without injustice refuse to repair to the house, if not of my father, at least of some other relation. I have uncles in the town, where we shall be welcome." We found out one of them, and by him were received with all imaginable kindness, and Neuel learned that his father had lost in the religious wars more than £10,000 sterling,57 and had been obliged to fly to the country, to avoid the tyranny of the English Protestants.

I remained eight days in this house in the midst of continual festivity; and on taking leave to pursue my travels, they thanked me for the assistance I had rendered to Tam Neuel, and in spite of all I could do, repaid me the money I had furnished for his expenses from Limerick.58

A mile from Korq [Cork] is a well called by the English Sunday spring, or the fountain of Sunday, which the Irish believe is blessed and cures many ills. I found the water of it extremely cold.59 Opposite this well to the south of the sea, are the ruins of a monastery founded by Saint Guillabé ; there is a cave which extends far under the ground, where they say, that Saint Patrick resorted often for

57 It should be observed, that the pound sterling was only worth 14 livres, because the marc d'argent (8 ounces) was then coined into 32 livres instead of 60, as under Louis XV. and XVI. The louis d'or, afterwards equivalent to 24 livres, was then only valued at 13.-R.

58 I have been told that an autograph journal of this identical Tom Neville is in existence.-C.

59 The well is in the north-west suburb, which is named after it, 66 Sunday's Well." See Note XII. in Appendix.-C.

prayer.60 In one of the suburbs of Korq [Cork] there is an old tower ten or twelve feet in circumference, and more than one hundred feet high,61 which they conscientiously believe to have been built by Saint Baril [Fin Barr] without lime or stone,62 to prove by this miracle his religion; then it was lopped or half destroyed by the same saint, who jumped from the top to the bottom of it, and imprinted the mark of his foot on a flint stone, where the old women go with great devotion to say their prayers.

60 Gill Abbey is the present name of the south-west suburb of Cork. Fitzgerald, in his Cork Remembrancer, chronicles that in "1738, Gill Abbey Castle fell down after 980 years standing." [See Note 61.] Dr. Smith says, that Gill Abbey was founded by St. Finbarr, for canons regular of St. Augustine, in the seventh century; that the buildings were finished by Gill Eda, Bishop of Cork [1160], from whom this house had the name of Gill Abbey; that Cormac MacCarthy, King of Cork, granted it possessions, in 1134; that near it is a cave, called in ancient MSS. the cave of St. Finbarr; and that, according to Dr. Ware, this is the house which St. Bernard calls Monasterium Ibracense. The remains of Gill Abbey are said to have been demolished about 1745; but Gill Abbey weirs, the construction of which are attributed to the monks of this house, still exist.-C.

61 See Note XIII. in Appendix.-C.

62 The Irish saint who built a church without mortar, however great the exploit, and capable of giving edification to stone-masons, was certainly surpassed by one of his countrymen, the great author of a bill to punish cruelty to animals. His miraculous powers far exceeded those of St. Finbarry, if we believe the song so current on the other side of the Shannon,

"Och, Squire Martin's the boy my honey,

For he pays all his debts without money."- M.

See Note XIV. in Appendix.-C.

CHAP. VI.

FROM Kork or Korki 63 [Cork] I came to Kingseele [Kinsale], ten miles distant, a small mercantile town, and ill built. It has an English garrison. From Kingseele I came to Johol 64 [Youghall], thirty miles, having dined at Karabé [Carrigaline].65

At the gate of Johal, I was surrounded by twenty English soldiers, who led me forcibly to the captain of the town ;66 he demanded of me who I was, and

63 Cork is called at present by the Irish, Curki' or Curkig.-C. 64 Youghall is an extremely difficult word for an Englishman to pronounce as a native. Dr. Smith says, "it was called by foreigners Jokile and Youkelain, in Latin Ochella.”

The rhyme of Taylor, the water poet, is perfect.

"At Baltimore, Kinsale, at Corke, and Yoghall,

Thou with thy power hast made them oft cry fogh all.”—C. 65 Irreconcilable as the sounds Karabé and Carrigaline may appear, they are sufficiently obvious to any one acquainted with the locality. The name of the small village now known as Carrigaline, is derived from the strong castle built by the De Cogan's, which was so called on account of its situation at the head of an arm of

the sea. Carraig a lñ. The rock of the sea pool, or anchorage. Now this, which was probably familiarly termed Carrig, might have been explained to our traveller by camaig a buajce, the rock of the wave, or the boundary; or as the Carrigaline river is called the Avonboy or Oonbue, (i. e. the yellow or muddy river), a jumble of the names may possibly have remained in his memory.-C.

66 Lord Broghill, afterwards Earl of Orrery, was Governor of Youghall, and Lt.-Colonel Sir Percy Smith (his Lordship's cousin,

after having shewn him my passports from the King of England and from the Viceroy of Ireland, I told him that I had travelled from Bristol to Doublin with Mr. Galoe [Galway], a merchant of Johal. He sent for the person I mentioned, and tired of questioning me, allowed me to depart quietly, being assured that I was not a liar.

Johal is well walled, and under the government of the English.67 Its size is equal to that of St. Denys in France. It is a seaport. There are to be seen the remains of two ancient convents, one of Dominicans,68 and the other of the order of St.

and the ancestor of the beautiful Princess Capua) was Deputy Governor of the town at this time. See their signatures in Rushworth's Hist. Col. vi. p. 973, to a document dated 17th July, 1644, the day on which our traveller embarked at Wexford.-C.

67 Youghall was preserved to the English by the Earl of Cork. In a letter from the Lord Justices to that nobleman, in 1642, inclosing commissions of martial law, "they return him thanks for his care of Youghall, which post they depend will be kept by him for the landing of the supplies which they expect out of England for Munster." They also thank Lord Cork " for paying the soldiers, weekly, quartered at Youghall." Smith's Cork, vol. ii. p. 128, quoted from manuscript at Lismore. Lord Cork provided for fifteen companies at Youghall, who were mostly dieted upon salt beef, barrelled butter, and biscuit, with water to drink, which, says his Lordship in a letter to Lord Dungarvon, "made a rich churchyard and a weak garrison." Smith, ii. 150.-C.

68 Called the Friary of St. Mary of Thanks [or grace, gratiæ means both] on the north side of the town, founded by Thomas Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald in 1268, and completed, according to Clin's Annals, in 1271. Nothing now remains, save the west end of the nave, and a small part of the east window. Archdale's Monas. Hib.-C.

Francis.69 At musket-shot from the town there was formerly a convent of nuns on the sea-shore, and there remains of it a tower called the Nunnery, upon which the nuns used to light torches to enable vessels to come into harbour during the night.70

In the Dominican convent there was an image of

69 On the south side of the town, founded in 1224, [Smith says in 1231, or, according to Hollinshed, in 1229] by Maurice Fitzgerald, of whom the following traditionary anecdote is related. Being about to build a castle, the workmen, who were digging the foundation on the eve of some festival, requested a piece of money to drink his health. He directed his eldest son to give it to them, instead of doing which he abused the workmen; at which his father was so much concerned, that he altered his design, and caused an Abbey to be built instead of a Castle. Maurice Fitzgerald was Lord Justice of Ireland in 1229 and 1232, after which he retired to this Monastery, where he took on him the habit of St. Francis, and dying the 8th May, 1257, was interred here in the habit of his order. There are no traces of this Friary remaining.-Archdale's Monas. Hib. "This house, according to Wadding (quoted by Bourke, p. 42), was the first Franciscan Friary in Ireland."-C.

70 This probably was set down by our traveller from hearsay, and he has translated the short distance (four miles) of the narrator by a long shot," à une portée de mousquet." The Nunnery alluded to is no doubt Killeigh, on the west side of Youghall bay, which is said to have been founded by St. Abban in the sixth century, by whom St. Conchere was placed as prioress. Sir William Penn, in his journal of the siege of Youghall, July 19, 1645, says he received a letter from the Governor, desiring him "to take notice that when he had occasion to speak with us, or have any recourse to us, the signal should be a fire on the top of the abbey tower, near the point on the west side of the harbour's mouth."-C.