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Why You Are Not Paying 30 Cents for Sugar

In April, 1917, the cables told of a plan proposed by Herbert C. Hoover, then in London, which he described as "a plan by which the Allies can consolidate under one head the whole purchasing of food staples from our market, and not only will competitive bidding be abolished, but by co-operative buying on our side we can arrange the proper balance between the rights of producers and consumers."

This plan was favorably received by the sugar refining industry which has been on a war basis almost from the beginning of the European War.

The war had brought the Allies into the Cuban market, resulting in severe domestic and international competition with no increased supplies. Naturally, prices of refined sugar, both to the American public and to the Allies, rose under this forced draft.

Domestic sugar refiners, since the outbreak of the European War not only have safeguarded

circumstances and seemingly to avoid paying proposed United States war taxes on refined sugar the European Allies purchased in Cuba the sugar which ordinarily would have come to the United States in the fall months.

These conditions, and especially the necessity of saving ships, led the United States and the Allied Nations to urge upon the sugar industry the adoption by voluntary agreement of the original Hoover plan, under the authority of the Food Control Act passed August 10, 1917.

YEAR 1913

YEAR 1914

YEAR 1915

YEAR 1916

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United States supply, but have maintained the lowest sugar prices in the world. This brilliant record is due largely to the fact that sugar refining is in the hands of large business units, with an excess of refining capacity sufficient to supply all domestic needs, and so far all demands of foreign countries.

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The cane sugar refiners and the beet sugar producers unanimously agreed to the Hoover plan as a patriotic act in the interest of the American people as an aid to the Allies. This is the significance of the appointment by the United States Food Administration of the International Sugar Committee to which the Allies send representatives for England, France, Italy and Canada, and to which the United States contributes three members.

UNDER

WAR EMERGENCY AGREEMENT

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MARKET QUOTATIONS - RAW SUGAR AND REFINED GRANULATED SUGAR-YEARS 1913,1914, 1915, 1916.1917, 1918 - COMPARING AND Showing Refining Difference
RAW SUGAR - (DUTY PAID PACE)
REFINED GRANULATED ---- (NET WHOLESALE PRICE)

In the spring of 1917 there was a serious attempt at the disorganization of the sugar refining industry, following a long series of attempts at destruction of sugar ships.

Accompanying these incidents were widely circulated sensational reports predicting a sugar famine and sugar shortage, causing widespread apprehension. At that time," even with the assurance of ample supplies on hand, retail sugar prices rose in some sections to 20 and 25 cents a pound.

The efforts of the American Sugar Refining Company to allay public alarm, to check hoarding, to accept a price less than that which it could easily have secured, and to distribute its product fairly and evenly among the trade, were of real public service.

While there were great supplies of sugar in far-away Java which ordinarily would have gone to Europe, yet the necessity for saving ships became so great that Europe turned to Cuba for even larger supplies than previously.

It takes a cargo ship 150 days to make a round trip between England and Java, while a round trip between England and Cuba can be made in 50 days. Under these

Sugar will become stabilized in price with sufficient profit to producers, refiners and merchants to maintain and stimulate production and to cover the cost of refining and of distribution.

The marketing of Domino Cane Sugars in cartons and small cotton bags by this Company has helped amazingly during the pinch of the fall months, in giving a wide distribution among the retailers of the reduced sugar supply.

It will be necessary for grocers and consumers to watch carefully their distribution and purchases during the approaching period of readjustment. The refineries are now starting up and supplies of raw sugar coming forward, but it will take weeks, and possibly months, for the return of normal conditions.

Housewives can aid in conserving the sugar supply by buying these package sugars.

In war times and at all times it is our aim to safeguard the interests of the public we serve.

American Sugar Refining Company

66 'Sweeten it with Domino'

Granulated, Tablet, Powdered, Confectioners, Brown

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The Outlook

Copyright, 1918, by The Outlook Company

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Vol. 118

WEST NEWTON, Mass.

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Thorough preparation for college or business. Efficient faculty, small classes, individual attention. Boys taught how to study. Military training. Supervised athletics. 32d year. For catalogue address Bordentown, N. J. Col. T. D. LANDON, Principal.

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MISS LUCIE C. BEARD, Principal.

Kent Place: A School for Girls

SUMMIT, N. J. (near New York) Mrs. PAUL, Miss WOODMAN, Principals

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Castman

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Young Women to Learn Nursing Thor the

Yonkers Homeopathic Hospital and Maternity offers oppor-
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St. John's Riverside Hospital Training
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Registered in New York State, offers a 3 years' course-a
general training to refined, educated women. Require-
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MISS CAPEN'S SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Directress of Nurses. Yonkers, New York.

For many years known as "The Burnham School."

42nd year opens September, 1918.

Correspondence should be addressed to

MISS B. T. CAPEN, Principal,

NORTHAMPTON, MASS.

PENNSYLVANIA

School of Horticulture for Women Ambler, Pennsylvania. Two years' practical and theoretical course in Horticulture. Next entering class for diploma students, January 15, 1918. Fall course of ten weeks for amateurs began September 11th. Write for particulars. Early registration advised. ELIZABETH LEIGHTON LEE, Director, Box 103

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Short-Story Writing

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A

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HARTFORD

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How a big man played an up-hill game and WON!

When E. M. Paget took charge of the Sales Department of the Iliff-Bruff Chemical Company, Chicago, the problem was to market the product of a new concern in an already crowded field and at a time of great business depression.

It was freely predicted that he would fail within six months. But this man's back was to the wall. It was strictly up to him. He had to make good-How?

The determination to win was there all right. But Mr. Paget realized that he had to have a broader business training to carry his determination thru.

An enrolment for the Modern Business Course and Service of the Alexander Hamilton Institute was the answer to this question.

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With the unfolding of this vast fund of business knowledge, he applied the first principles he thus acquired to his own business needs.

Slowly but surely one and all of the obstacles were overcome. His knowledge was sound

And Mr. Paget now says "I look back at the lean months we had experienced, and when I contrast the wonderful business we are now doing, I know it is not enough to simply have a superior product, a well-managed factory and a loyal organization fired with push and energy.

"One must understand the great business fundamentals. He must know how and why certain methods have led to success, while others, many of which we are prone to almost unconsciously adopt, spell only failure."

He says further: "If the total cost of the Sales Department in any other line were figured against the total cost of my department, it would probably be found that we are operating at a

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In the final analysis you and every other man in business are selling one thing-service.

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HE most beautiful hair is only softer, silkier and prettier after an Ivory shampoo, and it feels as good as it looks. Ivory makes the copious, bubbling, lasting kind of lather that can be rubbed into hair and scalp thoroughly. Then it rinses easily, leaving the hair clean in the strictest sense. And it is so mild and that it does not impair the color or health.

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JANUARY 23, 1918

Offices, 381 Fourth Avenue, New York

On account of the war and the consequent delays in the mails, both in New York City and on the railways, this copy of
The Outlook may reach the subscriber late. The publishers are doing everything in their power to facilitate deliveries

Laurence La Tourette Driggs, the aviation expert, whose stories of the daring air pilot Arnold Adair printed in The Outlook have proved to be not only absorbing tales of adventure but luminous accounts of the varied services of aviators in war time, has prepared for The Outlook a list of "aces" of aviation. This will appear in next week's Outlook-the first list of the kind, we believe, to appear in America. Accompanying the list will be an article on the subject by Mr. Driggs.

ONE CAUSE OF THE COAL SHORTAGE

THE WEEK

The managers of factories which are now threatened with the necessity of closing their doors, and the citizens who have been struggling to get a few hodfuls of coal in order that heatless days shall not be added to the meatless and wheatless days prescribed by the Food Administration, have reason to recall to their minds one of the fundamental facts responsible for the present shortage of coal.

Last June Secretary Lane called together the coal operators and induced them to reorganize their systems of distribution in order that the delivery of coal might be expedited. In agreement with the Secretary of the Interior the coal operators absolutely surrendered their power to fix prices and gave this power without reserve to the United States Government. Thereupon the Secretary of the Interior, in conjunction with the Federal Trade Commission and the Coal Production Committee of the Council of National Defense, fixed a scale of maximum prices which they thought would assure the production of the maximum amount of coal at the lowest possible cost to the con

sumer.

Secretary Baker and Secretary Daniels immediately there after repudiated this agreement, Secretary Daniels basing his action upon the fact that he had purchased coal at a much lower figure for the Navy, and ignoring the fact that some mines have a much lower cost of production than the average-for example, because of low wages and low living conditions.

It is said that the coal prices finally fixed by the Government led the operators to center their attention chiefly upon supplying the coal for which contracts already existed, to the detriment of that large portion of the consuming public which does not ordinarily provide itself with contracts in advance. Some of the coal operators complain that the Government price has compelled them to supply coal at a loss to shipping firms that are making exorbitant profits from their business, shipping firms, which in their own countries were compelled to pay a much higher price for coal than they have found it necessary to pay in the American market.

While the country is less interested in this phase of the problem than it is in the supply of coal for our homes, hospitals, and industries, it is an item which should not be ignored when we come to sum up the loss to the country which resulted from the repudiation of the Lane agreement.

FUEL, LIFE-SAVING, AND INDUSTRY

It may be that the question as to closing down non essential industries may be settled by the coal famine itself. If there is not enough coal for every one, there must be either a haphazard scramble or a control of priority. The Government, in other words, need not order any industry or factory to close; it may simply see that coal goes first where it is most needed in a sound, humane, patriotic sense.

Dr. Garfield, the Fuel Administrator, moved in this direc

tion last week when he gave out the following "sequence of preference:" 1. To householders; 2. To public utilities supplying light and heat; 3. To ships transporting food and war materials to the American and Allied armies; 4. To industries making war supplies; 5. To other industries.

Opinions may differ as to the precise order here chosen, but the method seems the only sensible one, since the free play of demand and supply is impossible and undesirable under the present Governmental control. It is to be assumed that hospitals are included in "public utilities;" other lists made by State officials place hospitals first.

One New York paper last week bore the odd headline, "Churches and Saloons Not to Close." Schools have closed in large numbers in New York and New England.

The wretched weather and storm conditions in the first half of January made actual progress in providing a working supply of coal in New York and New England (to say nothing of reserves) almost impossible, while Chicago has suffered from snow and storm almost beyond endurance; and from the South came reports of zero weather and worse in places where this was unexampled, and of many consequent deaths from exposure.

Just as this page went to press the Fuel Administrator, Dr. Garfield, issued a drastic order closing factories (with certain exceptions) for five days and ordering Monday holidays to and including March 25. This has aroused a wide protest on the ground that it will cause as much waste and hardship as it will prevent.

SHOULD THE THEATERS BE CLOSED?

Among the schemes proposed to save coal has been that to close theaters and vaudeville and motion-picture houses three days a week.

The effect of such a rule would be chiefly noticeable in New York City, with its 118 places of such entertainment. They burn some $2,500 worth of coal a day; were they closed in cold weather they would still have to burn much fuel to prevent the freezing of their sprinkler systems.

The attendant loss to the Government, however, of taxes on admission would much exceed any possible saving in coal. So far from saving something to the Government, therefore, the scheme would work the other way and the saving of coal would be very slight.

But this is not all. At least twelve thousand employees, to say nothing of some thirty-five hundred actors and actresses, would be reduced to part pay on half-time employment.

Nor is even this all. London and Paris have long since recognized the theaters as distinct means of stimulating a cheery, soldierly spirit. All the theaters in those cities are open and crowded. In New York City there are very many soldiers and sailors on leave. They seek warmth, light, and entertainment. They and their families and friends are now the most prominent patrons of the theaters. Incidentally never

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