other American peoples to free themselves from European domination. We watch with deep and abiding interest the heroic battle of the Cuban patriots against cruelty and oppression, and our best hopes go out for the full success of their determined contest for liberty.

"The government of Spain having lost control of Cuba, and being unable to protect the property or lives of resident American citizens or to comply with its treaty obligations, we believe that the government of the United States should actively use its influence and good offices to restore peace and give independence to the island.

"The peace and security of the republic and the maintenance of its rightful influence among the nations of the earth demand a naval power commensurate with its position and responsibility. We therefore favor the continued enlargement of the navy and a complete system of harbor and seacoast defenses.

"For the protection of the equality of our American citizenship and of the wages of our workingmen against the fatal competition of low-priced labor, we demand that the Immigration laws be thoroughly enforced and so extended as to exclude from entrance to the United States those who can neither read nor write.

"The Civil Service law was placed on the statute-book by the Republican party, which has always sustained it, and we renew our repeated declarations that it shall be thoroughly and heartily and honestly enforced, and extended wherever practicable.

"We demand that every citizen of the United States shall be allowed to cast one free and unrestricted ballot, and that such ballot shall be counted and returned as cast.

"We proclaim our unqualified condemnation of the uncivilized and barbarous practice well known as lynching, and the killing of human beings suspected or charged with crime without process of law. i 1

"We favor the creation of a national Board of Arbitration to settle and adjust differences which may arise between employers and employed engaged in interstate commerce.

"We believe in an immediate return to the free-homestead policy of the Republican party, and urge the passage by Congress of the sat

HISTORY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

isfactory free-homestead measure which has already passed the House and is now pending in the Senate.

"We favor the admission of the remaining Territories at the earliest practicable date, having due regard to the interest of the people of the Territories and of the United States. All the Federal officers appointed for the Territories should be selected from bona fide residents thereof, and the right of self-government should be accorded them as far as practicable.

"We believe the citizens of Alaska should have representation in the Congress of the United States, to the end that needful legislation may be intelligently enacted.

"We sympathize fully with all legitimate efforts to lessen and prevent the evils of intemperance and promote morality. The Republican party is mindful of the rights and interests of women, and believes that they should be accorded equal opportunities, equal pay for equal work, and protection to the home. We favor the admission of women to wider spheres of usefulness, and welcome their coöperation in rescuing the country from Democratic and Populistic mismanagement and misrule.

"Such are the principles and policy of the Republican party. By these principles we will abide, and these policies we will put into execution. We rely on the faithful and considerate judgment of the American people. Confident alike in the history of our great party and in the justice of our cause, we present our platform and our candidates in the full assurance that the election will bring victory to the Republican party and prosperity to the people of the United States."

The following substitute for the financial plank was offered by a minority of the committee on resolutions, headed by Henry M. Teller, of Colorado:

"The Republican party authorizes the use of both gold and silver as equal standard money, and pledges its power to secure the free and unlimited coinage of gold and silver at our mints at the ratio of sixteen parts of silver to one of gold."

This was laid on the table by a vote of 8181⁄2 to 1052, and the financial plank as reported was adopted, 8122 to 1102. The pro-silver delegates, under the leadership of Senator Teller, thereupon withdrew from the convention.

Other Parties

People's Party.-Convention met in St. Louis, July 22, 1896. For President, William J. Bryan; for VicePresident, Thomas E. Watson, of Georgia. The platform declared for free silver, a graduated income tax, government ownership of the railroads and telegraphs, direct legislation through the initiative and referendum, and other advanced measures.

National Silver Party.-Convention met in St. Louis, July 22, 1896. For President, William J. Bryan; for Vice-President, Arthur Sewall. The platform was confined to an exposition of the financial question from the pro-silver point of view.

National Democratic Party (Gold Democrats).— Convention met in Indianapolis, September 2, 1896. Temporary chairman, Roswell P. Flower, of New York; permanent chairman, Donelson Caffery, of Louisiana. For President, John M. Palmer, of Illinois; for Vice-President, Simon B. Buckner, of Kentucky. The platform repudiated the acts of the regular convention of the Democratic party at Chicago. On the financial question it declared for gold "as a standard of monetary measure, and the maintenance of silver at a parity with gold by its limited coinage under suitable safeguards of law."

HISTORY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

Prohibition Party.-Convention met in Pittsburgh, May 27, 1896. For President, Joshua Levering, of Maryland; for Vice-President, Hale Johnson, of Illinois.

National Party (Bolting (Bolting Prohibitionists).—For President, Charles E. Bentley, of Nebraska; for VicePresident, James H. Southgate, of North Carolina. The platform demanded prohibition of the liquor traffic and various other radical measures, and favored free silver coinage.

Socialist Labor Party.-Convention met in New York, July 6, 1896. For President, Charles H. Matchett, of New York; for Vice-President, Matthew Maguire, of New Jersey.

The Election

Electoral vote for President:

William McKinley, Republican:-California, 8; Connecticut, 6; Delaware, 3; Illinois, 24; Indiana, 15; Iowa, 13; Kentucky, 12; Maine, 6; Maryland, 8; Massachusetts, 15; Michigan, 14; Minnesota, 9; New Hampshire, 4; New Jersey, 10; New York, 36; North Dakota, 3; Ohio, 23; Oregon, 4; Pennsylvania, 32; Rhode Island, 4; Vermont, 4; West Virginia, 6; Wisconsin, 12. Total, 271. Elected.

William J. Bryan, Democrat:-Alabama, 11; Arkansas, 8; California, 1; Colorado, 4; Florida, 4; Georgia, 13; Idaho, 3; Kansas, 10; Kentucky, 1; Louisiana, 8; Mississippi, 9; Missouri, 17; Montana, 3; Nebraska, 8; Nevada, 3; North Carolina, 11; South Carolina, 9; South Dakota, 4; Tennessee, 12; Texas, 15; Utah, 3; Virginia, 12; Washington, 4; Wyoming, 3. Total, 176.

James A. Garfield, 20th president; born at Orange, Ohio, November 19, 1831; lawyer; college president at 26; served in war of the rebellion; elected to Ohio state senate, 1859; member of congress from March 4, 1863 to November 8, 1880; elected president and served from March 4, 1881 until July 2, 1881, when he was shot in the Pennsylvania railroad station at Washington by an assassin; died at Elberon, N. J. from effects of wound, September 19, 1881.