Comparing the season of 1900-01 with the two preceding, we arrive at a total production of : This means an increase for 1900-01 of 478,000 tons of beet sugar, and 449,000 tons of cane sugar, or a total increase of 927,000 tons, as compared with the preceding This proves that the world's production has trebled during the last fifty years, greatly to the benefit of beetroot cultivation, whereas cane sugar does not even now amount to a third-part of the total consumption. VII. The Success of the Beet Sugar Industry. LEGISLATORS have pushed the cultivation of beetroot, and they have pushed it successfully as we have seen. They have a right to tell economists that their intervention has been fruitful. They have largely replaced cane sugar by beet sugar. They have caused the erection of large factories, and the ignorant gazes with admiration at the figures we have given. Yet production for the sake of production is not the aim of industry; its aim is to sell at a profit; if no outlets can be found a crisis sets in; if the outlets are fictitious, the industry is artificial. What, then, becomes of those millions of tons of sugar? By whom are they consumed? Which are their outlets? and what is the future of their outlets? VIII. Comparison of Consumption. WITH the assistance of the "Bulletin de Statistique," published by the ministry of finances, we have been able to show the consumption of refined sugars since 1875 in France, and the amount of revenue from the duty. We wish to remind the reader that the sugar duty has been: 73 f. 32 per 100 kilog. of refined ... 40 from 1875 to 1880 from 1880 to 1884 By the side of the consumption of refined sugar, we have placed the quantity of raw sugar represented on the basis of a yield of 90 per cent., which will enable us to compare the figures of French consumption with those of Germany, Austria, etc., established on the basis of raw sugar. Consumption in France and Revenue from the Sugar Duty. IX. Consumption per capita and imports in England. WHEN We look at the consumption and production of the various countries, we find that neither France, Germany, Austria, Belgium, nor Holland, consume a halfpart of what they produce. According to Licht (Liste des fabricants de sucre, p. 209), the consumption of raw sugar per head in some of the producing countries, is as follows: We will now give the comparative consumption per capita of France, Germany, Austria, and the United Kingdom. F UNITED KINGDOM. Consumption per capita of Raw Sugar at an Average Yield of about 90 %. FRANCE. GERMANY. AUSTRIA. Consumption per head. tons. kilos. tons. kilos. tons. 1885 378,564 37,800,000 10.01 375,743 45,600.000 8.24 188,445 1897 446,594 38,500,000 11.59 561,882 kilos. tons. kilos 40,500,000 4.65 (1) 12,34 (1) Duty altered August 1st, 1896, consumers having stocked large quantities. 1,275,596 37,700,000 33.83|| |