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The writer of this communication, it will readily

leat money i. e. specie-it was not a bank within raised whether they ought to receive the counte this act-so particular is the description, that no nance of government. The principal reasons urgallowance of what might have been the intentioned against them are that our country is yet too can be admitted.-The word money as used in young-that some millions of acres of now wilderthe act, as contra-distinguished from bills, clearly ness land should be first cultivated; that in manu shews what is the intention. If it had been intend- factures too great a population is collected together ed only for associations that issue bills, the words for the enjoyment of health; that science is therelend money should have been left out, for that is an by neglected, and immorality increased: that it is essential requisite to constitute such a bank as this more for the interest and happiness of the nation to act would embrace—for an association that does encourage our merchants, to import from foreign not loan money but issues bills, is not a bank within countries already over peopled, and for our inhabithis act, the circulation of whose paper is prohibited. tants to cultivate our own soil. 2. The constitutional objection was raised that the legislature had not a right to interfere with be perceived, is not a philosopher, nor deeply contracts; that they could pass no law impairing their versed in the history of foreign nations; but pro obligation, and that they had no right to grant here- fesses to be interested in both agriculture and maditary privileges, of which it was endeavored to nufactures, and will present a few common place be shewn a bank is one-that the granting of in- arguments in favor of the latter. I consider it a fundamental principle never to be corporations was a dangerous thing, that much was to be apprehended from their increase and final mo- departed from, that agriculture should so far prinopoly of the interest of the state-that the legis.marily be attended to, as that in no possible year of lature had not a right to impair one man's credit scarcity we shall be dependent on any foreign counby saying that his paper is not good and its circula-try for food. Beyond this, the result of our labor tors shall be punished, and at the same time say to is exported for money, manufactures or luxuries; and I contend, that if the produce of the labor of others your paper is good the world may take it.

On the part of the prosecution it was contended two cultivators is exchanged for what one could -That the word money thus used in the aet was to manufacture at home, the country is a loser; but if be received in its most known and usual acceptation, the raw material will otherwise be of no value, i. e. the common currency of the country-that the then she is impoverished. It is for our interest to word as used in the statute books, in bonds of secu-ship the raw hides, furs, wool and cotton, and imrity and in every instrument, meant the common port our shoes, hats and cloth? It is for our intercurrency of the country, and that it should not now est to keep the ore hid in the bowels of the earth, by a peculiar fatality be construed to mean specie the rags of our worn out garments burnt; and im that the statue was meant to provide against an port our pots, kettles, nails, and paper from Great evil, and it would completely be repealed and its Britain, and our bar iron from Russia? That our country is young admits of no argument remedies not advanced if the construction given by the counsel for the traverser was to be received-when compared with those of Europe; but in the that as to the constitutionality of the law there arts and sciences, wealth and ingenuity, we are not could be no doubt; the restriction of legislative a century behind them; and our wilderness gives a powers over contract was admitted, but it was con- happy resource to posterity to make it blossom as tended that it applied only in contracts executed the rose, or if more conformable to their genius to or executory, but not to such as should be hereafter cultivate the arts. made-that the legislature had an equal right to re

In Europe as well as in Amerita, machinery not gulate the emission and circulation of spurious only facilitates labor in a tenfold ratio, but enables paper, as they have exercised over retailers of spi-women and children, who are unable to cultivate rits, and in many other similar instances; and in the earth, to make us independent of many foreign such flagrant cases, over institutions based on fraud supplies. In Europe they are compelled to use and supported by usury, to say they have no power, steam power and the convenience of procuring fuel, is neither policy nor law; the power is weak enough and thus crowd them together covered with smoke, to stop the growing curse, and courts of justice disease and immorality; but in our country we have ought to advance rather than hinder the advance-water falls in every town in positions the most healthy, remote from each other, where literary and The jury retired after receiving the charge of religious instruction is no more a stranger than with judge Thomson, who declared the law constitutional, and thought that from the strictness which had been used in framing that law and the precision in its penning, particularly in defining a bank-that there was no proof that the present institution was a bank within the meaning of the act.

ment of the remedies.

the cultivators of the soil. When government shall aid the manufacturers, I trust it will be on condition that instruction accompany it; and that they are not inconsistent is fully evinced by reference to the establishment at Humphryville, where the jus tices and rulers have certified that learning is faithfully attended.

Next morning their sealed verdict was opened In no part of the union can manufactures be so and was a special one, finding the facts of passing the money and under the knowledge of its being un-beneficially encouraged as New England. Our soil authorized, and said, if the court think the bill mo- is least productive, our lands most cultivated, our ney we find the defendant guilty-if not money, not mills sites most numerous, and our climate most guilty. After continuing the point for advisement for several days, the court decided that the bill was not money, and the defendant was acquitted. [Supporter.

Manufactures.

FROM THE BOSTON CENTINEL.

Mr. Russell-Much has been recently written upon American manufactures, and doubts laye been

favorable. The labor saving machinery, is almost incalculable; but a few years since, it required the labor of one man to make a thousand nails; now one of less ingenuity, can make sixty thousand. In one small establishment in the vicinity of this town, a cotton manufactory annually spins twist, and weaves cloth, in value $45,000; and employs but two men; the other laborers are destitute widows, boys and girls unable to cultivate the soil. The raw material is the production of our own country, and will

wear four times as long as that imported from India. then on a mission under the authority of the govern In civil society, next to food, manufactures be- ment,) I was detained a prisoner three days at the come a necessary of life, and in war an essential. river Trinity, by the patriots, and the flag of the UniUpon prudential maxims can it be political wisdom ted States, my companions and even my servants, to discourage those manufactures which the con- were taken from me, and I was compelled to pass stitution of our nature requires, which insures a through a wilderness of near four hundred miles market for the raw materials indigenous to our alone; and I aver that I was not directly or indirectown soil, as well as the surplus food from the fertile ly concerned with that army; although, sir, I assure fields of the south. you, that had I not been in the service of my own country, I would most cheerfully have been one of the party.

The author of the "Road to Ruin" may reason that facts outweigh theories; and exhibit the prostration of our woollen factories which had the ephemeral growth of a short war, are now almost at an end, and the ruin of many left to bewail the delusion.

As it regards the second point, in which you ob serve that I was concerned in the murder of fourteen Spanish officers: suffer we to inform you sir, that I was in Orleans, on my way to Washington city, It is true, from the sudden and unexpected intro-when the dreadful outrage was committed. I was duction of merino sheep, they were so much en- personally acquainted, sir, with all those officers, hanced beyond their value that hundreds have been and the most of them gentlemen of honor, and ruined and thousands essentially injured; but the worth; with the unfortunate governor Herrara I had time will come, when, with the aid of government, our woollens will vie with those of Europe, and the country be enriched.

been intimate for many years; and sir, any but an illiberal Spaniard may judge of my friendship for that amiable soldier, when I state, that my son has borne The manufacturers of cotton were more unfortu- his name for more than ten years; no one can deplore nate; by reason of interdiction from Europe, the raw with more sensibility than myself, that horrid asmaterial was depressed below that of any former sassination; but sir, by whom was it perpetrated? period, many capitalists having no use for money in Was it by Americans? No sir, it was by the secret their usual course of business, were deluded by order of the commander in chief, a creole Spaniard, men who held water privileges to take shares in con- who possessed no other feeling or sentiment than cerns that cost treble the original estimate; were that which is common to every native of that counconducted by men unacquainted with business, and try; it was a feeling sir, which has arisen from 30 almost as soon as they became in operation, peace years of dreadful servitude, and it is to a sense of presented an opportunity to flood our country with injury, that Mexico will sooner or later owe her foreign manufactures beyond consumption. But the independence.

establishments which have cost millions, and the I shall now add, by way of concluding this note, machinery which is now rusting, will be placed in that as your language, sir, is extremely indecorous, I the hands of judicious managers, and with the aid shall not descend from the dignity of an American of government in prohibiting the importation of the and an officer of the Mexican republic, to answer deceptive India cotton cobwebs, our own will im- the illiberal and scurrilous observations of the minisprove and flourish, and increase the wealth and in-ter of Ferdinand VII. You will therefore please to dependence of the nation. recollect, that as you state I have, in my own perThis section of our country is now over-peopled son, declared war against his majesty, I shall in all for the cultivation of its soil, and the future increase future correspondence on the subject of that war, must migrate to the west, or be employed in manu- address my communications directly to the king factures; and with it goes our wealth and commerce. your master; but, sir, I give you a parting assurance As this subject will soon be presented to our nation- that I will give his majesty sufficient time to calm the al and state legislatures, I hope the societies formed very important considerations which lie before him, and forming for the encouragement and support of having heard through the medium of your official manufactures, will not be deterred from explaining correspondence, that the king your master, was too the best interests of the state; and trust, some wri- much occupied with the organization of the officers ters of greater talents will elucidate the subject, of the bedchamber and the toilette apartments of and point out the "road to wealth."

S.

To Don Louis de Onis,
Minister plenipotentiary of his catholic majesty,
near to the government of the United States.
SIR,

his young spouse, to attend at this moment to the trifling considerations of Spanish relations with the United States, or (as I suppose) the insurrection of an hundred provinces in America.

I solicit you sir, to accept my most sincere solicitations, and my wishes that you may live a thousand years to enjoy the reputation which you have acquir ed in America.

JOHN H. ROBINSON.. Don Louis de Onis, &c. &c. &c. &c.

Miscellaneous.

In the diplomatic correspondence between you and the honorable secretary of state of the United States, I find you have made very honorable mention of my name; I therefore take the earliest opportunity to return my most sincere thanks: there are two points however, in your communication, which I beg leave to explain, and that explanation I give with DESTRUCTIVE INSECT. Vast multitudes of a worm, the more pleasure, because it will probably render about an inch long, called by some the locust larva, you more respectful to the government of the Uni- Jand by others the cut worm, has made its appearance ted States, and may even spare you an unnecessary in some parts of Massachusetts. They are exceed. embarrasment at our next interview. You have at-ing voracious, destroying every blade of grass in tempted, sir, to cast a shade on the administration their progress, and so numerous that three hundred by your simple assertion, that I was concerned with of them have been dug up within a foot square. the revolutionary party of St. Antonia de Bexas; Their motion is directly forward, and their course this statement is altogether, and must be wilfully is marked as though fire had over-run the herbage. incorrect, since it is a fact of notoriety, that on my In one case it is stated that 40 acres of land in a passage to the interior provinces of Mexico (being body are without a single spire of grass! And some

were burning over their pasture lands to plough and too hot to be held; in addition to this, they may be plant them; but as they do not injure the root, a loaded with great ease, in almost every situation, favorable season may yet restore the herbage. either in lying down, sitting on the ground or on The progress of these insects, it is said, may be horseback, walking and even running"-"They restopped by cutting a trench or ploughing a deep quire too less swabbing, and it never interferes furrow, into which they fall and perish, being una-with the charge.-They cannot be so much overble to scale the walls. It was thus that the progress charged by accident as other guns, and therefore of a similar worm was checked about the year 1779. are not so apt to get burst, &c. &c. In short, they Literary and military intelligence. We understand are very durable, and combine every advantage that captain O'Connor, of the artillery, has for peculiar to muskets, except of throwing shot, and some time been engaged, by order of the war de- that pertains to common rifles with many other impartment, in translating from the French a cele- portant advantages possessed by neither of those brated Treatise on the Science of War and Fortifi- species of fire-arms, but peculiar to these alone." cation, originally composed by order of the em- The writer of the pamphlet observes: "As the peror Napoleon, for the use of the students of the forte of American militia consists in their superior Imperial Polytechnic and military schools of France. skill in the direction and management of fire-arms This work embraces the whole science of war and -as from their local knowledge and from their field and permanent fortification, with all the mo- habits they will always excel as light troops-and dern inventions and improvements in the latter as the most important advantages may be derived branches; and in France is universally used by the from their ability under proper arrangements of military, and is esteemed beyond all other produc- quickly assembling and moving with rapidity to tions on these subjects, being considered a master- any required point, these guns are most excellently adapted for them." piece.

On Naushawn Island, near Tarpaulin cove.
On West Chop of Holmes' Hole.
At Nantucket.

We learn that the translation is completed, and LIGHT HOUSES From the National Intelligencer.— will shortly be published for the use of the cadets Contracts have been made for erecting during the of the United States' military academy. Nat. Int. present summer, the following Light houses, in the INTERESTING DRAWINGS.-From the Petersburg In-state of Massachusetts, viz: On Petit Manan. telligencer.-On the sailing of the French expedition for Egypt from Malta under Bonaparte, the fleet was intentionally dispersed in order to arrive without being noticed; they had no sooner left Malta, than they learned that admiral Nelson had penetratThese houses will, probably, all be completed in ed their design, and was in pursuit of them. Ex- the month of October or November next. Arrangements have likewise, we understand, been pecting every hour to be come up with, and being too weak to risk a combat, it was the resolution of made for determining whether Gas may not be adBonaparte and the rest of the illustrious persons on vantageously substituted for oil, in the light houses board L'Orient to blow her up, rather than be taken of the United States. The experiment is to be prisoners; but, that the memory of those who pe- made at the light-house at Newport, Rhode Island. rished might be preserved, and their features known It is particularly recommended to the attention of by posterity, Bonaparte caused the portraits of mariners, from whom communications (addressed eighteen to be taken on two sheets of paper, and to the treasury,) as to its relative benefits or inconto be rolled up, put in bottles and committed to the veniences, when compared with oil, are invited. ANNUAL CENSUS.- -The rev. John Stanford "atwaves. The names of the persons are, (first drawing,) Dapaix [dead,] Bonaparte, Berthier [dead,] tending minister," in the city of New York, has Caffarelli [dead,] Kleber [dead,] Brueys [dead,] furnished the editor of the "Columbian" with what Dalimier [dead,] Monge, Berthollet-Second draw- he calls his "annual census"-of which the following, Rampon, Murat [dead] Junot [dead] Lasnes ing is a compressed view:

City alms house, including children at nurse-white men 368, boys 396; white women 394, girls 242; black men 29, boys 12; black women 47, girls 11

[dead], Regnier [dead,] Belliard, Desgenettes, In the orphan asylum-66 boys, 47 girls-total 113. Snulkanski [dead,] Larey. Thus of the eighteen eleven are now no more. The portraits are executed in medallions in India ink, and now ornament the study of Baron Larey at Paris.

total 1500.

City hospital-patients 190; maniacs 78-total 268.
Debtors prison-including the liberties, 300.
Bridewell-white men 44, woman 17; black men

PATENT RIFLE-From the Richmond Compiler.There has been deposited in this office an "Improved patent rifle, made by John H. Ha!l, of Portland, district of Maine." It is intended for the in-128, women 33; boys 7-total 127. spection of gentlemen, who are conversant in the use of fire-arms. It is a curious invention, its great peculiarity being, that it loads near the but end, instead of at the muzzle. Near the lock, there is a 'spring which being touched and pressed down, causes the Receiver to fly out on a hinge. You introduce the cartridge, containing the powder and ball, press the receiver to which shuts with a catch, and the rifle is loaded. There is of course, no ramming down the ball, &c. with a ramrod, the only use of which is occasionally to swab out and wash the rifle.

Penitentiary-Bellevue, white men 83; white women 40; black men 52; women 14-total 189.

State prison-white men 624; white women 19; black men 80; black women 29-total 752. Grand total 3249-do. last year 2401; increase 848.

Machine!-A catalogue of curiosities recently published in the Connecticut Journal, mentions among the collection, the following modern inven. tion:-"Amicus Famine Optimus, or an African Corsletizing mill, for grinding up scandal and awl blades, envy and corkscrews, tattling and waggon spokes, and mysteriously uniting them so as to produce ready made corslets for the use of the fair.

Some of the advantages of this improvement, as stated in an accompanying pamphlet, are, that the patent rifles may be loaded and fired with good WHALE FISHERY-From a Bermuda paper. One aim, more than twice as quick as muskets can be of Mr Francis F. Hinson's boats, in the whale fishe fired with cartridges-they may be fired as often ry, which had been fitted with a gun imported by as any gun can bear firing, without soon becoming the proprietor for the purpose, has lately shot a

whale and brought it in. This is quite a novel modeled are wanting. The following are the results? of carrying on war against those huge natives of The counties reported. contain 484 towns, and the briny element. The gun is charged with a har- returns are given for 355. Whole number of school poon of a curious construction, which is shot with districts in said towns, 3,713. Districts from which such force as to enter the whale at a considerable returns were made, 2,873. distance: and possession of the object is retained by a warp attached to the harpoon before the discharge of the gun, and made fast also to the boat. BILL OF COSTS, from a British paper, paid by the united kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland for enslaving Europe.

Amount of monies received in said districts, $174,681 96.

Number of children taught in them 173,240. Number of children between the ages of 5 and 15 residing therein 198,440.

IMPEDIMENT OF SPEECH. We are notified that a person in Philadelphia has adopted a course of application by which adults and children afflicted with £46,578,564 defects in speech, may be relieved and in some cases 51,339,015 cured.

The sums annually raised by taxes, since the commencement of the war, are as follows: 17,656,418 | 1805

1793

1794

17,170,400 1806

1795

17,308,311

1807

1796

1797

1798

1799

1800

1801

17,858,454 1808
18,737,760 1809
20,654,650 1810
30,202,915 1811
35,229,908 1812
33,896,464 1813

1802

35,415,096 1814

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54,982,015 Address, E. X. post paid, northwest corner of
60,189,414 Union and Friend streets, Philadelphia.
63,026,563 Steam frigates. The commissioners of the navy have
65,227,264 issued proposals to contract for three steam engines
69,188,041 of 120 horse-power each, to be completed with-
66,973,208 in a year, for as many steam frigates.

66,444,103 NORTH CAROLINA. We are, indeed, pleased to 75,324,084 learn, from the "Carolina Observer," that many vaEnding 5th January, luable improvements in agriculture have lately been introduced into the interior of this state. There is no member of the union, perhaps, that possesses a better soil or more healthy and benignant climate than North Carolina, a small distance from the seaA frigate-built ship, called the General Scott, late- board; her population and wealth has rapidly inly sailed from New-York, said to be bound for Ha- creased without much assistance from emigration, She is described as one the fastest vessels and all are glad to hear of the prosperity of this that ever floated-is of 1000 tons burthen, and ap-important and patriotic state; as domestic, and, pears to have been completely fitted and armed, from the attention she excited in that place.

vanna.

An English paper, noticing the election of Mr. Monroe to the presidency of the United States, observes, that he lost a leg in the revolutionary war, and is rather of the Washington school.

On the 25th of April last, (says an Ohio paper) the chief judge of the supreme court of the state of Ohio, was fined one dollar and fifty cents for not attending a militia muster, as a private sentinel, in strict conformity to the laws of the state of Ohio.

The Spanish consul at New-Orleans has been caned by a Mexican officer, who immedintely after made his escape.

Died, at Belle Fontaine, capt. Edmund Shipp, of the rifle regiment—a valuable and much esteemed

officer.

Also, at Washington City, the lady of the Spanish minister, the Chevalier de Onis.

And in South Carolina, col. Joseph Calhoun, in his 67th year-a revolutionary patriot.

It is stated that Mr. Taylor, our consul at Port au Prince, has left that place in consequence of the condemnation of an American vessel by Petion. The merits of the case are not given.

It is also reported that the Carthagenian cruisers have commenced hostilities on Petion for having seized upon several Spanish prizes sent by them into his ports.

Hemlock. Some school boys belonging to Hillsboro', N. C. stopping at a spring, met with what they thought was angelico, but which was hemlock. Two of them ate of it-one of them died in less than an hour; but the other got well.

Stocks &c.-at Baltimore, May 28. U. S war loans 103, old 6 per cents. 100, bank stock 95,for 65 paid. Exchange on London, 2 per cent. ad.

perhaps, as completely dependent on herself for the necessaries and comforts of life, as any in the union.

The Albany Register is to be resuscitated, and will appear under the editorship of Mr. I. W. Clarke, on the 4th of July next.

Emigration. From the 10th of March to the 27th May, there arrived at New-York, 250 vessels, in which came 1600 passengers. Many have arrived at other ports-a vessel with 130 has just reached Philadelphia from Guernsey.

"The boundary commissioners," so called, appointed by the United States and Great Britain, appear about to commence running the line to determine the boundary east of lake Champlain.

The Roanoke. A board of commissioners has been appointed to explore the coast of North Carolina, with a view to ascertain the practicability of deepening the entrance of the Roanoke river, which is nearly choked up with sand externally, supposed to be thrown up by the current of the Gulph stream. RICHMOND. A census has just been taken, (by order of the Common Hall,) of the population of this city, and the result is thus reported: In Jefferson Ward, Madison Monroe

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Singular escape.-From the (New York) Columbian On Saturday last an infant about 2 or 3 years old, unperceived by its family, got out of the scut, tle or dormant window of a two story house in Chery-street, and crawled down the roof to the back gutter. In this situation the child was discovered by a man in Water street, and the alarm given to COMMON SCHOOLS, in New-York. We have an ab- its affrighted parents, who remained in an agony of stract of the returns for 1816, made to the superin- suspense for some time, until by the activity of a tendant of common schools by the clerks in all the cabinet-maker at work in an adjoining yard, the counties in New-York, except 5-but the returns the little adventurer was reached and handed in from many of the towns within the counties report:l to the garret window in safety,

No. 15 OF VOL. XII.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, JUNE 7, 1817.

Hac olim meminisse juvabit.—VIRGIL.

[WHOLE NO. 391.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY A. NILES, AT THE HEAD OF CHeapsibe, at $5 PER ANNUM.

A Naval Establishment.

Statesmen and Politicians.

POLITICAL ECONOMY-NO. I.

The facts stated in the following were expected by us to have concluded the article under this Many have thought that statesmen and politicians head in our last paper, but they did not reach us were synonymous; but the absolute distinction bein time for it. They are in answer to certain tween them begins to be duly appreciated. Politiciqueries that the editor respectfully addressed to ans are sufficiently numerous-some are to be found a distinguished gentleman, whose great expe-in every village; but there are few statesmen. These rience and local situation gave him the best opare better calculated to give light from the closet, portunity of furnishing the information requested; and claim admiration in the committee-room, than we are thankful for that urbanity which induced shine before the people and make great speeches in him so handsomely to comply with our wishes, the legislative hall; and mankind are too willing to and therein, we think, gratify his fellow-citizens sacrifice substance to shew, especially if the former In addition to these hinat large, deeply interested in all that concerns trenches upon their ease. the navy. drances, the growth of statesmen is retarded by the severity of labor and profound calculation need. "Sin-In answer to your enquiries, permit me to inful to understand the POLITICAL ECONOMY of a counform you, that the whole annual expense of a 74 try; and applause, more or less the desire of alt gun ship, in service, exclusive of repairs, and which, taking one year with another, will not exceed $24,500, is estimated at $184,529; and the expense, in service, of a 44 gun frigate at $134,210, exclusive of $14,200 for repairs.

men, slowly follows its acquirement, because its operations are prospective-and its benefits spread themselves so gradually before the people, that, by the time they are developed, their author may enjoy a posthumous honor, in the records of history. Few I am not in possession of any positive data by men are willing to labor for this reward only-but which to determine their relative expense, when almost any man can make a speech about the comlaid up in ordinary; but from any experience that mon concerns of the day, and say aye and no, with I have had, I am inclined to think we should come promptitude, to the various questions of party; and nearest to the truth by estimating their annual ex-some can hold a good argument on either side, as pense, (keeping them in a state of perfect readiness they please-without reflecting, without knowing, for service) at a sum equal to, but not exceeding, perhaps, that mind has marched before them to lay the amount required for their repairs in actual ser- the foundation of the right or privilege to move vice. In this, however, it will be observed, that their tongue about politics at all. Statesmen may the amount of the pay and provisions of the few he called matter of fact men-politicians are men officers and men necessarily attached to them, for of opinion. It costs much trouble and research to the purpose of taking care of them while so laid up, the first to advance a proposition--for they view it is included. with mathematical precision before they give it;

year! What a vast saving of labor-calculations are bothersome things. I know two gentlemen, one then a member of the senate and the other of the house

If the before enumerated estimates be correct, whereas the other, on either side of the question, and I have good grounds for believing them so, by subscribing to an active newspaper, may bave all it is to be inferred that the annual depreciation the matter they want for eight or ten dollars a of a 74 gun ship is actually no more than $24,500 -while that of a 44 gun frigate is but $14,200; consequently, that by expending annually, for repairs, the before mentioned sums, they would, in of representatives of the United States, (great poilall probability, be as fit for service one hundred ticians) who preferred each to extract two or three years after, as they were the day on which they first pages from my humble writings and use them as their put to sea-provided, however, the repairs alluded own, letter and figure, rather than take the trouble to are made in suitable docks, instead of the de-of making calculations for themselves! I felt the structive and inefficient mode [heaving down] that compliment, while I regretted that it was so paid to me; for I spoke of things that ought to have been we have heretofore practised. notorious to every reflecting man. It is the silent The frames of our ships have hitherto been con-work of the statesman, not only to put the well-bastructed of live oak, and we ought henceforward lanced wheels of a system in motion, but to take never to use any other, provided that can be ob-heed that they are neither accelerated by the intemtained; and of which there is no doubt, if suitable perate zeal, nor impeded by the culpable negligence measures are taken to prevent its destruction. of politicians; often a disagreeable and very ungraci I mention this to prevent your thinking me ex-ous duty. If our nation's good depended upon an travagant in calculating the duration of the frames ability to declaim about our foreign relations--or of our ships at 100 years; bit of this I have no speak upon domestic contests of opinion, we should doubt, so far as regards the live oak part, provided every where present a front as terrible to an enemy they are repaired under the advantages afforded by as the sides of the thrice-victorious Constitution dry docks:-indeed, from the observations that frigate; and have avoided the pinching times that have been enabled to make, on this kind of timber, now set upon us so heavily. But this sort of peopis during a series of more than 25 years, I am led to do little good to the country-office or power, for believe that under the circumstances I have men-themselves or their friends, is too frequently the tioned, it would be found entirely imperishable, or spring of their zeal-they care not where the foun dation lies so they are at the head of the structuré at any rate as much so as a block of marble."

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