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ing the last eight years he commanded, (with few intermissions), at Baton Rouge, where he imbibed the disease which has put a period to his career.

In any of the feuds which are so very fatal to the discipline of an army, or the comfort of its component parts, major Whartenby never took part. He has been heard to declare, that, he never was arrested, nor ever gave, or received an offence which required expiation on the field of honor. His manners were so bland as to extinguish envy in inferior natures, and yet so correct, and firm, as to shield him from the injuries or indignities, which (assumed) superiors some times dare to hazard. Yet, all this, in eighteen years service!!!

Go, brave man, honor has been thy fortune, may immortal happiness be thy reward.

THE BRITISH PRINCES.

It appears that though the persons of the princes are "sacred," their property may be taken for debt.

In the course of a debate in the British house of commons, on the 27th of May, Mr. Brougham, speaking of the finances of the royal family said-"There was the duke of York whose income was so far below his expenditure; whose circumstances were so incompetent to support the dignity of his high station; who was so much overwhelmed by debts and embarrassments that his property was every day subject to execution; who could not even go to a common horserace course without seeing his coach and horses taken for debt; and who was so often thrown into difficulties which any private gentleman would think degrading and disgraceful."

["Dignity of his high station," and "common horserace course!" Mr. Brougham was quizzing the royal and right reverend duke.]

CATHOLIC QUESTION. The following curious analysis of the late division in the house of lords on the Catholic question, is from the "Scotsman:" Age.

Under 40

40 to 50

[blocks in formation]

Difference,

Majority. Minority.

15

23

[blocks in formation]

It appears by the above statement, (observes the Scotsman) that the majority of young lords are in favor of emancipation, and the number of lords above 60 years of age are 1 to 2 against it, so that, in a few years, in all probability, the measure will be carried in the house of lords. The strength of the opposition, therefore, lay in men whose opinions belong to the last century, not to the present. Every body knows, that after Harvey had demonstrated the circulation of the blood, no physician then living, above forty years of age, would believe in the doctrine!

FOREIGN NEWS.

From London papers of the 14th June. Great Britain and Ireland. The right hon. Charles R. Vaughan, ambassador to the United States, embarked on board the Phaton frigate, at Portsmouth, on the 10th of June.

The Dutch corvette Pallas, captain Rysk, sailed from the same port, June 8th, with his serene highness the duke of Saxe Weimar, for Falmouth, whence she is to proceed to the United States.

The harvest in both England and France promised to be very abundant.

A new association of catholics is to be formed. The lamb and sheep's wool imported into Great Britain, in the three years, 1822, 1823 and 1824 was, respectively, 19,058,080 pounds, 19,366,725 lbs. and 22,550,090 lbs. exclusive of about 1,000,000 more from Ireland. More than one half of the wool imported comes from Germany, and about one-fourth from Spain.

A chartered company is about to be formed for raising silk in England, and forming plantations of mulberry trees. Mr. Agar, of Camdentown, has already eight thousand white mulberry trees growing in his plantation.

There are many of the tales of the Arabian Nights Entertainments yet extant and unpublished, in the public library at Cambridge. The rev. Dr. Wait, it is said, is engaged in translating three new volumes.

A few days ago, was sold at Evans', Pall-mall, for 32 pounds 12 shillings, to the duke of Buckingham, the first tract ever published on America. It was the celebrated letter of Columbus, which was long supposed to have been lost, and was unknown to Robertson when he wrote his History of America. There were two editions printed, one with a date and the other without.

The enormous sum of two thousand guineas was offered to madame Pasta, if she would have engaged to remain in this country, and sing at the king's theatre, exclusively, for the remainder of the season. Her engagement at Paris forced her to depart, and to forego the tempting offer.

Great complaints are made of the delays in the court of chancery, in England. Among other facts, to show how expensive all chancery litigations are, it was stated, that the late Mr. Ricardo, apprehending some contest about the disposition of a portion of the property left by him, had set aside, in his will, a sum of 150,000! to meet the expenses of the anticipated chancery suit. A commission of the two houses of parliament had been named to inquire into the subject, at the head of which, the lord chancellor himself was placed!

There have been some very heavy failures in Dublin-among them that of the lord mayor. The people seem to have been much agitated by reports that certain of the banks would stop payment-but they stood the pressure. It is said that "business is lite rally suspended."

American stocks, London, June 14. Three per cts. 804; six per cents. 1812, blank; do. 1813, 921; do. 1814, 941; do. 1815, 974; New York State or Canal stock, five per cents of 1837, 103; do. 1845, 105; do. six per cents of 1837, 1121; do. 1845, 114, with dividend from 1st of April. Bank shares, with dividend from 1st January, 125. Louisiana five per cents of 1849, 103 a 1044; Virginia six per cents of 1844, 111.

France. A Paris paper of the 11th June says-We learn from Bordeaux that general La Serna and Valdes are still in that city. There is no mention made of their return to Spain: but it is generally supposed that before they decide upon crossing the Pyrenees, they wish to know if their conduct in Peru will be made a subject of inquiry at Madrid; and as there can be no doubt but that the Spanish government will demand some explanation respecting the capitulation of Ayacucho, those gentlemen are not likely to enter Spain for some time. The cargo of the ship Ernestine is estimated at ten millons. Valdes and his companions in arms freighted it completely. The riches brought by these officers, who are about 40 in number, consists principally of ingots of gold and silver. One of the ingots of gold alone, which was presented at the custom-house of Bordeaux, was found to weigh 320 pounds, from which its value may be said to ba about 500,000 francs.

The crown of France, which was placed on the pears that they devoured 1841 horses, 1243 foals; head of Charles X. at the coronation, is valued at 1807 horned cattle, 733 calves, 15,182 sheep, 726 eighteen millions and a half of francs, or 740,000l.lambs, 2545 goats, 183 kids, 4190 swine, 312 sucking sterling, or 3,363,400 dollars. pigs, 703 dogs, 673 geese.

Portugal and Brazil. The British ship of the line Wellesley, sailed from Lisbon, May 25, for Rio Janeiro, to touch at Madeira, having on board sir Charles Stuart and suite. Sir Charles Stuart is furnished with full powers, from the king of Great Britain, as commissioner, mediator and plenipotentiary, to put an end to the differences between Portugal and Brazil. He has concluded the negotiation with which he was charged in Portugal, and now proceeds to Brazil with a prospect of terminating the differences between the two countries in a manner consistent with the interest of both.

Italy. Milan, May 30. We have, at this moment, the emperor and empress of Austria, the king and queen of Naples and the two Sicilies, the archduchess Maria Louisa, the duke and duchess of Modena, the grand duke of Tuscany, the viceroy and reine of Italy, the prince and princess of Salerno, &c. Milan has been all life since the arrival of the good and excellent emperor. Fetes have followed each other In rapid succession; and sir Henry Wellesley, the English ambassador at Vienna, (now here with the court), presented the English to the emperor and empress, at the palace, a short time after their majesties arrival. They were received with the greatest kindness, and their majesties conversed separately with each. The general illumination was most splendid. It is supposed that nearly two millions of colored lamps were displayed on the occasion. The arena, holding 40,000 people seated, was filled to witness chariot and horse races; about one hundred thousand | persons were collected in the Champ de Mars, for whom there was an accommodation within the amphitheatre. The grand ball given by the nobles, to which none under that rank, (foreigners excepted), could be admitted, was most splendid; the rooms, which are magnificent, held nearly 1,400 people. All the crowned heads in Milan were there. The fete given by the city at Scala, where above 6,000 persons were admitted, was unique of its kind. No gentleman was admitted, who was not either in uniform, court dress, or domino. The emperor, empress and all the court, promenaded amongst the company, and conversed most graciously with the individuals known to them. Private balls and grand dinners have been given by the ambassadors and nobility, and it may be with truth said, that Milan never was so gay and brilliant as at this period. In a few days the emperor goes to Genoa, where he remains a week, and returns here. It is hoped that their majesties will reside some time in Milan, where there presence diffuses so much joy around them.

[Now great and grand as all this was-what was it compared with the late celebration of the anniversary of the battle of Bunker's Hill?]

Greece. See various official papers, page 349. The following is another version of the late Greek victories, &c. It is stated that Ibrahim Pacha, desparing of being able to hold out any longer at Modon, had embarked on board of an Egyptian squadron lying there, with an intention of returning to his native country. Canaris, the Grecian admiral commanding part of the blockading squadron, taking advantage of a favorable wind, sailed in the night in the midst of the Egyptian fleet, and grappled one of their frigates with a fire ship-two or three other fire ships were equally successful.

The fire having spread, the conflagration illuminated Cabrera, the Greek island, Saplenza, and the precipices of Mount Egialeus. The sight now became truly terrible; on all sides were seen vessels grappling running foul, flying and sinking, mingled with the shrieks of soldiers and sailors in the burning vessels. Several ships, however, succeeded in gaining the open sea, and it is from six damaged transports, just arriv ed in our port, that we received the first news of the grand disaster experienced by the Mahometans, whose loss is estimated to amount to nearly seventy vessels, wrecked, burnt and sunk! The coast was covered with fires, and it was thought that Ibrahim Pacha had perished in this terrible catastrophe.

Ibrahim, previous to this engagement, offered to capitulate, on condition of giving up the fortresses of Coron and Modon; but the Greeks were not willing to suffer him to escape on such easy terms. The traitor Odysseus, abandoned by his soldiers, it was expected would share the fate of Colcotroni and the other factious chieftains. The defeat of Redchid Pacha, at Anatolica, and the burning of the Egyptian fleet, on the night of the 12th of May, are confirmed beyond all reach of doubt.

"Spanish America." The king of Spain has yet three garrisons on the continent of America; one in Chiloe, near Valdiva, Chili; another in Callao, near Lima, Peru; and a third in San Juan de Ulloa, near Vera Cruz, Mexico.

Colombia. The public and private armed vessels of this republic have recently made many valuable captures. They cruise almost within sight of every im portant Spanish port-bearding the lion Ferdinand in his very den! Alas! poor don!

Chili. The finances of this republic are in a very bad state. For several years past there has been an annual deficit of 700,000 dollars. The custom house produces very little. The civil officers had been ten months without pay-and great arrearages are owing to the military. The national credit was at the lowest point of depression, and a forced loan of $400,000 would be required, if it was supposed that the money could be obtained!

Peru. In consequence of the miserable state of the treasury, Bolivar has cut down the salaries of all the public officers one half.

Sweden. The cultivation of flax has so increased in Sweden, that, in many principal markets of the interior, not a pound of Russian flax can now be sold. It is added, that most kinds of Russian flax are infe- West Indies. Property to the value of 400,000 dolrior in strength and fineness to the flax of Helsinge-lars was destroyed at Aguadilla, by fire on the 12th land, and still more to that of Angermanland, where The crews of two American vessels in linen is manufactured in great quantities, which is port checked its extension, after 34 houses had been equal, if not superior, to that of Holland. burnt, and 14 pulled down.

of June last.

Denmark. In the kingdom of Denmark, not includ- Canada. The ship Moffit of 821 tons, and the ing the duchies, the excess of births, last year, was Juliana of 648 tons, arrived at Quebec on the 10th and 14,756, of which, 4,328 were in the diocess of Zea-11th instant direct from Canton, the one with 10,000 Iand alone Many vessels perished in the North Sea and Cattegat, during the storms of April.

and the other with 7,000 chests of tea. These vessels are the first which ever arrived at Quebec from CanRussia. On the 5th of April, two women, walking ton, and their cargoes, being the first ever imported at Riga, in a solitary part of the city, were torn to into Canada direct, caused some excitement at Quepieces by a pack of dogs which had no master. By bec. The consumption of Canada is estimated at an official account of the devastation committed by 12,000 chests annually. [We shall now have a plenty wolves, in the government of Livonia, in 1823, it ap-of smuggling.]

"Right of Instruction."

ESSAY NO. VI.

May 18, 1825. SIR: I informed you, in the essay of the 16th inst. that I should "continue and conclude this subject in another essay." It follows.

policy to do it"-because, he continues, by way of illustration, "whoever appoints BISHOPS and JUDGES, (at pleasure, or for short periods), will dictate LAW and GOSPEL."

tracted so much of Mr. Adams' argument, as is fairly It is proper to remark here-1st, that I have only exwhoever doubts the fitness of the word "sage," in its and manifestly applicable to my purposes. 2d, that application to this illustrious personage, or his book, as a pure and sublime standard of democratic authority, will only have to READ it and be CONVINCED, as

I think I have clearly shewn, in the preceding essays, that we had no distinct orders in our political society to be distinctly represented in the several branches of the government-that each of the branches was intended to represent the whole body of the peo-I have been. ple, in the legislative, judicial and executive departments of the government-and that, the distinct bodies of electors in the "state legislatures" and "electoral colleges," of the states, are altogether unnecessary and unnatural in our system.

But it is nevertheless true, that these "unnecessary and unnatural bodies" do exist, and constitutionally exist, amongst us. And it is almost equally certain, that the features of those "distinctions without differences"-those cancers of the body politic, were smuggled into the constitution, and are preserved in it by the lovers of monarchy and aristocracy amongst us, in imitation of those BLESSING and BLESSED ORDERS and DISTINCTIONS, in the government of mother Eng land! I could laugh at those contrivances, if it was not for the effects which they have already had amongst us, and the future danger I see in them.

The clouds and storms of party heats and passions, have happily passed over without leaving behind them any deep traces of their ravages amongst us, and are almost silently sinking in the space beyond and vapours of party prejudices should be dissipated our political horizon. It is time then, that the mists also, and that we be left in the free and unbiassed "use of reason and the senses," to make the most of the many political advantages with which the Almighty has been pleased to bless us.

We have been told by Mr. John Quincy Adams, in his reply to the committee who announced his election to the presidency by the house of representatives, under peculiar circumstances, arising from the unnatural mode of election, that, “in this state of things, could my refusal to accept the trust thus delegated to The constitution has proscribed the SHADOWS and form and to express, with a nearer approach to uname, give an immediate opportunity to the people to created the SUBSTANCE of those orders amongst us! nimity, the object of their preference, I should not and thus it is that, merely for the sake of form, and hesitate to decline the acceptance of this eminent without the least shadow of reason or right, we have charge, and to submit the decision of this momentseen the body of the people of the union-our "Solo- ous question again to their determination. But the mons in council," and our "Sampsons in the field," constitution itself has not disposed of the contin"SHORN" of their direct and sovereign power and in-gency which would arise in the event of my refusal." fluence, in Two branches of the national government, by one act of political legerdemain-and that, by another, the exercise of the assumed "right of arbitrary instruction" by the state legislatures, we have seen it most daringly and flagitiously attempted to deprive them of their direct consequence and influence with their delegates, also, in the THIRD BRANCH of their government!

And surely no one acquainted with the history of his political career, can, in the least, doubt the truth of the assertion.

who was, undoubtedly, one of the greatest statesmen, And finally—we are told by Alexander Hamilton, if not one of the best, that ever figured in this or any other country-that "nothing can be more evident than that an exclusive power of regulating elections for the national government, (or either branch of it?) in the hands of the state legislatures, would leave the existence of the union entirely at their mercy. They could, at any moment, annihilate it, by neglecting to provide for the choice of persons to administer its affairs. It is to little purpose to say, that'a neglect or omission of this kind would not be likely to take place. The constitutional possibility of the thing, without an equivalent for the risk, is an unanswerable objection. Nor has any satisfactory reason been yet assigned for

Surely then, it is time-and full time, if the existence of the union is regarded as a blessing to us and to the world, that the constitution be so altered as to RESTORE TO THE PEOPLE the right of choosing the senators, and the presidents and vice presidents of the United States. For, if history and experience teach us any one political truth, that is more deserving of the attention and regard of mankind than another, it is this-that the great body of the people are the SAFEST depositories and dispensers of their political powers. Montesquieu asserts, as fundamental maxims in de-incurring that risk. The extravagant surmises of mocracies, that "the people, in whom the supreme power resides, ought to do of themselves whatever they conveniently can; and what they themselves cannot rightly perform, they must do by their representatives" and that "the people should choose their representatives"-because, they "are not properly theirs, unless they have the nomination of them." See Vol. 1, page 25, "Spirit of Laws."

The SAGE of QUINCY, the late president Adams, tells us, in his admirable work in “defence of the American constitution," vol. 3, page 419-420, that the body of the people is the fountain and original of all power and authority, executive and judicial, as well as legislative; and the EXECUTIVE ought to be appointed by the people, in the formation of the constitution, as much as the legislature. That "the people are represented by every power and body in the state, and by every constitutional act they do"-that, "it is true the body of the people have the authority, if they please, to empower the legislature (or other) assemblies to appoint the executive power; but it would be a fatal error in

that character. If we are in a humor to presume distempered jealousy, can never be dignified with abuses of power, it is as fair to presume them on the part of the state governments, as on the part of the general government. And, as it is more consonant to the rules of a just theory, to entrust the union with the care of its own existence, than to transfer that care to any other hands; if abuses of power are to be hazarded on the one side or on the other, it is more rational to hazard them where the power would naturally be placed, than where it would unnaturally be placed. Federalist, page 370.

Here we see that this great man was in earnest; reasoning, as he really and justly thought, upon the subject of the general government and in favor of the union; as if he was pleasingly conscious, as he undoubtedly was at that moment, of the great and lasting benefit he was conferring upon his adopted country and mankind, in promoting the establishment of the one and the perpetuity of the other.

Hence I repeat-that it is time-“AND FULL TIME,” that the constitution be so altered, as to RESTORE to

the people the right of choosing the senators and the
presidents and vice presidents of the United States.
Permit me to "conclude" with the assurance that I
am, with great respect, a Marylander, as well as
A FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICAN.

Mr. Clinton's Address,

all, to the moral power of freedom, which animates all the energies of man, and furnishes inducements to activity, that no other state of things can exhibit. With all these advantages, you have felt the paralytic effects of the want of markets for your surplus productions. Cut off from almost all profitable communications with the great market towns of the Atlantic, your principal reliance has been on the consumption produced by emigration, and on the small profits elicited by distant, expensive and difficult transportations. You will now have not only the markets of New Orleans and New York, but of Phi

New York, in their connexion with the Susquehannah and lake Ontario, which must speedily be formed, will furnish almost all these vast accommodations.

After performing the ceremony of breaking ground for making the Erie and Ohio canal, on the 4th July, 1825. When Mr. Ewing had concluded his oration, Mr. Clinton rose and addressed the audience as follows: He began by stating-That no language could de-ladelphia, Baltimore and Montreal. The canals of scribe the sublimity of the scene, or the auspicious consequences of the proceedings of this day. As for himself, he could not restrain the expression of the feelings which animated his bosom on this occasion. The day which he had long looked for, with extreme solicitude, had at length arrived-a day of joy and congratulation to all the friends of freedom and union, and which would lay the foundations of both on an imperishable basis.

This great work will also confirm your patriotism, and make you proud of your country. Every man of Ohio will say, not in a tone of rhodomontade, but in a spirit of temperate encomium, see what my country has done in her juvenile state! And if she has achieved this gigantic enterprise in infancy, what will she not There is, said he, a peculiar fitness in the selection effect in the maturity of her strength, when her popuof the natal day of the American nation, for the com-lation becomes exuberant and her whole territory in mencement of one of the greatest works of the age. full cultivation? And your sister states, and the civiliz If this day has established our freedom and ven used world will be astonished. It will exhibit a spectacle, a national being, it will also consummate the pros-unprecedented and amazing-an infant wielding the perity of the American people, and stai farther ex- club of Hercules, and managing the lever of Archialt our national character in the estimation of the medes with irresistible power. civilized world. When the eagle, in its first flight from the aerie, soars to the heavens, looks at the sun with an unfailing eye, and bears in its talons the thunderbolts of Jove, who will not admire this sublime sight?

The completion of this work will form a navigable communication between our great lakes or mediterranean seas and the Gulf of Mexico, the bay of New York and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It will open three avenues from our vast interior to the Atlantic ocean. It will form a cordon of navigable circumvallation round the most fertile and extensive portion of the United States. Its blessings every man can foresce, but no human being can predict all the auspicious influences which will spring from this state of things.

It will unite the East and the West, the North and the South, by identity of interest, by frequency of communication, and by all the ties which can connect human beings in the bonds of friendship and social intercourse. The union of the states will be as firm as the everlasting hills; and from this great epoch in our history we may dismiss all fears of a dismemberment of the American republic.

But I shall no longer engross your time, which has been more profitably directed to the very able and eloquent discourse, just now pronounced. Suffice it to say. that all your energies will be awakened-that, at the expiration often years from the completion of this work, clear annual revenue of a million of dollars will be at your disposal, which will, of course, be applied to all beneficial purposes; that every citizen of Ohio will feel the exaltation of his country in the conduct of his own life; that your fame will be co-extensive with civilized man; that the benedictions of the most remote posterity will follow you; that the wise and good of all countries, and of all times, will look back to you with respect, and will be ready to exclaim with the great legislator of the Jews: "blessed of the Lord be this land, for the precious things of As a channel of commerce-as a stimulus to ma heaven, for the dew and for the deep that coucheth benufactures as a source of revenue-as an encou-neath, for the precious things of the earth and fulness ragement to agriculture, it will excite into activity all thereof." kinds of productive and laudaole industry, and diffuse a spirit of emulation and a power of exertion, of which nothing but actual experience can furnish an adequate idea. It will be a great school of ingenuity that will produce eminent engineers and mechanicians. It will be a guardian of morality, by rousing the human mind from a state of torpidity and inactivity. But there are other considerations which press with irresistible force in estimating the merits of this great undertaking

The history of Ohio, from its forest state to the present period, is without a parallel in the bistory of mankind. Her existence, as a confederate state, does not extend beyond twenty-three years, when her population did not exceed fifty thousand souls; and her first effective settlement reaches back little more than thirty years. She now has a population, moral, patriotic and intelligent, of near eight hundred thousand human beings; and of the twenty-five millions of acres, contained in her territory, perhaps not one-seventh part has been brought to a state of cultivation.

To what has this great increase of population been owing? To the unsurpassed fertility of your soil; to the undoubted salubrity of your climate; but, above

The following is an extract from Mr. Ewing's oration. "To the first projector of the magnificent work, of which this is the extension-to you, [gov. Clinton], our illustrious and honored guest, we tender the respectful and high consideration of a people, who greet you as the friend and benefactor of their country. Early impressed with the advan tages to be derived to your native state, from the judicious application of her resources to the improvement of internal commerce, you were the first to propose that magnificent work, which is now the pride of your state and the admiration of the nation. Through good and evil report, whether the popular voice applauded or condemned, you were its constant, tried and unyielding advocate: your labors have been crowned with success: the work is consummated, and stands an honorable and enduring monument to your wisdom and patriotism. Citizens of Ohio-the grand work which is this day begun, is the effort of our infant state, yet in the cradle of her prosperity. In other countries, where works of this kind have been effected, they were the achievements of national maturity, after ages of progressive improvement had passed away. But our state has not grown up like other nations, by the slow and gradual increase of

stationary people, but has drawn from her sister states, and the various nations of Europe, a portion of their talent, their strength, and their enterprise: exhibiting, at once, all the vigor and freshness of youth, the strength and firmness of manhood, and the wisdom of age. Great as is the undertaking, your powers are equal to its completion; be but united, firm and persevering, and if heaven smile on your labors, success is sure. Animated by the hopes and cheered by the prospects of our individual state, we this day join, with the assembled millions of our fellow citizens, to hail the anniversary of our national independence. We join in thankfulness and gratitude to the Ruler of nations, for the past blessings, which he has showered upon our favored and happy country; and in fervent aspirations, for the continuance of her prosperity, and the perpetuity of her

union."

Gov. Troup and Major Andrews. [For the letter referred to by gov. Troup, see the last number of the REGISTER, page 332.]

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Milledgeville, 28th June, 1825. SIR-1 call your attention to a letter purporting to be yours, and addressed to the agent, in extenuation of your conduct for the act of suspension, and published in a paper here of this morning, called the Patriot. If this letter be authentic, you will consider all intercourse between yourself and this government suspended from the moment of the receipt

of this.

G. M. TROUP.

T. P. Andrews, esq. special agent, Creek agency. Extract of a letter from major Andrews to gov. Troup, dated Princeton, (Indian Nation), 4th July, 1825. "I acknowledge the receipt of your communication of the 28th, which has given me pain as a man, but which causes no uneasiness, on my part, as an agent or officer of the general government. It has given me pain as a gentleman, because I think I can perceive that you feel compelled, (I presume from a sense of public duty), to transfer the pursuit by the

such a letter as, from my letters of the 31st of May, 8th, 18th and 23d June, to yourself, and our frequent verbal communications, as well as those verbal and written to your aid-de-camp and friend, col. Lumpkin, you ought, in my opinion, to have anticipated; and such an one as, I was convinced, 'for the honor of human nature,' (to use your own eloquent language), you expected.

Your excellency informs me 'that, if the letter is authentic,' I am to consider all intercourse between your government and myself as 'suspended.' Be it so; I know of no intercourse between your government and myself, which is at all necessary, which is not, on your part, perfectly voluntary and agreeable. Being an officer of the general government, I can go on to discharge my duties fearlessly, according to the dictates of my conscience, and to the best of my judgment; and, if I am to be added to the list of the proscribed, for interposing the shield of my government to prevent the destruction of a man doomed to be condemned without a hearing or trial, I wish that suspension not only continued, but absolute and per

manent.

As your excellency has thought it your duty to address me your letter of the 28th June, I have felt it my right to reply to it; and to inform you that I can now see, so far as the examinations have progressed, and they have been both numerous and important, no cause for the accusations against the agent, unless in his inflexible integrity and firmness, in stemming a torrent of corruption, disgraceful, in my opinion, to the national character. A sense of duty compels me to say, that, in using these expressions, I have no allusion to your excellency; for I sincerely believe that the same persons who have caused this outcry against the Indian agent, have abused that confidence which your excellency was compelled to reposé in consequence of your official station.

With high respect and consideration, I remain your excellency's obedient servant,

(Signed) T. P. ANDREWS, Special agent. To his excellency George M. Troup,

Governor of Georgia, Milledgeville."

authorities of Georgia, from the Indian agent to the Gov. Troup & the Attorney General.

(FROM THE NATIONAL JOURNAL.)

special agent of the United States' government. It causes no uneasiness on my part, as an officer or agent of the government, because I cannot suppose, for a The following correspondence will sufficiently exmoment, that my government will censure me for plain itself. It is to be lamented that governor Troup doing an act of sacred duty to the Indian agent, at the had not taken the trouble to inform himself a little same time that I performed, in suspending him from more accurately as to the facts, before he suffered his functions, an act of courtesy to yourself and go- himself to indulge in an invective against the admivernment, which you thought necessary to the ascer- nistration, through the sides of the attorney general. tainment of unbiassed testimony. Had I entered into It will be observed, that not only is the offensive refeelings of denunciation against the Indian agent, be-mark imputed to the attorney general by governor fore his trial, or suspended him without doing him pre- Troup, disproved by all the judges of the supreme sent justice, by a frank exposition of the reasons court, who have yet been heard from, by the repor which actuated me in doing so, I should, indeed, have ter, and by the very eminent gentleman, Mr. Emmet, apprehended the disapprobation of my government, whose letter is among those annexed; but, that the (to which alone I look in the discharge of my duties), attorney general, at the time, openly and solemnly because that government is administered by men declared, that the executive had no part in the case pre-eminent for temperate and reasonable councils, then under argument, and that the positions which and who cannot be induced, by any consideration, he should maintain in the discussion were entirely to violate the rights guaranteed to every citizen of his own, for which he, and he alone, was responsible. our country, however humble, by its constitution, and by the immutable principles of justice.

This declaration, we are told, was elicited by a paragraph which appeared in one of the papers of "Your excellency calls on me to avow or disavow this city, on the morning on which the attorney gethe letter to the Indian agent, of which you appear neral was expected to speak, intimating that the pubto complain. With the exception of a few typographi-lic could now have an opportunity of hearing, through cal errors, I own it as my letter. I send you a cor- the attorney general, the sentiments of the executive rect copy. It is such a letter as my sense of justice on the subject of the slave trade, and by a similar imperiously called on me to address him, in perform-suggestion from one of the counsel opposed to him. ing a harsh act towards him-was approved of by my Mr. Wirt to Chief Justice Marshall. best judgment, such as it is-is approbated by a mar, WASHINGTON, July 2, 1825. who, for wisdom, stands inferior to few, and in honor SIR: In a late official communication by gov. Troup to none and such an one as, I confidently trust, will to the legislature of Georgia, I find myself charged receive the approbation of my government. It is with having maintained before the supreme court of

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