405 NILES' REGISTER-AUGUST 27, 1925-FOREIGN NEWS. which he recommended to you at the opening of the "It is a particular gratification to his majesty, that "His majesty is happy to be able to announce to you, that he receives from all foreign powers the strongest assurance of their friendly disposition towards this country; and of their desire to maintain a general peace. "While his majesty regrets the continuance of the war in the East Indies with the Burmese government, he trusts that the gallant exertions of the British and native forces, employed in operations in the enemy's territory, may lead to a speedy and satisfactory ternination of the contest. "Gentlemen of the house of commons, "We have it in command from his majesty to thank you for the supplies which you have granted to him for the service of the present year; and at the same time to express the satisfaction which he derives from the reduction you have found it practicable to make in the burdens of his people. "My lords and gentlemen. "His majesty has commanded us to assure you, that he is highly sensible of the advantages which must result from the measures you have adopted, in the course of this session, for extending the commerce of his subjects, by the removal of unnecessary and inconvenient restrictions, and from the beneficial relaxations which you have deemed it expedient to introduce into the colonial system of this country. "These measures, his majesty is persuaded, will evince to his subjects in those distant possessions the solicitude with which parliament watches over their welfare. They tend to cement and consolidate the interests of the colonies with those of the mother country; and his majesty confidently trusts that they will contribute to promote that general and increasing prosperity, on which his majesty had the happiness of congratulating you on the opening of the present session, and which, by the blessing of providence, continues to pervade every part of this kingdom." The ordinary sources of revenue have yielded 1.1,713,601 more than they did last year, though several taxes have been repealed. 3 per cents, July, 6, 874; 4 per cents 981. The Fly, S. W. from South America, last from Rio with $4,049,500 arrived at Plymouth on the 16th. The Egeria, had also arrived from Mexico, with $200,000. The king rides out without a military guard! [The president of the United States rises before day, and bathes alone in the Potomac.j The work of excavating a tunnel under the Thames is going on. It is intended to answer in lieu of a bridge. A steam boat is plying between London and Hamburg, and the passage is made in from 52 to 56 hours. The thermometer at Liverpool on the 18th July, was up to 64, which was higher than had been known for several summers. sented her coronation robe to the rector of the church The duke d'Angouleme is expected to visit Eng land shortly. gen. Gourgand, in consequence of some personalities to Scotland, the native country of his father: and vate mad-house. She is generally very melancholy, the possession of a picture-dealer at Paris, who strength. His name is Ruboga, an Italian by birth. quency of executions, at Madrid, has produced so of amnesty to the political offenders of the 30th charged with political offences-among them, one in Ostia, and three other unhealthy towns. The pa- amounts to 349,190-during the last year only seven another naval victory over the Turks-that, on the France. The whole kingdom is tranquil-the price of stocks was improving. The dauphiness has pre "Provisional government of Greece. The enemy's fleet had appeared near Cavadore, defend the centre of the liberty of Greece. The fleet, composed of about 100 ships of war and transports, having on board troops and provisions of all kinds, has dispersed, after an obstinate combat with our seamen, on the 1st and 2d June, between Cava dore and Andros. Topal pacha, with much difficulty, saved himself, with 22 of his vessels. The second squadron of our fleet is in pursuit of them. In the midst of the action an enemy's frigate and the admiral's ship were burnt by our fire ships. Topal pacha was not however on board his ship; he had probably supposed that, this time as before, our fire ships would be directed against the admiral. Several vessels and another frigate, which were dispersed and pursued, ran aground on the coast of the isles af Tino and Syra. The greater number of the transports were taken and carried into Hydra and Spezzia. The remnant of the enemy's fleet is dispersed about the Egean sea, and, according to all appearance, will fall into our hands. What makes us hope for the total destruction of the enemy's fleet is, that the first squadron of our fleet, yesterday, joined the second which fought the battle, and both together will do their utmost to cut off the retreat of the Mahometans. "CHIKAS BALASSIS, Vice president, "A. MAVROCORDATO, Secretary. "Napoli di Romania, June 5." The latest report is, that the Egyptians have not been so completely defeated as heretofore stated that Ibrahim yet held his ground in the Morea, and that Redschid pacha had gained some advantages. Other accounts say that the Greeks were doing well. The confidence with which the Greeks anticipate their independence, and the solidity of their government, may be, in part, estimated from the fact, that they have established a broad and liberal system for the general education of youth. almost all printed languages. Of these 290 are in French and 215 in English. Sweden. The king has obtained of England the admission of young sailors into English vessels to learn navigation. The Russian frigate Kruizer, which sailed in November, 1922, on a voyage of discovery, has arrived in England-it is stated that she made no discoveries. Egypt. It is stated that the plague has broken out in Alexandria-perhaps to accommodate the speculators in cotton! The locust is said to be making frightful ravages in Egypt-perhaps to destroy the growing crop of cotton. There is no faith to be placed in such reports, when great mercantile speculations are afloat-yet the rumor may be true. A talari is equal to four francs-or nearly 75 cents; so the great canal that the pacha has commenced, estimated to cost thirty millions talari, is equal to 22,750,000 dollars. East Indies. "Perish the invaders!" The British at Rangoon are dying-off rapidly. Two regiments had been reduced to 100 men each. "Success to the patriots," as the British and their friends used to say about the Spaniards, fighting for the thing Ferdinand and the "holy inquisition." The Calcutta gazettes, of February 21, contain despatches from col. Richards, commanding the army that marched against Assam, announcing that the whole of the province of Assam had been evacuated by the Burmese, in pursuance of a convention made between col. Richards and the Burmese commander. The affair was considered of so much importance, that the guns at Calcutta were fired on the occasion. Brazil. It is pretty broadly hinted in some of the English papers, that lord Cochrane has brought home, and for his own use, all the money that he levied on the people at Pernambuco, Maranham, &c in the name of the emperor, don Pedro, and that admiral Jewitt has been arrested as accessory to the fact. This news is said to have been received from Brazil. It is added that Cochrane will not return to that country-and that the frigate will be sent back to Rio; but that her crew had been paid off, with leave given them to remain in the service or abandon it. The latest accounts are contradictory or vague. It scems, however, that the Egyptians, after being totally defeated over and over again, and nearly all killed off, according to our accounts, have succeeded in cap turing Navarino. But there was a great deal of hard fighting in the neighborhood. Nicetas, Ulysses, and other leaders, late disaffected, had renewed ther alle- Peru. The bombardment of Callao was about to giance to the Greek cause, and were again employed. commence. This fortress is a very strong one, and The captain pacha, after his loss by the fire ships, great preparations were necessary to insure the proshad succeeded in joining what remained of the Egyp-pect of success in forcing a surrender, except by startian squadron, in some of the ports of Candia. It is stated that gen. Goura has put to death the Turkish garrison of Solona, 6,000 in number, because he found that they had, contrary to promise, massacred all the Greeks, on entering that place. The Turks had surrendered on capitulation, which Goura revoked on that ground. A subscription for the Greeks was made at the Paris exchange, on the 12th ult. More than two millions of francs, nearly $400,000, were collected in one day. Germany. It is noted that the German merchants have shipped a quantity of iron chamber-stoves to Hayti-the British, not many years ago, sent cargoes of grates and stoves to Buenos Ayres! In consequence of the great quantity of fine wool, sent to Leipsic fair from Austria, Southern Russia and Prussia, the profits of the Saxon lords, arising from their flocks, has been, for some time. much diminished. To remedy this inconvenience, the lords applied for an injunction to prevent the peasants breeding so great a number of sheep, alleging that all landed property belonged to the lords and labor to the peasants. The supreme tribunal, to whom the application was made, has decided that, no stipulations or conventions to the contrary being in existence, the peasant ha equal liberty, with his lord, to extend his industry and augment his flocks! vation, being closely blockaded. A decree has been issued by the government of Peru, confiscating all Spanish property that shall be, in future, introduced into the territory, under whatever flag it may be found, and the vessels, also, in which it is brought, are to be deemed good prizes, &c. Paraguay. The dictator, don Francia, has suppressed all the convents or houses of religious orders. All the property in them is declared to belong to the state. Naval Court Martial. Thursday, August 18. The court, consisting of the members named in the last REGISTER, assembled at 10 o'clock. The precept from the secretary of the navy calling the court, having been read, the judge advocate administered the oath to the members, and afterwards was himself sworn by the president. Commodore Charles Stewart was then asked if he had any objections to make against any of the members of the court; and having replied in the negative, the charges and specifications were read as follows:" CHARGE IST-Unofficer-like conduct. Specification 1st-In aiding and assisting, during the months of May, June and July, in the year 1822, an There are four thousand different editions of the American ship called the Canton, an American ship bible in the collection of the king of Wirtemburg, in I called the Pearl, an English brig called the Sarah, and 410 NILES' REGISTER-AUGUST 27, 1825-NAVAL COURT MARTIAL. a French ship called the Telegraph, and other vessels, Specification 2d In sailing, with the United States' Specification 3d-In employing, in or about the 11th day July, 1822, the naval force of the United States, under his command, in preventing the commander of the Peruvian brig Belgrano, from enforcing the laws and instructions of his government, by taking and sending in for adjudication an American ship called the Canton, detected in rrying or an illicit trade, to the injury of said government, in being concerned in the pccuniary profit of and transactions of the aforesaid, the Crates Specification 4th-In transporting, or sizing to us transported, on board the United States oper Dolphin, on or about the 6th day of May, 18, one Eliphalet Smith, with goods and merchandise for sale, on private account, and permitting said Smith, to to carry his own private goods and merchandise, and samples of goods, not designated for the use of the said schooner Dolphin, on board the said schooner, under the protection of the flag of the United States, to certain ports, viz:-Arica, Quilea, and other of the Intermedios; and to employ a national vessel of the United States, as a place for the said Smith to sell, and display for sale, such of his goods, when such traffic was, in itself, illegal and contraband, and such conduct tended to the disgrace of the navy of the United States. ing the periods mentioned in the last preceding specifications, protection and aid, of an extraordinary Specification 9th-In affording, at various times durthe business of which he, the said Charles Stewart, and Eliphalet Smith, were interested, to the neglect and illegal kind, to the Canton, and other vessels, in of other vessels engaged in a lawful commerce, to which he was in duty bound to afford protection, but in the profits of which they had no participation. among other articles, 90 bolts of canvass, 251 casks Specification 10th-In purchasing from the said ship, of wine, 335 lbs. copper nalis, paints, oils, &c. ostenthe Canton, at Valparaiso, in the month of April, 1822, sibly for the use of the Franklin, when such articles were not necessary for said vessel, and, in fact, were not employed or consumed in her; and when the said ship, the Franklin, had been amply provided with such of the said articles as were necessary for her use. Specification 11th-In employing, or causing to be employed, on various occasions, at Valparaiso, and re, in the ports of the Pacific, during the year arpenters and other persons attached to the Having pay from the United States, De Canton, Wasp, and other without any proper or adequate reapensation to the individuals P son, and w Specification h-In receiving on board the Frankthus craplyea. in one captain Eliphalet Smith, and permitting him to remain there for nearly a year, engaged in private traffic, and employing the naval forces of the United States in subservience to the views of said Smith. Smith to carry despatches, board vessels, and perSpecification 13th-In employing the said Eliphalet by the officers in the service of the government, for form other duties, which ought to have been executed Specification 5th-In employing, in the month of in the prosecution of his private concerns. August, 1822, and at other periods in that year, the the purpose of affording him, the said Smith, facilities schooners Peruvian and Waterwitch, then in the sor-of the cargo of the Canton, some time in August, 1822, vice of the United States, in traffic, and carrying mer- to be shipped on board of the Peruviano, then in tow Specification 14th-In permiting the cargo, or part chandise on private account. Specification 6th-In lending aid and countenance of the Franklin, and ostensibly a public vessel, and to the violators of the revenue laws of the govern-and samples of the goods thus put on board the Peruin receiving, or permitting to be received, and carried ment of Peru, at various times between the arrival of viano, for the purpose of furthering the sale of the on board the Franklin, the supercargo of the Canton, the ship Franklin in the Pacific, in the month of February, 1822, and her departure from thence, in 1824, by permitting and aiding sundry persons in carrying off from the shore, coin, bullion, plata-pina, and other articles, contrary to the laws of said government, without the permission, authority or knowledge of the custom-house officers and local authorities, and to deposite the said articles, so smuggled, on board the public vessels of the United States, then under the command of the said Charles Stewart. said cargo. remain on board the Franklin for a long period of time, in the year 1822, one capt. John O'Sullivan, the commander, and one Specification 15th-In receiving, and permitting to Canton, for the purpose of aiding them in their prisubservient to individual interests. Ward, supercargo of the vate traffic, thus making the national vessels and flag Specification 16th-In taking on board, and carrying Specification 7th-In permitting at various times, the month of March, 1823, horses, with their equipwithin the periods mentioned in the foregoing specifi-ments, for the use of general Canterac or some other in the Franklin, from Valparaiso to Quilca, in or about cation, specie, bullion, plata-pina, and other articies, royalist general; thus furnishing aid and assistance designated to be transported from Peru, in violation to the one party, in a military contest, in violation of of the laws of that country, clandestinely, at night, to be the duties of a neutral officer. brought on board of the public vessels of the United States, then under his command, and in transporting public vessels of the United States, and articles paid said articles in the boats of the said public vessels, at for by the government, for the use of said public vesSpecification 17th-In employing the crews of the sea, and out of the control and reach of the authori- sels, in building and equipping three small schooners, ties on shore, to certain vessels, bound to distant ports, which were not required for the public service, and after such vessels had undergone the examination of which did not and do not belong to the government. the custom-house officers; such transportation being Specification 18th-In permitting, or causing to be without the authority, permission or knowledge of made by the crew of the Franklin and other public said officers, but designed as a fraud upon, and inva-vessels, out of materials which had been purchased sion of, the laws of the government of Puru for the service of the government, sails, &c. for the use of the private ship the Canton, in the month of August or September, 1822. 1822, sails, canvass, and other articles belonging to the government. Specification 19th-In permitting, or causing the Dolphin, a vessel of the United States, to carry from Callao to Guayaquil, in or about the month of Sep-in tember, 1822, money, sails, &c. for the purpose of placing them on board the Canton. Specification 20th-In permitting Wm. A. Weaver, then a lieutenant in the navy of the United States, and borne on the books of the said ship Franklin, to absent himself from said vessel, and from his duties on board, during the entire cruise of said ship, from the month of September, 1821, until the arrival of the Franklin within the United States, in the month of August, 1824, without any necessity or excuse of a public nature. Specification 29th-In permitting to be taken from the public stores, in the month of September, 1822, April and November, 1923, and January, 1824, and at divers other times, saws, copper nails, iron nails, iron spikes, iron and ammunition, and given or sold, on private account, without rendering a faithful and true account thereof to the government. CHARGE 2d-Disobedience of orders. Specification 1st-For that, in express violation of his instructions from the honorable the secretary of the navy, dated the Sth day of September, 1821, he, the said Charles Stewart, in the year 1822, then commanding the United States' ship Franklin, did aid and assist an American ship called the Canton, an American ship called the Pearl, an English brig called the Sarah, and a French ship called Telegraph, in carryports in Peru, called the Intermedios, aiding and assisting said vessels in violating the laws and decrees of the government of Peru; and in transporting and landing arms, military stores, and other contraband articles; and in protecting the said vessels from the consequences of such illegal conduct, by employing, or threatening to employ, the naval forces of the United States in their defence. Specification 21st-In approving the muster rolls of the Franklin, wherein it was made to appear that the said William A. Weaver was actually on board saiding on an illicit and contraband trade with certain ship, and performing the duties of a lieutenant on board, from the commencement of said cruise up to December 31, 1523, whereas he, the said Charles Stewart, well knew the said Weaver to be absent from said vessel, engaged in his own private concerns, during the whole of said period. Specification 22d-In directing and causing the purser of the said ship, the Franklin, to transmit to the navy department false and erroneous transcripts from the muster rolls of said ship; by such false and erroneous transcripts representing to the navy department that he, the said William A. Weaver, was absent from the said vessel in charge of stores, at Callao, when, in fact, no such entry was ever made in the original muster-roll, and when he, the said Charles Stewart, well knew that he, the said Weaver, was not at CalJao, and also that there was no public stores at Callao of which he could be in charge. Specification 23d-In causing the purser of the said ship, the Franklin, to enter on the muster-roll of said vessel, on or about the 16th of November, 1824, that he, the said William A. Weaver, was absent from said ship without leave, from the 1st of August, 1832, whereas, he, the said Charles Stewart, had approved the muster-roll of said vessel, by which it was made to appear that the said Weaver was actually on board up to December 31, 1823. Specification 24th-In permitting the purser of the said ship, the Franklin, at the port of Arica, in June, 1822, to send on shore for sale, large quantities of clothing and other articles, brought out in the said ship for the use of the officers, by which means, when those articles were required, it became impossible for the officers to procure them from the purser. Specification 25th--In sending, or causing to be sent, at various times, in 1822 and 1823, on board the Canton, a large number of musket cartridges, and other military stores, belonging to the government, which articles were entered on the books of the Franklin as expended in that vessel in the regular course of public service. Specification 26th-In sending, or causing, or permitting to be sent on board the said ship, the Canton, on or about the 26th day of July, 1822, several articles from the carpenter's department, of which no entry was made on the books of the Franklin. Specification 2d-In employing, on or about the 11th day of July, 1822, the naval forces of the United States, under his command, in preventing the commander of the Peruvian brig Belgrano, from enforcing the laws and instructions of his government, by taking and sending in for adjudication an American ship called the Canton, detected in carrying on an illicit trade to the injury of said government. Specification 3d-In transporting, or causing to be transported, on board the United States' schooner Dolphin, on or about the 6th of May, 1822, one Eliphalet Smith, with goods and merchandise for sale on private account, and permitting said Smith to carry such, his own private goods and merchandise, not designed for the use of the said schooner, on board the said schooner, under the protection and flag of the United States, to certain ports forbidden by the laws of the country. Specification 4th-In lending aid and countenance to the violators of the revenue laws of the government of Peru, by permitting and aiding sundry persons, at various times between the arrival of the Franklin in the Pacific, in the year 1821, and her departure from thence, in 1824, to carry off from the shore specie, bullion, plata-pina, and other articles, contrary to the laws of said government, without the permission, authority, or knowledge, of the custom-house officers and local authorities; and to deposit articles so smuggled from the shore, on board the public vessels of the United States, then under the command of him, the said Charles Stewart. Specification 5th-In assisting, with the naval forces of the United States, then under the command of him, the said Charles Stewart, in defending and protecting persons and property engaged in smuggling, from arrest and detention by the lawful authorities of the government of Peru, at the times mentioned in the last preceding specification. Specification 6th-In permitting to be received, and Specification 27th-In causing, or permitting to be used, a large number of hoops and other materials, in receiving on board the said ship the Franklin, and belonging to the government, and the crew of the other vessels under his command, at various times, Franklin and other vessels under his command, to be within the periods aforesaid, within the jurisdiction occupied in making kegs to hold specie, &c. deposited of the said government of Peru, certain persons who, on board said vessels, and not accounting to the go- by the laws of said government, were obnoxious to vernment for the money charged to, and received capture and punishment, spies and officers in the from, the owners of said specie, &c. an account of royalist army, and in protecting said persons from seizure and punishment, contrary to the express insaid kegs. Specification 28th-In sending, or causing, or per-structions given to the said Charles Stewart by his mitting to be sent, on board the Canton, for the use government, and in contravention of his duties as of said private vessel, on or about the 26th of October, the commander in the service of a neutral nation. In 412 NILES' REGISTER-AUGUST 27, 1925-AFFAIRS OF THE CREEKS. particular, in receiving or permitting to be received Specification 7th-In unlawfully, and in violation of binson Crusoc-to the receiving on board of Eliphalet Smith--to the receiving of specie and transporting it frain from going into a more copious abstract from -to the absence, of lieut. Weaver, &c. &c. We refrom the court. a respect to the former decision, and a later request Affairs of the Creeks, &c. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, CHARGE 3d-Neglect of duty. SIR-A letter purporting to be yours, which ap Geo. Milledgeville, 6th Aug. 1925. Specification 1st-For permitting and authorizing tract my attention. Immediately therefore on my peared in the last Georgia Journal, and having every William A Weaver, a licutenant in the navy of the return to this place, inquiry was made at the decharacteristic of an official one, could not fail to atUnited States, attached to the Franklin, and bornepartment for the original, and I learned with surprise on the books of that vessel, to absent himself from that none such had been received. The proper said ship, and from his duties on board, during the means were then resorted to, to ascertain the authenentire cruise of said ship, from the month of Sep- ticity of the published letter, and having been satistember, 1821, till her arrival within the United States fied that the same was in your proper hand writing, in the summer of 1824, without any necessity or rea-I have lost no time to direct you to forbear further son of a public nature. intercourse with this government. Specification 2d-For that, whereas Horace B. Specification 3d-In not having his men regularly your conduct to the president, I have ordered you to be furnished with a copy of every letter written on Having thought proper to make representations of your subject, and which will reach you in due time. next in command in this military department, will be received and attended to. Any communication, proceeding from the officer Maj. Gen. E. P. Gaines, commanding. G. M. TROUP. (Signed) of which has been intentionally delayed till the result SIR: Your letter of the 25th of June, addressed to Department of war, July 21, 1825. of general Gaines' interview with the Indians at major Vandeventer, has been received, the answer Broken Arrow should be received, as the president had anxiously hoped, on the acquiescence of the Insum-dians to the treaty, to have found the necessity of reCHARGE 4th-Oppression and cruelly. Specification-In confining Joshua R. Sands, a lieu-ceived, have entirely destroyed that hope, a reply has plying to your inquiries entirely obviated. But as tenant in the navy of the United States, and under the become necessary. The Indians, to the number of the communications from gen. Gaines, recently reimmediate command of the said Charles Stewart, in 1890, including a large majority of their chiefs and an unusual and unnecessary manner, on board the head men of the tribe, have denounced the treaty, as Franklin, from the 9th of October, 1823, until the tainted alike with intrigue and treachery, and as the 13th of April, 1824, without taking any measures to act of a very small portion of the tribe against the exbring the said Sands to trial for any alleged miscon- press determination of a very large majority, a deduct, and in continuing said oppressive and cruel termination known to the commissioners. They urge conduct, subsequent to the said 13th of April, to the that to enforce a compliance with an instrument thus manifest and great injury of the health of said Sands. obtained, would illy become either the justice or the Commodore Stewart being then required to plead magnanimity of the United States, under which they to these charges, pleaded "not guilty," and put in a claim to take shelter. These are allegations prewritten request to the court to be allowed the aid of senting a question beyond the cognizance of the execounsel in his defence, and a stenographer to take cutive, and necessarily refers itself to congress, notes of the proceedings. after the next annual meeting. Meanwhile the president, acting on the treaty as though its validity had whose attention will be called to it on an early day not been impeached, finds, by reference to the Sih article of the treaty, the faith of the United States solemnly pledged to protect the Creek Indians from any encroachment till their removal in September, 1826. He therefore decides that the entering upon and surveying their lands before that period, would be an infraction of the treaty, whose interpretation and exe cution, should it remain uncancelled, are alike confided to him. I am therefore directed by the presi present, he will not permit such entry or survey to be made dent to state distinctly to your excellency, that, for the The court was then cleared for deliberation; and, on the doors being re-opened, it was announced that the court had acceded to the request of commodore Stewart to be allowed the aid of counsel, under the following restrictions: that every motion or proposition, on the part of the accused, should be made in writing, and such document should be presented to the court through the judge advo ate. The court also acceded to the request of com. Stewart to employ a stenographer, with the express condition that such stenographer should only take notes for the use of the accused, during his trial. Lieutenant Hunter was then called and sworn, and his examination by the judge advocate consumed the time until the usual hour of adjournment. His evidence, as first lieutenant of the Franklin during her cision is diminished by the recollection that it intercruise, principally related to the intercourse with the feres with no duty imposed on your excellency by the The pain the president has felt in coming to this deCanton, Pearl and Sarah-to the building and em- laws of Georgia, as a discretion is given you, by the ploying of the schooners Peruviano, Wasp and Ro-late law of the legislature, in prescribing the time |