Tarragona, where general Monet was defeated by the rebels, on the 14th of September, he being after. wards obliged to shut himself up in Tarragona, until reinforcements arrived for his relief. The news of this defeat occasioned the desertion of some of the royal troops, and the king no longer delayed his expedition, which, it was hoped, by showing to the insurgents that he was entirely free, would induce all the well disposed of the insurgents to submit to his authority immediate. ly. The queen was appointed to be regent of the kingdom during the king's absence; and his brother Don Carlos preceded him in his journey, so as to convince the rebels that nothing was to be expected by them in that quarter. Ferdinand left Escurial the 22d of September, accompanied only by a small suite, and his private secretary, Salcedo; and lost no time in passing on to the scene of the insurrection, having taken measures to be supported by a powerful army of the best troops in the king. dom, in case their services should be needed, large bodies of men being detached from the army of observation for this purpose. His first endeavour was, either an act of extraordinary liberality, or a very poor and clumsy artifice. He invited the chiefs of the central junta established by the rebels at Manresa, to repair to Tarragona, to hold a personal conference with

him; assuring them that he would come with only a weak escort, and would send off all the military in the place to Barcelona, during the time that the conference and discussion lasted. It is not to be supposed that any persons in their si tuation would accept such a proposal without some better guaranty than the word of a man so destitute of good faith as Ferdinand.

His ultimate success was probably greater than he expected. Whether it was the imposing effect of an army of 20,000 men that intimidated the rebels, or whether the course pursued by the king satisfied them of his free agency, certain it is, that the rebels submitted much more readily than was anticipated. During the month of October, accounts were continually received of the submission of armed bands, and of the active pursuit of those who held out, by the count d'España, and other generals, in the service of the king. On the 5th of October, the royal decree, commanding the Agraviados to lay down their arms in twenty-four hours, on pain of being shot for contumacy, was received at Puycerda, when the town was instantly evacuated by the insurgents, who took the road to Vich. Upon the same decree being received at the last named place, the rebels continued their retreat towards Manresa, at this time the head quarters of the insurgent

chiefs. The count d'España speedily cleared Lampoureau, the district where the greatest disorder existed, of all the rebels, who were shot, dispersed, fled across the frontier, or submitted themselves to the royal clemency. Very few serious engagements occurred; and where they did, the royal troops were generally successful. Large bodies of the insurgents laid down their arms from time to time; and at length the junta of Manresa made its submission, with the exception of the president Carajol, who escaped by flight. Thus, by the beginning of November, the insurgent army had ceased to exist, having no longer any organization, any chiefs, or any centre of tions; and in fact none of its number remaining in arms, except a few scanty and scattered bands, who took refuge from pursuit in the mountains. Ecclesiastics, monks, and officers, fled into France in great numbers, never ceasing to profess the honesty of their intentions, and deeming themselves worthy of reward, rather than punishment, for what they had done.

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The insurrection, as such, being now at an end, measures were taken to punish some of the prominent offenders, and to prevent the recurrence of like disorders for the future. Peremptory orders were issued to all persons, of whatever rank and condition, except nobles, and others specially privileged,

who had taken no part in the late scandalous revolt, to deliver up all their arms, of whatever description, to the bailiffs of their respective villages. Numerous executions took place at Tarragona, of indivi duals, whose activity in the insurrection, or whose rank, rendered them fit subjects to be made examples of public justice, although many of the criminals so executed had submitted on the faith of a promised amnesty. But the go. vernment seemed to think it unne. cessary to keep terms with incorrigible rebels and disorganizers ; and, therefore, showed little mercy to persons of this description. Justice was inflicted indiscriminately on clergy and laymen, notwithstanding the disposition of the ecclesiastics to insist upon their pri vileges, for the purpose of screen. ing persons of their order. Four of the monks, who had participated in the rebellion, were sentenced to death by the military commission appointed for the trial of the rebels; but the archbishop of Tarragona, when required to degrade them from their clerical rank, ac. cording to the usages of the church, refused to comply. Notwithstanding his refusal, however, the priests were proceeded against as rebels apprehended in the fact, and stranggled, according to the laws of the country, it being impossible, in any other way, to maintain obedience to the laws, and the constituted go.

vernment. Some commercial privileges were bestowed upon Barce. lona, to conciliate the disaffected Catalonians, and Te Deum was sung in the churches in honour of the king's success, and thus ended the affair for the time.

But where the administration of affairs is so radically defective, and where a whole nation is thoroughly pervaded by faction, poverty, misrule and corruption, it is not the suppression of a single insurrection, or the execution of a single band of rebels, which can suffice to restore public tranquillity. Nothing but a complete revolution in the entire system, and the sub.

stitution of a firm, but moderate and equal government, in place of the present combination of despotism and anarchy, of violence and weakness, will renovate the fallen fortunes of distracted Spain. Whether this can be effected by the internal resources of the Spaniards themselves may be doubted. Had Spain been left free from foreign interference, after the fall of Napoleon, the high-minded citizens who then obtained the direction of affairs, might have gradually produced a state of qualified prosperity, such as the people of that unhappy country have long ceased to enjoy.