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THIRD SERIES.

No. 1-VOL. IV.]

BALTIMORE, MARCH 5, 1825. [VOL. XXVIII. WHOLE NO. 703

THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES, AT $5 PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.

The matter for this day's REGISTER has been held in a state of suspense, by the prospect of obtaining a copy of the inaugural address of the new president: it was received by express. The editors of the "American" politely supplied us with a copy, and we have the pleasure to lay it before our readers. See page 8.

In our next paper we expect to give a list of all the acts passed at the late session of congress, and elose our journal of its proceedings. A number of important papers, &c. however, will thereafter remain for publication.

Mr. Kremer has published a long address to his constituents, in support of his charges against Mr. Clay; which has been followed by a statement made by Mr. Brent, of Louisiana, of a conversation which he had with Mr. K. (while the matter of the "card" of the last named was before the house of representatives), wherein Mr. K. declared "that he never intended to charge Mr. Clay with corruption or dishonor," &c. This conversation was also heard by Mr. Little, of Maryland, and Mr. Digges, a citizen of Washington, who have confirmed it. Having published the "card" and all the other articles belonging to this unpleasant affair, we feel called upon to give Mr. Kremer's address and the opposing statement, though sincerely regretting what appears to us the necessity of doing so; and with an apprehension also, that further publications on the same subject may take up more room than it will be agreeable to our readers to have occupied with it. But the uniform practice observed in the management of this work must be maintained -which is, that, in all matters of controversy, both sides shall be treated impartially, whatever our own opinion of the case may be.

The present state of our country is surely one on which the friend of man, in every clime, may congratulate himself. We have our own domestic preferences and prejudices, and differences of opinion about men and things-but still the system goes on and dispenses blessings to all the people of this widely extended republic, whether resident near the snowcapt mountains of the north, or breathing the perfumed air of the orange groves of the south-whether bordering on the broad Atlantic, or seated upon the mighty rivers of the west; which, like arteries in the human body, give life and spirit to the extremes of the land. There are now four citizens living who have filled the presidential office, and successively wielded all the patronage and power of that most honorable place, neither of whom has any more pretension to influence, or party to support him if he aimed at possessing it, than other eminent citizens enjoy. In Jaying down the presidency they marched directly into the rank of citizens, and we have no jealousy of them. Their advice will always be respected as that of venerable fathers should be; but we are without apprehension of their power to do evil to the republic, even if we could believe them disposed to sully the reputation which they have gained. How much matter for reflection is there in the facts here presented -in the occurrences that lately took place in the election of a new president-in the peace and prosperity of the people at large-in the march of mind and progress of improvement-in short, in the general triumph of our institutions over the fears of their friends and the predictions of their enemies!

and dispassionate review of certain late political events, in the hope that, while all deference is paid to conflicting opinions, my mite may be contributed to induce some more and more to love their country, and rally round its constitution and laws, as the ark of the common safety.

A NEW REPUBLIC! We give a detailed account of the late final proceedings in Peru, to the exclusion of some domestic articles, in a belief that the intelligence from that interesting country will warm the heart of every friend of liberty and the rights of man. The long continued and desolating war for the emancipation of South America, is at an end-and the people of four republics, Colombia, Peru, Chili and Buenos Ayres, have nothing now to do, but to proceed seriously to work to reduce into order and consolidate the principles which they have maintained by the sword. Colombia has well performed the part of an elder sister; and her noble chief, BOLIVAR, by his disinterestedness and valor, may well be said to have "covered himself with glory." May he persevere-and, at the close of his useful life, like our own WASHINGTON, have the pleasure to behold the rich fruit which the tree of liberty bears, in the increas ed and increasing happiness of his fellow-men!

MEDALS. On Saturday, last, in the presence of a number of gentlemen assembled for the occasion, the president of the United States presented the residue of the medals voted to certain officers, in testimony of the sense which the nation entertained of their services in the late war. The ceremony was interesting, and the several addresses, with the replies given thereto, shall be preserved, as belonging to the history of our country. The medals presented were

To major generals Brown, Scott and Macomb; to general Jessup, for major general Harrison; to Mr. Houston, of Tennessee, for major general Gaines; to Mr. Marvin, of New York, for major general Porter; to Mr. Webster, of Massachusetts, for brig. general Miller. General Gaines was prevented from attending by sickness. The others that were absent were not expected to have been present.

THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. Judging by the late London papers, the messages of our president have become quite as interesting to the British people as the speeches of their king are to us. This is certainly a great deal gained, when we recollect it has been proudly intimated that America was seldom thought of in England, except at Liverpool! And besides, the manner in which Mr. Monroe's message, on opening the late session of congress, is spoken of, is kind, liberal and manly. Take the following brief extracts from two long articles which appear in the papers named.

The Times says "It is not merely as the last message which Mr. Monroe will ever communicate in his character of president, that we consider this an interesting production. To a lover of humanity and of public liberty, it possesses the valuable qualification of describing an amount of national prosperity, enjoyed by a people who speak our language and are cemented to Englishmen by a common blood and lineage, superior to all that has been recorded of any community on earth. Towards foreign states, the president indulges a spirit of uniform and impartial It is my intention to speak of these things at con- good will. Aloof from the anxieties and heart-burnsiderable length, in which shall be embraced a coolings of the old world, he disclaims all share in those

Vol. XXVII-k

systems of policy which engage, combine, or distract] We most heartily greet the good feelings ma the European powers. The balance of power in Eu-nifested in the preceding extracts, and will gladly rerope is declared to be a thing indifferent to America. ciprocate them. Circumstances have placed the UnitThe growth of the new republics, near neighbors to ed States and Great Britain in many and severe points the United States, the sympathy between their re- of opposition, and old prejudices are not easily respective institutions, are dwelt upon with natural moved: and, if there have been too strong attachments exultation by Mr. Monroe; and we are happy to see, in some of our people, whereby the antipathies of he reiterates the maxim that no enemy from Europe others were too strongly excited, it is equally cer ought to be permitted by the United States, to molest tain that we have not been treated by Englishmen or disturb the independence of South America with with that degree of respect which our rank among impunity. It is announced as a reasonable expecta- the nations of the earth, and our condition as the best tion, that Portugal will shortly recognize the sove- customer that they had, have undoubtedly deserved. reignty of Brazil. England is spoken of in terms of It is no matter what has brought about this apparent cordial respect and amity. The abolition of the slave change-it is sufficient that it has taken place, and trade is pronounced to be an object "near the heart" we are glad of it. "England with all her faults," of both nations." now is the citadel of liberty in Europe-the only power competent to obstruct the march of barbarism in the old world, as devised by the "holy alliance;" and she acknowledges that which they all rejectthe right of revolt in an oppressed people. See the subsequent article.

It commends him also, for the manner in which he spoke of Lafayette-and, after noticing the reception of the general by congress, adds-"Who does not envy Lafayette's feelings, and still more the feelings of those who did him this homage? Upon the whole, the speech of the American president would repay the most studied and profound attention; and, as we have already hinted, might be taken as a useful model for great personages in other parts of the world, when they profess to enlighten their subjects by a royal view of the national interests and concerns."

THE SOUTHERN REPUBLICS. A London paper of the 4th January says "The following is the substance of the communication made by Mr. Canning to the foreign ambassadors: "That, in consequence of the repeated failures of the application of his majesty's government to the court of Spain, relative to the recognition of the independent states of South America, his majesty's servants have come to the determination to send charge d'affaires to the states of Colombia, Mexico, and Buenos Ayres, and to enter into treaties of commerce with those respective states, on the basis of a recognition of their independence."

The "Courier" highly approves of those proceedings of the British cabinet, and says that they have been officially communicated "to all our allies, through our ambassadors and ministers at their re spective courts."

The Public Ledger speaks of the message even more warmly, and remarks-"It is, as usual, a glowing picture, though as free from exaggeration as possible, of the influence which good institutions, with a wise government, have upon the lot of a people. Their good effects are so perceptible in the present instance, that they offer a most triumphant refutation of the miserable sophistries which issue occasionally from the imperial presses of Vienna and St. Petersburgh. If we compare the situation of the Americans, as it is described in the simple language of their president's message, with that of the subjects of their imperial majesties, how the contrast strikes us; whilst it confirms those political predilections which we share in common with all freemen. In one country, we see every thing having a tendency to make man what his Creator intended him to be, lending itself to this grand social consummation-universal education cherished; industry encouraged; person and property enjoying the most perfect protection; and the population increasing with a rapidity to which we can find no pa rallel, and, what is extraordinary, without the vice or [It is stated in the Paris papers, that the king of the misery with which it is too often accompanied in Netherlands will follow the lead of Great Britain, in other countries. We may use this language now, in acknowledging the independence of the South Amespeaking of the Americans, without hurting the pre-rican republics.] judices or the pride of a single Englishman; for their

The French papers continue to complain of the British act with respect to South America. The Etoile says, "the principles of Austria, Russia, and Prussia, as well as France, are at variance with what Britain has done. If her object be commerce, France never will consent that she stipulate for exclusive privileges. Considered in a political point, England has committed a dangerous act by the example which is thus given to her colonies."

prosperity, instead of proving a source of alarm to FRANCE AND COLOMBIA. A letter from St. Barthous, has materially contributed to our own; whilst lomew's, dated the 8th February, received at New their emulation in the arts which we cultivate in com-York, says "I presume that you have heard that the mon, has served only to call forth the energies of French government has made a demand on the Veneour national character."

ed. We have a Colombian privateer which arrived here on the 6th instant, from Laguira, and brings news for your government. I understand they permit neutral vessels to come cut, but none to go in."

zuelean government at Puerto Cabello, for property "Their foreign policy, as it regards Europe, con- captured and carried into that port, and condemned sists, according to the message, in cultivating peace under their flag, and that the said place is declared to and friendship alike with all nations, and in carefully be in a state of blockade, (until it is given up), by a abstaining from all interference in their disputes. frigate, two brigs and a schooner. A 74 is waiting the But this abstinence does not extend to transactions, result at St. Pierre's, Martinique, ready to go, in case where European and American interests are mingled; the demand shall not be complied with, and detain and here the message takes a lofty, though not an as-all Colombian property until full satisfaction is obtainsuming tone. It states distinctly, that any attempt to interpose by force in the affairs of the new states of the American continent, will be regarded as hostile to the interests of the United States. This important declaration is made without the slightest air of bravado, but it will tell better on this account; and the simple AFRICA. The brig Hunter sailed about a month and almost indirect manner in which it is made will since from Norfolk, for Liberia, the seat of the encourage no European power to slight it. In speak- African colony. She had on board sixty-seven emiing of the relations with those new states, the mes-grants, several of whom had been emancipated by sage contains no novelty, except a hope that it expresses that Portugal will speedily recognize the independence of Brazil."

their masters, that, in the land of their ancestors, they might assist in the building up of a nation of free blacks. We heartily wish success to this project, and,

NILES' REGISTER-MARCH 5, 1825-MISCELLANEOUS.

if the happiness of the people who proceed thither is advanced, it cannot fail to do good, and must be grateful to every feeling mind: yet, we are apprehensive that it cannot have any sensible effect as to an accomplishment of the great thing aimed at-a reduction of the colored population in the United States.

THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, of the state of Pennsylvania, has offered a long list of handsome premiums, for the best specimens of no less than eighty-two different branches of manufactures!-to be exhibited This valuable at Philadelphia in October next. society has already been exceedingly useful in exciting a generous spirit of emulation, and, undoubtedly, acquires strength as it goes on.

CREEK INDIANS. Private letters received at Wash ington, from Georgia, state that the commissioners of the United States have succeeded in making a treaty with the Creek Indians, by which they have agreed to cede and relinquish the title to the whole of their .lands within the limits of the state of Georgia.

COTTON begins to be cultivated in considerable quantities in Virginia. It is stated that some planters, not far from Richmond, appropriate from 20 to 100 acres of land annually to the growth of this staple. When the history of this valuable plant, in our country, is recollected, we ought not to be surprised if it shall be advantageously raised much farther

north.

present, there being upwards of 250 sail, nearly all of
which are loading, or engaged to take cargoes to the
numerous ports in the world."

From

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN THE U. STATES.
the synodical and presbyterial reports presented to
the general assembly at their last session, it appears
that there are under the care of the assembly, 13 sy-
nods, 77 presbyteries, 1,979 congregations, 1,027 mi-
nisters. The number of vacant congregations is 769;
licentiates 173; candidates 195. The number of com-
municants added during the past year is 10,431, and
the whole number of communicants 114,955. The
number of adult baptisms during the year has been
collections for missions $6,995; for commissioners'
2,120, and of infant baptisms 15,942. The amount of
fund $2,692; for the theological seminary, $1,465;
for presbyterial fund, $370, and for education fund,
7,938 dollars. As the reports are made only once in
four years, we shall have no further returtis till the
year 1828.

PASSENGERS. A statement is annually laid before
congress, by the secretary of state, (says the National
This state-
Journal), showing the number of passengers that
have arrived in the United States, from, all foreign
countries, during the preceding year.
ment is made up from the returns of collectors of
the customs, and exhibits, not only the rumber of
the passengers, but also the age, sex and occupation
of each, if known.

From the report, submitted on Monday, it appears that the whole number, (including American citiMARYLAND. The legislature of this state adjourn-zens), that arrived in the United States, during the to 9,560, viz: ed on Saturday last. The "Jew bill," as it is called-year ending on the 30th of September last, amounted or a bill to alter the constitution so as to relieve persons from political disqualifications on account of their 1824, religious opinions, has again passed both branches of the legislature-in the house of delegates by a vote of 1st quarter, 1823, 1,391 26 to 25; only 51 out of 80 members being present. Before it is effective it must be passed by the next succeeding legislature. A law abolishing the imprisonment of females for debt has also passed, as well as a supplement to the usury law in favor of bona fide holders of negotiable securities, where those securities have been tainted with usury in their inception.

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FLORIDA. A census of Florida has been ordered
The St. Augustine
by the territorial government.
paper says, that such has been the recent influx of
population, that it will be found that Florida is en-
titled to claim admission as one of the states.

CANADA. The population of Upper Canada, amounts to 151,097 souls. The excess of males over females is 6,381.

NEW-ORLEANS. Extract from a letter dated Jan.

1st do.

24

Males. Females. Age and sex, Total.

not stated.

291

365

2,037

817

101

128

1,056

do.

do. 1,919

522

531

2,972

do. 2,095

617

788

3,500

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3d do.

Total 6,222

[Of the preceding it is probable that not more than 5,000 persons came under the class of emigrants. If to these be added 1,000 more, who have come to the United States, by way of the Canadas, we have about the whole amount gained by emigration for the last year: during which, it may be calculated, that parts of the world, and on account of the wandering The real gain, by emigration, is a habits of seamen. we have lost at least 3,000, by removals to various small matter compared with the natural increase of the population of the United States-Ed. Reg.]

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19-"At present this place is all business and bustle, in consequence of the immense quantity of cotton which arrives here daily, may say hourly. There are no less than 16 or 20 steam boats, averaging about 50 horse power, and bringing from the upper countries from 800 to 1,500 bales each, weekly. To- Upland bacco, sugar, rice, &c. also arrives here plentifully; Brazil but cotton is the principal article raised on the coast of the Mississippi for upwards of 500 miles from the mouth of the river. From the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers, we have also extensive arrivals of cotton. On the same day on which the cotton arrives, it is nearly all bought up by the merchants, who are from all parts of the world. It is all sold for cash, credit on cotton being entirely out of the quesFor six months in the year there is no place in tion. the world where business is carried on to such an extent and on such favorable terms to the disposer.

Our port exhibits a grand display of vessels at

1823.

1822. bales, 35,468 37,475

1824.

32,968 35,39

46,071

70016

1,715

2,462

4,240

34,691

28.

15,099

10,251

340 15,027

119,60 117,561 143,260

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2,132

5,796

8,407

306

318

856

2,893

7,548

753

All other

1,909

1,920

1,773

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13,921

Louisiana
Upland
Sea Island
Brazil

Stock-31st December in each year.

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In the half year ending, June 24th, 1824.

PHILANTHROPIC. It will be seen by the subjoined correspondence, which a friend has transmitted to us from Gibraltar, that the American naval commander in the Mediterranean, the worthy commodore Creighton, made a humane attempt last autumn, to rescue some of the Spanish patriots from the fangs of their oppressors. Though the Spanish general O'Donnell, was not then under the necessity of shedding blood, he was not long afterwards employed in that work by

Foreign, 4,151; Ireland, 2,200; coasters, 3,650; to- orders from the court. Our correspondent writes tal, 1,000 vessels. Tons, 1,180,917.

thus, under date of Gibraltar, December 15th, 1824. [Nat. Gaz. "There are many of these unfortunate beings, the NEW STEAM ENGINE. The Newport Mercury states Spanish constitutionalists, in this bay. Driven from an experiment has just been made in crossing Bris- Spain and not being admitted to land in Gibraltar, tol ferry, with a steam engine without a boiler, in-they are compelled to remain on board of small vesvented by Mr. John Babcock, of Portsmouth, Rhode sels in the bay, wherein they subsist chiefly by the Island. The experiment was completely successful, bounty of strangers and the fish they catch alongside. and we, (says the Providence Journal), shall be Among them are colonels and various officers of dismuch gratified if its practical utility can be com- tinction, with their families, without means to go to pletely established. Gentlemen, however, in whose any other country. This spectacle would harrow alknowledge of mechanical principles we have much most any heart." confidence, express doubts of the success of this invention. The following is the description of the engine:

"U. S. SHIP CYANE, Gibraltar Bay, Oct. 25, 1824. "YOUR EXCELLENCY-I have heard with deep con"The substitute for a boiler, of a ten horse power cern, that a number of Spanish subjects are to be engine, consists of two sections of cast iron tubes, shot to death to-morrow, at Algeziras, for having one inch thick, each 16 fect in length, in lengths of committed an offence against the laws of Spain, the 34 feet, and averaging 1 inch bore, and containing justice of which punishment, I will not presume to about 3 gallons, placed horizontally in a small fur-call in question. Should it however be in your exnace, S by 41 feet and 3 feet high; the end of one cellency's power to pardon these unfortunate and tube enters into the top of a cylinder 64 inches in deluded men, may I ask, in the name of humanity, diameter; the end of the other enters into the bottom; that this act of clemency may be extended towards the other ends go out on opposite sides of the fur-them, and whether the examples already made, will nace, and to each is attached a small forcing pump, not answer the ends of justice?-But, if your excelone inch in diameter, and they are alternately work-lency cannot pardon, may I hope that you will posted by gearing attached to the cross head-the cylin- pone the execution of their dreadful sentence, until I der is also enclosed in the furnace, and the length of can write to the minister of the United States, at the strokes of the piston is 2 feet 2 inches-the mo- Madrid, that he may intercede with his most Cathotion is communicated by shackle-bars, in the usual lie majesty, in behalf of these miserable men. Spare way, and there is no variation from the common con- them, I beseech your excellency, and stop the arteries struction of a high-pressure engine to set it in mo- of Spanish blood, which has already been so abuntion, a fire is made in the furnace with a few sticks of dantly shed, and let Spain repose with her children, small wood, or a bushel of coal, and when the tubes but not destroy them. I appeal to your excellency are heated, only three cubic inches of water is inject-with confidence, having heard much of your exceled from the forcing pump upon the hot iron, and is lency's mild and excellent character. instantly converted into steam; a valve, at the same time, being open in the cylinder, it forces down the piston; the other pump then forces the same quanJOHN ORDE CREIGHTON, tity into the tube, another valve is opened, and the Commanding the United States ships and vessels piston ascends, and it continues to operate with unacruising in the Mediterranean. bated vigor, as long as it is supplied with water-the«To his excellency General O'Donnell, commander in chief number of strokes made by the piston, in a minute, is of the royal Spanish troops, Algeziras." about 40, while propelling the boat; and the quan"SIR-I have received your kind letter, dated yestity of water then used, is only a gallon in 4 minutes -it is necessary that it should be fresh water, as the terday, by which you solicit the pardon of some untubes are so small that they get clogged by either salt fortunate Spaniards, whom you suppose under sen or sediment; but this is no objection, as, by adding a tence of death, and to be executed to-day. condenser, nearly the whole can be retained, and weed to you at Gibraltar, is without foundation, and that "I hasten to inform you, sir, that such news, reportbelieve it will be found to combine the four requi-I am not for the present, under the unpleasant necessites, cheapness, simplicity, strength and utility of a perfect machine. The whole space occupied by it sity of shedding human blood, by the authority of the does not exceed that of a small tea-table, and the Ayer may be indefinitely enlarged, without much increase the size; and, with few alterations, it can be easily anted to any engine now used."

"I beg your excellency to accept the assurance of my very high consideration and respect. (Signed)

laws. But should I unfortunately be obliged to resort, again, to such a repugnant and dreadful step, intended to repress atrocious crimes, I have no authority to stop or suspend the execution of the sentence, although desirous to show you, sir, the consideration The editor the Newport Mercury, in announc-which your interference greatly deserves. May your ing this inventio, remarks "we have so often given life be long preserved.

credence to accounts of engines and improvements, that have been found to be wrong in principle, and

(Signed)

JOSEPH O'DONNELL.

"Algeziras, 26th October, 1824.

useless in practice, at we have forborne to an-To the commander of the United States

ships in the Mediterranean."

nounce the present one, ntil it had passed the ordeal of successful experiment-ut we now firmly believe that the experiment of yesterday, has forever settled Annexed is the answer given by the bashaw of the question, that steam may generated in quan- Tangiers, in the name of the emperor of Morocco, to tities sufficient for any power, without the aid of a the demand made by the Spanish government, that "the vassals of his most Catholic majesty," who had

boiler."

taken refuge in Barbary, should be delivered up. The emperor wrote to the bashaw-"Thou hast done well in not giving up the Spaniards-they have taken refuge under our flag and must be protected." The barbarian and infidel monarch appears to great advantage in contrast with the royal dominion of the holy alliance

Answer of the Bashaw. "His majesty cannot, for a moment, entertain the idea of delivering up the persons who came to his dominions, placing trust and confidence in a monarch, just and beneficent, who respects the precepts of God given through his prophet.

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A tax of one per cent. on all property would pay the principal of the public debt of Great Britain in less than twenty years. [Dem. Press.

FOREIGN NEWS,

Stocks, 15th Jan-3 per cent. consols 933-8; Ame

"If the men claimed by the king of Spain be offend ers against the laws, his majesty should suspend their punishment until he be firmly seated in his throne; Great Britain and Ireland. From London papers to and when that period arrives, the emperor will have the 16th Jan. It seems now perfectly understood that a direct understanding with the king of Spain, who the independence of Mexico and the South American may then demand them, for it is the duty of sove-states has been, or is about to be, recognized. reigns to respect and attend to each other's wishes. "If the king of Spain considers these men as of-rican 3's 80; U. S. bank shares 1.24 10s. fenders, because they have not opposed destiny, be it so:-Other kings there are, and friends too of the king of Spain, who do not look on them in that light, and would, moreover, have wished them to have taken refuge in their territories, where they would have been protected.

"The emperor is a lover of clemency, and is not a stranger to the principles of justice; and, therefore, he cannot, without offending God, by breaking the commands of his prophet, accede to the wishes of his friend, the king of Spain."

SLAVE TRADE. According to the last annual report of the London African institution, (for 1824), in one year, 1822, there were shipped from Africa, for Rio Janeiro, 31,240 negroes, of whom 3,484 died on the passage. Into Bahia, above 8,000 were imported the same year. In 1823, the total number shipped for Rio alone, amounted to 21,472, of whom nearly 1,800 died on the passage; and there is reason to think that there was at least an equal importation into the other Brazilian ports, attended by an equal mortality. In the first six months of 1824, the number imported into Rio Janeiro alone, was not less than 26,563, with a mortality of 2,247. The trade for Brazil is carried on north as well as south of the line, in spite of treaties. Brazil ought to be outlawed by the civilized world for her obstinacy in thus openly continuing and encouraging this fell traffic.

plosion in a coal mine at Middletown, by the impraTwenty-two persons have been killed by an exdence of one of the workmen in taking off the top of a safety-lamp.

Mr. Rothschild has taken the remainder of the Brazilian loan-two millions sterling.

The abundance of money in England has caused a rage for speculation, in any and almost every thing, beyond all precedent. A London paper of the 10th Jan. says-Not even the South Sea Bubble, when at its extreme height, presented such a scene of insane eagerness, as that which now prevails in the foreign mining fever. On Saturday, shares in the Real del Monte mines, on which 1.70 are paid, were sold at 1.1,250! To-day, they have been current at 1,500 guineas-and not to be had-buyers eager. A noble earl, coming to the prudent resolution of realizing, is confidently said to have sold, on Saturday, 110 shares at 1,300 guineas each. Assuming the fact, as stated, a clear profit of 1.140,000 sterling, is thus sacked, by a nobleman already possessing one of the largest landed and personal properties in the kingdom! And, from what pockets are these enormous sums extracted? Those of the credulous part of society, who, sighing over the reduction of interest, consequent on the prosperous condition of the country, are tempted to indulge in a species of speculation that may be justly termed insane. From all parts of the country, orders pour in upon the bankers for investments in these bubbles, which, sooner or latter,

The last number of the Edinburgh Review accuses the French government of still conniving at the equip-will swallow up the property of thousands of inment and escape of French slave vessels. It calcu- dividuals, who now indulge in glittering visions, lates that "about 40,000 wretched Africans were worthy only of the inmates of a certain great house carried away in a short period by the connivance of situate in St. George's Fields. In the bubble market, the most Christian king's government, notwitstand-the performers may be divided into two classesing his laws and treaties," and supposes that of these the foxes and the geese-the former raise the bubble, forty thousand, above 9,000 must have perished mise- which the latter seize with all the gullibility of their rably on the voyage. species.

PROPERTY AND INCOME IN GREAT BRITAIN.

The British revenue is in a most prosperous conIndition, and increasing. The abundance of profitable 1814, the whole amount of property in Great Bri-employment causes the taxes to be easily paid. tain and Ireland, as estimated by Mr. Colquhoun, was Spain. It is stated that the inquisition is about to 2,736,640,000l. equal to 12,150,671,600 dollars, or be re-established. It is an institution exactly suited twelve thousand one hundred and fifty millions, six hundred and seventy-one thousand six hundred dolJars: being nearly six times as much as the value of the public debt at that time. The total annual income of the people of Great Britain and Ireland, at the same time, was estimated at 1,919,412,000 dollars, or nineteen hundred and nineteen millions, four hundred and twelve thousand dollars.

The average annual income of the laboring people of Great Britain and Ireland, in other words, the reward for a year's labor, is estimated at 464 pounds sterling, or 200 dollars 46 cents, for each family are

to the gloomy and remorseless mind of Ferdinand, the perjured. Arrests are daily making, on the most trivial pretences, and the prisons are kept full. Blood flows freely. Twenty-two thousand French troops are to remain in the kingdom to support the king in his terrible measures. It happens that whole companies of accused persons are sent to the gallies or the scaffold, without suffering witnesses to be heard in their defence!

Russia. The emperor has addressed a rescript to the minister of ecclesiastical affairs, charging him to exercise the most rigorous surveillance over all pub

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