priation the capital now employed being only reasonably be expected to flow to the nations of our sufficient to sustain the trade already established. forests-unless indeed they are made of materials For a detailed account of the forms, including different from those, out of which it has pleased the mole of accounting at this office; a state of its God to construct the rest of the human family. funds, and for the principles in general which go- If this auxiliary be adopted and, I recommend vern it, I beg leave to refer you to a report made it with a full conviction of its success, I would re-, to the honorable the secretary of war by my pre-specfully suggest that the Lancastrian mode of indecessor, and which accompanied that gentleman's structed be adopted, as well on account of its simable exposition of Indian affairs, to the United plicity, as its economy. Universal experience hav. States' senate at its last session. ing proved the superior facility with which it communicates the first principles of learning. The funds remain, in amount, much the same as they were at that time-they will vary in their re The present appears to be a time peculiary favor suls, when these shall be known only as the prices able for a generous exertion in behalf of the Abowhich I may be able to obtain for the furs, and pel-rigines of our country. The war spirit slumbers, tries, &c may be more or less, than the cost of merchandize given in exchange for them since that period. The factories at that time were eight in number they remain so now, and all except two are on the same scites-That at Natchitoches has been removed nine miles above that post, on Red river, and that at fort Micthell, on the Cha-ta-how-chee river, and in the midst of the Coweta and Cussetah towns, immediately at the intersection of the two leading roads to the southern territory. At present they stand thus: 1st. Fort Micthill-Georgia. 2d. Chickasaw-At the Chickasaw Bluffs, Mississippi territory. 3. Fort Confederation—on the Tombigbee river 4th. Fort Osage-on the Missouri, near the mouth of Osage river. 5th. Prairie du Chien-on the Missisippi, near the mouth of the Quisconsin river. 6th. Late at Natchitoches-now nine miles above that village--scite not named. 7th. Green bay--Green bay of lake Michigan. 8th. Chicago-lake Michigan. and the peacefulness of the calm prevades even our forests. But amidst this scene of general tranquili ty-and which the citizens of America enjoy with such peculiar fecility, how comfortless remains the condition, and Low cheerless the anticipations of those unfortunate people! Pained at the recollection of the past; disheartened at the prospect of the future; shut out by a destiny which they had no hand in creating, from all that is deemed great and good amongst men, they feel themselves yet wrapped in the gloom of their native forests, and are left ta mourn over the severity of their fate! What consolation would mingle with the cup of their bitterness, were they roused from this distressing reverie, to witness a display of an enlargened and liberal policy, ordained in their behalf! Hope, that never failing friend to man, however rayless it has been to them for the past, would lighten up their Prospects for the future; and if any thing could vie with the pleasure it would impart to them, it would be the gratifying reflections of those who might contribute to the relief of so much wretchedness. I have the honor to be, &c. on. Foreign Articles. ENGLAND, &c. THO. L. M' KENNEY, S. I. Trade. The great ability displayed in the report of the We are authorised to state, that a bill upon libe late secretary of war, as above referred to, supercedes the necessity of my detaining you with a de-ral principles, was presented by the committee to tailed plan for the amelioration of the condition of the house, but, owing to the press of business at the Indian tribes. I cannot forbear however, accord.the close of the session, it could not be finally acted ing to my purpose, heretofore expressed, to suggest, in addition to the views taken by that gentleman, the advantages that would in my opinion result from the establishment of public schools in the Indian settlements. However ineffectual this means Meetings are holding throughout the three king. of instruction might be, in its operation on the doms in favor of parliamentary reform. The minisadult Indians, the rising generations would insensi- try, expecting a severe opposition at the ensuing bly imbibe from such a scource of improvement, and session of parliament, have issued circulars to all transmit them to their successors, those ingredients their members, ordering their attendance! without which it seems impossible, with any thing The fog was so thick in London, on the eighth of like human exertion, to teach them a knowledge of January, for several hours, that all the shops were or make them familiar with (at least in any reason-lighted as in the night. It was a day of darkness able time) the excellent principles of our govern-and mourning, for the battle of Orleans. meut; the ties which unite and bind society toge The public meetings of the people at Bristol, ther, with the great advantages of that state over Bath, &c. held to petition for a reform of parlia that of the savege, or impress them with the impor-ment, were attended by large bodies of troops under tance of the observance of those great moral lessons, arms-and besides, all the "loyal" were sworn in as in the practice of which results so much security special constables!-What a state of things is thist and happiness to man. To impart a knowledge of The prince regent of England has directed, that those principles to the aboriginies of our country, in future, all the vessels in the navy shall be dis. would be an advantage to the United States, exceed-tinguished by the number of guns and carronades ed only by that which would result to them. Out they actually mount, and not according to the erro of these elements a foundation might be prepared neous denominations which had long ago grown into on which to place the great axiom of human happi-use. ness. Make a path in the desert by the agency of The Waterloo subscription now amounts to about schools of instruction and the holy doctrine-" as £415,000. It is expected that this sum will be furye would that man should do unto you, do ye even so ther increased. to them," will soon follow and consequences, similar The Cornish miners are represented to be in the to those which this kind of teaching has produced most deplorable condition, in all those parts of the known world where the ele. The poor-tax in Birmingham averages 61. for every ments for its admission have been prepared, might'house of 18,000 houses 1,500 are uninhabited. Dublin.-The population of Dublin is estimated at 200,000 souls. It has been ascertained that no less than 74,000 of these are “absolute beggars, living upon the bounty of the charitable." These facts are stated in a late public speech, at a meeting in that city, about the poor-and the speaker adds-"If the eye is directed to other parts of the kingdom, a similar, and perhaps worse, condition of things, will be seen. Nor is distress confined to those who are called the lower order. There is nothing now so common in our streets, as persons begging, whom the highest amongst us, would not, at one time, be ashamed to recognize as acquaintances and friends." Since the 4th of June, 1814, the British army has lost, in the field, or by natural deaths, no fewer than sixty-three general officers-viz. James Baird, Hon. Wm. Ponsonby, ¡John Brown, FRANCE, &c. The French consul at Boston gives notice, that no individual, whether a Frenchman or of any other nation, will be permitted to land in France unless he has a passport, either given or countersigned by a French minister or consul! The king has issued a decree authorising a loan of 100 millions of dollars. The report that the allied armies in France was to be reduced is not confirmed. Indeed, it appears. most likely that they may rather be increased." The object of the duke of Wellington's journey to England is said to have been to represent that the situation of the Bourbons was more critical than ever. It appears that the British government have been compelled to resort to brokers to obtain specie for the payment of their own troops in France; which are said to be in the finest order. More than sixty merchants, of Marseilles, have petitioned the French legislature for the repeal of the law which declares that city a free port. The court of France have made a definitive arrangement with the city of Hamburg, in relation to the bank subject. The population of France is officially reported to be 28,813,041 souls, exclusive of Corsica, and the colonies. The cotton manufacturers in France have published a memoir addressed to the king and the legislature, in favor of the continued prohibition of foreign manufactures. [But it is said, that one of the conditions of the loan, lately negociated in England, is-that the French ports shall be opened for the introduction of "certain British commodities”— the king may "buy gold too dear.”] There are 1100 students in the university of Gottingen, many of whom are said to be Americans. Emigrations from Switzerland for the U. States have re commenced. A ship of the line, larger than any belonging to the Swedish navy, is about to be launched at Carls. crone. The navy will then consist of 11 ships of the line, in the best state, besides frigates, &c. An insurrection of the peasants in Norway is spoken of. Stutgard, December 28.-The Wirtemberg army In the London papers there is an interesting arti- is to be reduced so as not to exceed 20,000 men. cle on the banking system of England-At the be- The king has ordered, that in all representations ginning of the year 1810, there were 700 country and petitions addressed to him, the use of all French banks, which gradually increased to nearly 900-and Latin expressions shall be avoided, and pure, The issues of the private banks since 1797, have high German alone employed. contributed an addition to the national currency of about 20 millions sterling-The total currency in the year 1812, was estimated as follows, viz. Bank of England notes in circulation, €25,500,000 Issues of 300 private banks, at £50,000 each, Issues of 500 at 40,000, RUSSIA. It is perfectly understood that any difficulties that existed between the United States and Russia, through a misrepresentation of facts, are entirely removed. It is reported, also, that the minister, Mr. 15,000,000 Daschkoff, is recalled to account for his conduct. 20,000,000 A sum equal to nearly 50,000£ sterling has been 4,000,000 subscribed in Russia for the relief of the poor. St. Petersburg, Sept. 10.-The Northern Post* in £62,500,000 its remarks on te question now discussed so geneThus, in the year 1812, the circulating medium rally, respecting he inadmissibility, or admissibility of England amounted to the enormous sum of above of the liberty of the press, distinguishes three par250 millions of dollars! ties. Gold and silver, ( The bank of England has advertised to pay specie or new bills for all bills of one or two pounds, issued *The Northern Post, or the New Petersburg Jourbefore 1812. It had out 950,000l. in these bills- Inal, has since 1809, been published twice a week by yet, in several weeks, only 15007. have been brought the ministry of the interior. It is written in the in for specie, and 50,000 for new bills-the rest out Russian language. One of these parties affirm, that the liberty of the ty. He has ordered that the children should be inpress is the shield of national freedom, the security of structed in the English language, with a view to prethe citizens, and the strength of the government. vent the intrigues of the French to recover the Another again maintains that liberty is more de-country; against whom he expresses the most destructive to every country than the plague. And a third, that the liberty of the press is cersainly of use, but under a light censure. termined opposition. He repels the idea that his countrymen are naturally subordinate, and maintains that by education they may be rendered equal As to this third opinion, says the Northern Post, to any others. He appears to enjoy his throne with it has already been set at rest by Figaro, who says, quiet and security, and to possess the confidence "if in my writings I only do not meddle with religion, and esteem of the people at large. nor politics, nor morals, nor say any thing of persons Petion's squadron, consisting of a ship of 24 guns, in office or distinguished bodies, or of the opera, or of a brig of 14 and a schooner, is said to have put to any play, in short, if I say nothing respecting some-sea to meet Christophe's frigate and brig. thing; then I may be allowed to express my opinions BRITISH AMERICA. freely, under the superintendance of two or three dis- A Montreal paper calls the United States the creet persons! In order that I may avail myself of "natural enemy" of England. Some emigrants, that this agreeable freedom, I have determined to pub-lately arrived at Pictou (N. S.) brought with them lish a periodical work under the title of the "Use-buckets and pails to milk the wilu cows that they understood inhabited the country! less Journal." It is said that several vessels of war and transports, with 2500 men, have sailed from Cadiz for Vera Cruz. We have a report that Monte Video has been captured by the Portuguese without opposition, and without any interference on the part of the Buenos Ayreans, with whom the people of the former never had fully united. The royal general, Morillo, is reported to have 9000 men at Varinas. The following ships have been commissioned upon the lakes of Canada:-Kingston, 56, commodore sir Robert Hall; Burlington, 42, capt. N. Lockyer; Charwell, 50, captain Montresor, on lake Ontario; Champlain, 32, captain Duell, on lake Champlain; Confiance, 32, captain D. Pring, on lake Erie. Loss of the Chippewa. Copy of a letter from captain George C. Read, to the secretary of the navy, dated NEW-YORK, Jan. 16th, 1817. SIR-In conformity to your orders of the 6th November, I left Boston on the 27th of that month, to proceed to the bay of Mexico, and on the 12th December, at half past 2 P. M. intending to take the Caycos passage, made one of the Islands by the same name, bearing S. S. W. Upon discovering the land, I immediately hauled up for it, in order to ascertain what part of this group it was, being under the impression, as well from its appearance, as from the latitude and supposed longitude, it might be the N. W. extremity. At 15 minutes past 4 P. M. having approached within nine miles, as I judged, of the shore, and having satisfied myself it was the north or middle Caycos, bore up W. S. W. no land to the westward, at this time, being visible. The best chart on board represented the north and N. W. shores perfectly clear of all impediments, and the course I was then steering as not only safe, but one tending to draw off from the land. At half past 5, night coming on, the bearings of the eastern and western extremities of the land were taken, made the middle Caycos bear east and the north west point, which was plain in sight, S. W. each distant ten miles. To be certain, however, that the land which we took for the N. W. point, The patriot privateers swarm through all the was the most western land in sight, I directed the West Indies, and blockade Cadiz, &c. Many valua-master to go aloft, who, on getting there, reported ble captures are made by them. in the affirmative. Under these circumstances, General Mina is in Mexico-letters from Mata-with a chart on which no danger was delineated; gorda speak very favorably of his progress so far, steering a course upon which I had no accident to and the writer of one of them says, he hopes soon to apprehend; with the point, round which I wished write from the capital of the country, after having to double, distinctly in view, I could not feel otherfixed the standard of liberty on every house of that wise, than in possession of the fullest confidence. populous and wealthy city. Admiral Brown has threatened the British with reprisals from the Buenos Ayrean government, for the condemnation of his vessel. HAYTI. At 35 minutes past six, having ran eight and a half miles, I deemed myself abreast of the above point, with an offing of at least ten miles, and directed the brig hauled up one point on S. W. by W. My hauling up sooner than may by considered King Henry is much engaged to give a good edu prudent, (which quite as unfortunately as unexcation to his people. He has established schools on pectly proved so) was dictated by the apprehen. the Lancastrian plan, and has founded a college-sion of getting too far to the westward, thereby all which are supported with distinguished liberali- rendering it difficult to lie through the passage, on account of the trade winds at this season of the court was composed of captain Samuel Evans, as year, inclining much to the southward. president, captain Samuel Angus and master comAt 10 minutes past 7, whilst steering the latter mandant Edward Trenchard, as members, and course, heard the noise of breakers on the larboard James A. Hamilton, esq. as judge advocate. After beam, when the helm was ordered up, but scarcely a minute enquiry into all the facts and circumstan had the order been issued when she struck with ces connected with the loss of the brig Chippewa,' much violence upon a rocky bottom. In this situa- it was satisfactorily established, that no blame tion, without being immediately able to discover whatever attached to the commander; and that the shore; or to form the most distant idea of the captain Read, his officers and crew, made every position of our danger, the sails were trimmed, the possible exertion to save the vessel. Arts, sciences, improvements. FROM EUROPEAN PAPERS. hands set to lighten the ship, and an exertion made The proceedings of the court of enquiry were to force her off with her head to the northward approved by the secretary of the navy, and captain and westward. This effort, at first, wore a favora- George C. Read was ordered to report himself for ble aspect, and I felt sanguine in being able to ex-duty. tricate ber in a few minutes; but, after having forced ahead some fathoms, she was again brought up with redoubled violence, and lost the use of her rudder. The boats were now got out, and an anchor carried and let go in an easterly direction. Sir H. Davy has found by different experiments, The sails were furled, and with as much expedition that by mixing 20 or 30 grains of common magnesia as possible we commenced heaving, and again light with each pound of the worst flour, it will make ing ship. About this time, a boat which I had bread of the best quality. sounding round the vessel, returned, when I was The French papers state that capt. Freycuret was informed the reef on which we were, appeared to about embarking on an interesting enterprize, in extend from the shore; that it ran some distance the sloop of war Urania. His principal object is to outside of us, and that it was a bottom composed ascertain the form of the southren hempisphere of of sharp rocks, upon which there was but thirteen the earth; its natural appearance, meteorology, and feet water, for upwards of a cable's length in eve natural history. No expedition of this kind has ry direction: the brig drawing sixteen feet and an been undertaken either in England or France, since half. The carpenter also, reported the water in the that of capt Baudin, of whose party capt. F was one; hold having made its appearance above the birth- and the results obtained from that expedition, deck. The getting off now would have been use- gives a just idea what may be expected from this. less, even though it had been practicable. I thereA young, man named Thomas, of Newport, (E.) fore turned the attention of the officers to getting has invented and perfected a clock, on a system enas many of the crew into the boats as they would tirely new-it goes 384 days without once winding carry, and sent them to find the shore. Shortly af- up, marks the minutes and seconds-the wheels are ter their departure the brig being in the act of of copper, the pinions of cast steel. turning over on her starboard bilge, I was under There has lately been sent from Italy to count the necessity of having the masts cut away. The Romanzow, at Saint Petersburg, a colossal statue, preservation of those left on the wreck had now of white marble, executed by Conova, representing become somewhat precarious. The wind and sea the goddess of peace, holding an olive branch in her had increased considerably from the period of her hand, leaning on a column with the following infirst taking the ground, and there were no boats scriptions-"peace of Abo, 1743; peace of Kudsto take them off. Luckily, however, the boats had chulk, Rainardschi; peace of Fredericksham, 1807." effected a landing about 3 A. M. wheu the remainA canal between Edinburgh and Glasgow, is fiing part of the crew, the officers and myself aban-nally determined upon. It is expected to employ nearly the whole of the men at present out of work doned the wreck and reached the shore. cent. on the capital embarked. * It gratifies me to say that better conduct could in that populous district. The estimated expence not have been exhibited by any officers in a similar of forming the canal is £264,910, and the annual resituation. All orders from me were promptly obey-ceipts, after deducting every charge coming against ed by the executive officer (lieut. Edward Shu- it, are expected to amount to £49,000, being 15 per brick) and such was the zeal manifested by the of ficers and crew generally for the preservation of the vessel, that had it been an ordinary bottom upon which we struck, their exertions must have been crowned with success. My proceedings from the date of this unhappy event, until I left the above island, shall be the subject of another communication, and in the hope that no unfavorable impres sion may be received until an investigation of my conduct, which I trust will speedily take place. I have the honor to be, sir, with great respect, your obedient servant, GEORGE C. READ. The hon. W. B. Crowninshield, The learned are much occupied in England examining a new discovery, which furnishes to chemistry an extraordinary power-it is fire of a new species, resulting from the compression of a mixture of oxygen and hydorgen gas-it melts in an instant the hardest metals, even platina-it reduces pipe clay to brilliant glass-it changes (if we may use the expression) the elements,and opens a course to extraordinary experiments. The rev. M. Stark, a canon and astronomer of Augsburgh, has observed in the Sun a vast opening or cavity, 4 minutes 36 seconds from its eastern and 15 minutes 7 seconds from its southern edge. In that cavity, the apparent diameter of which is three times larger than the real diameter of the earth, are seen two black billows or holes, separat A court of enquiry was recently held in New York, in pursuance of an order of the secretary of the navy, issued on receipt of the preceding letter, *This "new discovery" is stated in the New-York to investigate the causes and circumstances which Columbian, to have been known in the United States produced the loss of the U. S. brig Chippewa, under fifteen years ago, "by Dr. Hare, of Philadelphia, and the command of George C. Read, esq. a master improved and extended by Dr. Silliman, of Yale. commandant in the navy of the United States. The College." ed from each other by a luminious space, and the will forthwith furnish all the facilities in his power largest of which terminates in a point at its upper extremity, and crenated at its lower. Between this vast apparent abyss and the eastern edge of the sun there are several asperities, below which four small black spots are seen, and six above. CHRONICLE. We learn that Mr. Rush, late attorney general of the U. S. will succeed Mr. Adams as our minister at London, and that until the return of Mr. A. he will have charge of the department of state. It is stated that a party of lower Creeks have killed and scalped a woman and two children in St. Mary's county, Geo. Many barges and boats left Cincinnati on the 1st. of March. the ice in the river being broken up, laden with flour &c. for New Orleans. to release Fant and others from their present condi tion, by calling on the local authorities of Canada, Besides this, the president will employ a special messenger to traverse the wilderness and search after those unfortunate captives who are deprived of liberty, by risking their lives in defence of their country.-[Argus. Quebec, Feb. 26.-Castle of St. Louis.-A report having reached his excellency the governor in chief that an American citizen named Thomas Vance or Vant, who was taken prisoner in the action at river Raisin, on the 22d June, 1813, is detained in captivity by an indian in Quebec, or its vicinity, and his excellency having caused every inquiry to be made, though without success, to discover the said American citizen, has directed a public notice to be here. by given that if the said Thomas Vance or Vant is in any part of the province in captivity and will make known tis situation to his excellency, measures will be taken for his immediate release and restoration to his friends.-And any person possessing information respecting the detention or present situAn Havana paper of Feb. 15, mentions the arri-ation of the said Thomas Vance or Vant, are reval there of three vessels from Africa with upwards quested to communicate the same to his excellency. of 1200 slaves!-Surely this dreadful traffic must) have an end. The assembly of New York, by a large majority, has passed the bill declaring all negroes and mulattoes and mustees within that state, to be free after the 4th of July 1827. B. Smead, of Bath, has announced his having in the press, a pamphlet of sixty pages, entitled "Causes of the destruction of the American towns on Niagara frontier, and failure of the campaign of 1813 -by George M'Clure, brigadier-general of the New York Militia. By his excellency's command, ANDREW WM. COCHRAN, Secretary. The laurel.-We have had the pleasure to notice many of our heroes reposing on their laurels won in the late war-and maj. gen. Scott has just married Miss Mayo, at Richmond, and capt. Warringtm, of the navy, united his fortune with that of Miss King, of Norfolk. Who does not "wish them joy?" The Carlisle convention.-A strange error and Specie. The arrival of Mr. Sergeant, an agent omission occurred in our last number in an attempt from the bank of the United States, is mentioned in to give an account of the proceedings of the con- the London papers-d dollars are said to have vention at Carlisle, Pa. for the nomination of arisen in consequence. But we think we have seen suitable person to be supported by the "Indepen- the arrival of at least a million, at various ports of dent Republicans" of that state for governor, at the United States, mentioned with the last two the ensuing election. Such things are among the weeks, apparently reaching us in the regular course "miseries" of editors. The article ought to have of trade. read thus- Treaty with Sweden.-There is a report that the senate refused to ratify the treaty with Sweden, concluded by Me. Russell. "There has also been a convention at Carlisle for the same purpose-present, delegates from thirteen Counties and the city of Philadelphia. Thomas For- Sagacity of a dog.-Yesterday, a small dog fell. rest in the chair, Hamilton Humes and F. A. Muhlen- into the river at Coenties slip (New-York) and went berg, secretaries. An examination into the election of down with the tide, yelling for assistance. A large the delegates being had, Joseph Heister, Dr. George water dog jumped into the river from a vessel, Logan, Andrew Gregg, Presley C. Lane, Isaad seized the one in distress by the ear, and brought Weaver and John Steel, were put in nomination, him within the reach of several by-standers on the but all withdrawn except the first named, who was doek, who pulled him out of the water; and the dog, agreed upon unanimously to be recommended to refusing assistante, swam back to the vessel he had the freemen of Pennsylvania for their support at left. [New York paper. the election-in October next. The lines and words in italic were left out, or transposed from their proper places, and the, paragraph was made to say that Mr. Muhlenberg, instead of Mr. Heister, had been agreed upon as the candidate for governor. INDIAN CAPTIVITY. Relations with Spain. [COLUDED FROM PAGE 25.] Translation of a ter from Mr. Quis to the secretary of state mentioned above, Extract of a letter from col. SIR-The uter with which you honored me on the 19th of Richard Johnson to his friend in Scott county, da- last month, in ansyerto nine of the 30th December and 24 Ja ted January 29. ary, had two oby cs. The first to make known to me the com Dear Sir-We have received information from Spain, for a long time past. The second to communicate the resoplaints which this government considers itself as having against several gentlemen in Kentucky, that one of our citi-lution of the president on the three points embraced in my notes zen soldiers has lately returned from indian cap- You state that the president would have wished that I should not tivity, and has given information that a number of have confined a self to bringing forward the complaints of his our fellow-citizens remain behind in the same situ-majesty, but said have likewise proposed a reparation for those ation, captives to the indians, and that our neighbor of the United States against Spain. The claim for damages and injuries, of which you speak, would Fant, the musician, was near Quebec held as the pro- have been definit vely arranged and settled, if the diplomatie reperty of an Indian in the British service, as a musi-lations between the two powers head not been interrupted since cian. I have seen the president and the secretary and know, that the interruption ought not to be imputed to Spain, the memorable epoch of 18c6; and this government cannot buc most of the members from Kentucky, who have tak- his majesty having made, from that time, the greatest efforts to en an interest in this thing. Col. Monroe has made maintain them pure and unaltered: a communication of these facts to Mr. Bagot, who I have assure you verbally and in writing, that his majesty de sired nothing stously, a to satisfy the United States for every |