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All the ships, merchandise and effects, belonging to the citizens of one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and

There shall be a perfect, firm and inviolable peace and sincere friendship between the United States of America and the republic of Colombia, in all the extent of their possessions and territories, and between their people and citizens respectively, without dis-may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, tinction of persons or places.

ARTICLE 2d.

The United States of America and the republic of Colombia, desiring to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage mutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional.

ARTICLE 3d.

ports, or dominions, of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving, in due and proper form, their rights, before the competent tribunals; it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of the respective governments.

ARTICLE Sth.

When any vessel, belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, shall be wrecked, foundered, or shall suffer any damage on the coasts, or within the dominions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection, in the same manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload the said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandise and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost or contribution whatever, until they may be exported.

ARTICLE 9th.

The citizens of the United States may frequent all the coasts and countries of the republic of Colombia, and reside and trade there, in all sorts of produce, manufactures and merchandise, and shall pay no other or greater duties, charges or fees, whatsoever, than the most favored ration is or shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges and The citizens of each of the contracting parties shall exemptions in navigation and commerce, which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy, submitting have power to dispose of their personal goods within themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, decrees and the jurisdiction of the other, by sale, donation, testausages, there established, and to which are submitted ment or otherwise, and their representatives, being the subjects and citizens of the most favored nations. citizens of the other party, shall succeed to their said In like manner the citizens of the republic of Co- personal goods, whether by testament or ab intestato, lombia may frequent all the coasts and countries of and they may take possession thereof, either by them the United States, and reside and trade there, in all selves or others acting for them, and dispose of the sorts of produce, manufactures and merchandise, and same at their will, paying such dues only as the inshall pay no other or greater duties, charges or fees, habitants of the country, wherein the said goods are, whatsoever, than the most favored nation is or shall be shall be subject to pay in like cases: And if, in the obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, pri- case of real estate, the said heirs would be prevented vileges and exemptions in navigation and commerce, from entering into the possession of the inheritance, which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy, on account of their character of aliens, there shall submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, de- be granted to them the term of three years to dispose crees and usages, there established, and to which are of the same, as they may think proper, and to withsubmitted the subjects and citizens of the most favor-draw their proceeds without molestation, and exempt

ed nations.

ARTICLE 4th.

from all rights of detraction, on the part of the government of the respective states.

ARTICLE 10th.

It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free for all merchants, commanders of ships and other citiBoth the contracting parties promise and engage, zens of both countries, to manage themselves their formally, to give their special protection to the perown business in all the ports and places subject to sons and property of the citizens of each other, of the jurisdiction of each other, as well with respect to all occupations, who may be in the territories subthe consignment and sale of their goods and merchan-ject to the jurisdiction of the one or the other, trandise by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading and sending off their ships; they being, in all these cases, to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens of

the most favored nation.

ARTICLE 5th.

sient or dwelling therein, leaving open and free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, on the same terms which are usual and customary with the natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ in defence of their rights, such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents and factors, as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens of agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the deci sions and sentences of the tribunals, in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examinations and evidences which may be ex

The citizens of neither of the contracting parties shall be liable to any embargo, nor be detained with their vessels, cargoes, merchandises, or effects, for any military expedition, nor for any public or private purpose whatever, without allowing to those inhibited in the said trials. terested a sufficient indemnification.

ARTICLE 6th.

ARTICLE 11th.

It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and en Whenever the citizens of either of the contract-tire security of conscience shall be enjoyed by the ing parties shall be forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions, of the other, with their vessels, whether merchant or of war, public or private, through stress of weather, pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be received and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage, without obstacle or hindrance of any kind.

citizens of both the contracting parties in the coun tries subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or möfested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, who may die in the terri tories of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying brounds, or in other decent and suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance,

ARTICLE 12th.

ARTICLE 15th.

All other merchandises and things, not compre hended in the articles of contraband explicitly enumerated and classified, as above, shall be held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blocked up; and to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places only are besieged or blockaded which are actually attacked by a belligerant force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral.

ARTICLE 16th.

It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United States of America and of the republic of Colombia, to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made, who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with their ships and merchandises beforementioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports and havens, of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy, beforementioned, to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an The articles of contraband, before enumerated and enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whe-classified, which may be found in a vessel bound for ther they be under the jurisdiction of one power or an enemy's port, shall be subject to detention and under several. And it is hereby stipulated, that free confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the ships shall also give freedom to goods, and that every thing shall be deemed to be free and exempt, which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed, in like manner, that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that although they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are officers or soldiers, and in the actual service of the enemies: Provided, however, and it is hereby agreed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those powers only who recognise this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose governments acknowledge this principle, and not of others.

ARTICLE 13th.

ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain or supercargo of said vessel, will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such articles be so great and of so large a bulk, that they cannot be received on board the cap turing ship without great inconvenience; but in this and in all other cases of just detention, the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port, for trial and judgment, according to law. ARTICLE 17th.

And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or place belonging to an enemy, without knowing that the same is besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed, that every vessel, so circumstanced, may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment, from the commanding officer of the blockading forces, she shall again attempt to enter, but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either, that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded or invested, by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo, nor if found therein after the reduction and surrender, shall such vessel or her cargo, be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the oweners thereof. ARTICLE 18th.

It is likewise agreed, that, in the case where the neutral flag of one of the contracting parties shall protect the property of the enemies of the other, by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board such vessel before the declaration of war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree, In order to prevent all kind of disorder in the visitthat two months having elapsed after the declaration, ing and examination of the ships and cargoes of both their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. On the contracting parties on the high seas, they have the contrary, if the flag of the neutral does not protect agreed mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, pubthe enemy's property, in that case the goods and mer-lic or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other chandises of the neutral, embarked in such enemy's ships, shall be free.

ARTICLE 14th.

This liberty of navigation and commerce shall extend to all kinds of merchandises, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband, and under this name of contraband, or prohibited goods, shall be comprehended

1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fuzees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds and granades, bombs, powder, matches, balls, and all other things belonging to the use of these arms;

2dly. Bucklers, helmets, breast-plates, coats of mail, infantry belts and clothes, made up in the form and for a military use;

contracting party, the first shall remain out of cannon shot, and may send its boat, with two or three men only, in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vesssel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit. And it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel, for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever.

ARTICLE 19th.

3dly. Cavalry belts, and horses with their furniture; To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the ex4thly. And generally all kinds of arms and instru- amination of the papers relating to the ownership of ments of iron, steel, brass and copper, or of any other the vessels belonging to the citizens of the two conmaterials manufactured, prepared and formed, ex-tracting parties, they have ageed, and do agree, that, pressly to make war by sea or land. in case one of them should be engaged in war, the

ships and vessels belonging to the citizens of the other must be furnished with sea-letters or passports, expressing the name, property and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master or commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear, that the ship really and truly belongs to the citizens of one of the parties; they have likewise agreed that such ships being laden, besides the said sea-letters or passports, shall also be provided with certificates containing the several particulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed from; without which requisites, said vessel may be detained to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent. ARTICLE 20th.

war, or of national difference, be sequestered or confiscated.

ARTICLE 25th.

Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding inequality in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have agreed, and do agree, to grant to the envoys, ministers, and other public agents, the same favors, immunities, and exemptions, which those of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy; it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges, the United States of America or the republic of Colombia may find it proper to give to the ministers and public agents of any other power, shall by the same act be extended to those of each of the contracting parties.

ARTICLE 26th.

To make more effectual the protection which the United States and the republic of Colombia shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens of each other, they agree to receive and ad

foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities, of the consuls and vice-consuls of the most favored nation; each contracting party, however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such consuls may not seem convenient.

It is further agreed that the stipulations above ex-mit consuls and vice-consuls in all the ports open to pressed relative to the visiting and examination of vessels, shall apply only to those which sail without convoy; and when said vessels shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries and when they are bound to an enemy's port, that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient.

ARTICLE 21st.

It is further agreed, that in all cases the established courts for prize causes, in the country to which the prizes may be conducted, shall alone take cognisance of them. And whenever such tribunal of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods, or property claimed by the citizens of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall, if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel, without any delay, he paying the legal fees for the same.

ARTICLE 22d.

Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with another state, no citizen of the other contracting party shall accept a commission, or letter of marque, for the purpose of assisting or cooperating hostilely, with the said enemy, against the said party so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate.

ARTICLE 23d.

If, by any fatality which cannot be expected, and which God forbid, the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other; and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens of all other occupations who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States and of the republic of Colombia, shall be respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property, unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which in consideration of humanity the contracting parties engage to give them.

ARTICLE 24th.

Neither the debts due from individuals of the one nation to the individuals of the other, nor shares, nor moneys, which they may have in public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever, in any event of

ARTICLE 27th.

In order that the consuls and vice-consuls of the two contracting parties may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities, which belong to them, by their public character, they shall, before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commission or patent, in due form, to the government to which they are accredited; and having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such, by all the authorities, magistrates, and inhabitants, in the consular district in which they reside.

ARTICLE 28th.

It is likewise agreed, that the consuls, their secretaries, officers, and persons attached to the service of consuls, they not being citizens of the country in which the consul resides, shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kind of taxes, imposts, and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce, or their property, to which the citizens and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside, are subject, being in every thing besides subject to the laws of the respective states. and papers of the consulates shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any magistrate seize, or in any way interfere with them. ARTICLE 29th..

The archives

The said consuls shall have the power to require the assistance of the authorities of the country for the arrest, detention and custody of deserters from the public and private vessels of their country, and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the courts, judges and officers competent, and shall demand the said deserters in writing, proving by an exbibition of the registers of the vessel's or ship's roll, or other public documents, that those men were part of the said crews: and on this demand, so proved, (saving, however, where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of the said consuls, and may be put in the public prisons at the request and expense of those who claim them, to be sent to the ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same nation. But if they be not sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no more arrested for the same cause. ARTICLE 30th.

For the purpose of more effectually protecting

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The United States of America and the republic of Colombia, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit, the relations which are to be established between the two parties by virtue of this treaty, or general convention of peace, amity, commerce and navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree to the following points:

1st. The present treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the term of twelve years, to be counted from the day of the exchange of the ratifications, in all the parts relating to commerce and navigation; and in all those parts which relate to peace and friendship, it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both powers.

2dly. If any one or more of the citizens of either party shall infringe any of the articles of this treaty, such citizen shall be held personally responsible for the same, and the harmony and good correspondence between the two nations shall not be interrupted thereby; each party engaging in no way to protect the offender, or sanction such violation.

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Died, at his residence on Staten Island, on the 11th inst. Daniel D. Tompkins, esq. late vice president of the United States, in the 51st year of his age. His remains were deposited in the "narrow house," with all the respect that was due to his distinguished services to his state and country.

-on the 13th inst. at New-York, the rev. John Summerfield, in the 27th year of his age, and the 8th of his ministry-much esteemed and admired for the suavity of his manners and the force of his eloquence. He had long been in a bad state of health; but, for the four last weeks preceding his decease, was severely il

Chancellor Kent, of N. Y. it is said, will be invited to take the professorship of law in the University of Virginia.

Prussian charge d'affaires. On Monday, the 6th inst. Mr. Niederstetter, delivered to the department of state his credential letter, as charge d'affaires from Prussia, and, on the Sth instant, he was introduced to the president of the United States, and received, by him,

in that character.

3dly. If, (what, indeed, cannot be expected,), unfortunately, any of the articles contained in the present treaty shall be violated or infringed in any other way whatever, it is expressly stipulated, that neither of the contracting parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said par- Naval. The U. S. vessels, Lawrence, Niagara, ty considering itself offended, shall first have present-Queen Charlotte and Detroit, will be sold at Erie, as ed to the other a statement of such injuries or dama- they now lie at that place, on the 12th July. Except ges, verified by competent proof, and demanded jus- for their old iron, &c. they cannot be of much value, fice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been and it would cost more to repair them than to build either refused or unreasonably delayed. better vessels, should they be wanted-of which there is not the least prospect. Indeed, the relative condition of things is so much changed, that, even in the event of a war with Great Britain, it is not probable that a strong naval force on Lake Erie can become necessary.

4thly. Nothing in this treaty contained shall, however, be construed, or operate contrary to former and existing public treaties with other sovereigns or

states.

The present treaty of peace, amity, commerce and navigation, shall be approved and ratified by the pre- The new frigate BRANDYWINE, to carry 44 guns, and sident of the United States of America, by and with a first rate ship of her class, was launched at the the advice and consent of the senate thereof, and by navy yard, Washington, on Thursday last. It is said the president of the republic of Colombia, with the that she will be fitted immediately to carry Lafayette consent and approbation of the congress of the same, to France. He was wounded at Brandywine, in 1777. and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Late advices from the Mediterranean, inform that Washington within eight months, to be counted from the American squadron, consisting of the North Carothe date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible.lina, 74, Constitution, 44, and Erie sloop of war, were In faith whereof, we, the plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and of the republic of Colombia, have signed and sealed these presents.

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lying at Malta.

Ship building. It is stated that two frigates, to carry 64 guns each, are building at New York for the service of the Greeks, and that they are to be completed in nine months.

Interior navigation. The new steam boat Pioneer, of 120 tons, was launched at Black Rock on the 28th ult. She is intended to ply between Black Rock and Detroit. Another steam boat, the Henry Clay, of 300 tons and upwards, is on the stocks at the same place, and will be launched in a few days.

The New York canals. During the month of May, there departed from Albany eight hundred and thirty seven boats, carrying four thousand one hundred and twenty two tons of merchandise and household goods, and twenty two thousand dollars were paid to the collector in that city on account of toll.

And whereas the said convention has been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective ratifications of the same were exhanged, at Washington, on the twenty-seventh day of the present month, by DANIEL BRENT, chief clerk of the department of state, and JOSE MARIA SALAZAR, L. L. D. fiscal of the high court A canal round the falls of the Ohio, is to be comof justice of the republic of Colombia, and envoy ex-menced forthwith-so says a letter from Louisville. traordinary and minister plenipotentiary thereof, It will be a work of great importance, indeed, to the near the government of the United States of Ame- whole country, and our best wishes are for its speedy rica, on the part of their respective governments. accomplishment.

PRINTED BY WILLIAM OGDEN NILES, AT THE FRANKLIN PRESS, WATER-STREET, EAST OF SOUTH-STREET.

THIRD SERIES. No. 17-VOL. IV.]

BALTIMORE, JUNE 25, 1825.

[VOL. XXVIII. WHOLE NO. 719

THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NÍLES, AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.

GEN. LAFAYETTE arrived at Boston on the 15th | fisheries-the building of the navy "for the protection inst. On the following day, he was received by the governor, in the presence of the members of both houses of the legislature, in a very handsome manner; and, on the 17th, he participated in the ceremonies of laying the corner-stone of the monument to be erected on Bunker's Hill.

of commerce"-the support of squadrons of vessels of war in the Mediterranean, Atlantic and Pacific, to defend the trade of the United States at the cannon's mouth, and the whole system of discriminatory duties, in favor of the American ship-owners and seamen. Let the editors of the "Literary Gazette" refer to the We have an account of this magnificent ceremony, debates in congress in 1789 and 1790, &c. and they but, supposing that an official or regular statement of will find that it was the eastern members that supparticulars will be published, we shall defer a long ported and the southern who opposed all these things; notice of it until prepared to make due record of the and that, if there is any merit in the present talk of transactions of the day, which belong to us and our the British about "relieving trade of its shackles," it children. The procession was a mile and a half is only a borrowed one; being the principle on which long, and contained about 8,000 persons, of whom, the "Virginia school" has acted from the beginning 2,000 were masons, splendidly dressed, according to until this day. And what has become of the "comtheir different orders. The troops were not numer-mercial states," of which so much was said in the ous, being only as an escort. The collection of peo- days of the convention?-the 'voice of the fishermen? ple was exceedingly great-the streets, through which -the memorials and petitions of the merchants for the procession passed, were filled, as were also the 'protection'-and a thousand et ceteras that might be houses on them. Seats were provided for 15,000, to added? But, what has the British government done? hear the oration pronounced by Mr. Webster. The What law has passed which admits the products of ladies present, amounted to many thousands, and it is the people of other countries into a fair competition estimated that not less than 60,000 men witnessed with those of the people of Great Britain? Will Amethe ceremonies. 4,400 plates were set for dinner, at rican flour, American cotton goods, or American mathe grand dining place, and every one was occupied.nufactured books, be admitted-boots, shoes, leather A number who fought in the battle, 50 years before, or, indeed, any article which the soil and people were present-these were all accommodated with of that country can supply, unless at a rate of duty carriages. The whole number of persons who were that amounts to a prohibition? Has the British coloactors or spectators on this occasion, could not have nial system been abolished-has trade been made been less than 150,000! equally free, even to British subjects and among themselves? Is the wheat of Canada admitted on the same terms or principles on which goods are forced on the consumption of that country? Is the duty on sugar, if imported from the British West-Indies, the same as if imported from the British East Indies? When these questions are answered by any who laud the British "free-trade" policy!!!—others will be tendered.

Mr. Webster's oration will be published. It was, no doubt, worthy of the time and place when and where it was delivered. Gen. Lafayette enjoyed the scene to the full. He is in fine health and spirits.

THE WEATHER was excessively hot for several days past. On Tuesday, the thermometer ranged from 87 to 97°-according to location. In what might be esteemed as comparatively cool houses, it stood at 93. In other places of business, which could not be regarded as being extraordinarily confined, it was at 97.

WHEAT. As Mr. Huskisson, in his late speech in parliament, would not suffer the British people to consume foreign wheat, though they might obtain it at half the price which the product of their own country costs them, it may be amusing, as well as useful, to shew what was the price of wheat at different places, during the last year, and the average price in London at the same times: the prices are in sterling money, per quarter, and taken from returns made to parliament. Month. Places.

THE CROP OF GRAIN never was more promising than at present. A super-abundant harvest is expected. Where shall we find a market for the surplus? England will not take bread from us at half the price for which she can raise it for herself, though offered in exchange for gauze, bobbin or buckram. Yet we meet with the following queer remarks in the last number of the "United States Literary Gazette," published at March, Odessa, Boston on the 15th instant:

Sept.

Price.
15s. 9d.

St. Petersburg, 27
Lisbon,
Dantzic,
Emden,

Price at London.

64s. 9d.

59 8

24 9

57 2

22 5

66 9

20 S

Do.

Do.

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"The maxim, that it is best to let the natural course October, of commerce alone, appears to be one which govern- Decem. ments, whether despotic, limited or popular, are least Do. willing to learn. The British government are leading the way, in this department of improvement, with decided steps; and it is among the deepest mortifications, which an intelligent American is called on to suffer, that his government, whose very key-stone is the abolition of absurd prejudices, should still cling to the miserable dogmas of the theory of restriction and protection."

Septem. Philadelphia, 36 0 53 11 (last week) These are sufficient-but it is worthy of special notice that, even at Calais, which is within sight of England, the price was nearly one half less than it was in England, in December last.

This is very strange language to come from New-England, which has profitted more by the "ab- FLOUR AND GRAIN. A bill has passed the British surd prejudices" in favor of "restriction and protec- house of commons to allow the consumption of waretion" than any other section of the United States. We housed Canadian wheat, on the payment of a duty of have heard such things before, and from our "eastern 10 shillings per quarter. It is to be accompanied with brethren" too; but have always had to remark the "certificates of origin," and queer fears were express ingenuity with which they retired from a discussion ed least some "American" grain might be mixed with about the "bounties and allowances" made to the the products of his majesty's Hege subjects in Canadi You. XXVII-17.

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