Italy, which owes its fame to the Roman poets. In itself it is insignificant, and its water is said to be yellow and thick.

Goths, a fierce and warlike tribe, originating in that part of Germany, lying on the Baltic Sea; and, in connection with several other tribes, they succeeded in breaking the Roman power, in the beginning of the fifth century.

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