of the slain, and the cock for his watchfulness. were dedicated to this god of war., Bellona wa his sister..

670. Pulcan was the god of fire and of works ers of metals, and the inventor of the art of fabricating arms and utensils from metals. Temples were erected to him at Athens, Rome, &c., and at Memphis, a magnificent one was dedicated to him, before which stood his statue, seventy feet high.,

He was said to forge the armour of the gods, and the thunder of Jupiter. He was the son of Jupiter, the husband of Venus, and the father of Cupid.

671. Festa was the daughter of Saturn, and the goddess of fire: an altar was raised to her; and virgins, called Vestal Virgins, were employed in maintaining the sacred fire which Lurned in the temples in honour of the goddess. *Obs. The temple of Vesta, at Rome, was supposed to contain, besides the sacred fire, the household gods which Eneas saved from the destruction of Troy.

672. Apollo, the son of Jupiter and Latona, presided over the fine arts, and was skilled in the practice of music; he is represented with his lyre, and crown of laurel.

Diana, the sister of Apollo, was goddess of chastity, of the chace, and of the woods. She was adored as Luna in heaven, as Diana on earth, and as Hecate in the infernal regions; and was generally attended by Cupid, Hymen, the Hours.

673. Ceres, the goddess of production and fertility, is said to have taught the art of tilling the earth, sowing corn, and making bread: she had a daughter named Proserpine.

674. Mercury, the messenger of the gods, was the inventor of letters, and of the arts and sciences; also the reformer of language, and denominated Hermes, for his eloquence. He is represented with wings fixed to his cap and sandals; and in his band, a caduceus or watid, round which are entwined serpents.

675. There were also numerous other divine personages, who had inferior parts assigned them; as

Saturn, the father of Jupiter, and son of Heaven and Earth. His wife was Rhen, or Cybele.

Piuto, the son of Saturn and Ops, king of the infernal regions, and ruler of the dead; 10called from his teaching the rites of burial. ・ 3. Bacchus, who presided over the grape, and the god of wine.

Hebe, the goddess of youth, &c.

676. The three Graces were daughters of Jupiter, by Eurynome; and the nine Muses, by Mnemosyne. He was also the father of Apollo and Diana, by Latona; and of Mercury, by Maia. Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Æcus, were inexorable judges, who examined the dead.

Tisiphone Alecto, and Megera, were the gaolers and executioners of Tartarus, or hell, armed with snakes and lighted torches:

Charon conducted the souls of the dead across the Styx, where they drank the waters of Lethe, or oblivion.

677. The Elysian Fields were the paradise of the good. The Fates were Clotho, who held the distaff; Lacheris, who spun the thread of destiny; and Atropos, who, with his scissars, cut it asunder.

Hercules, or Alcides, the virtuous hero of antiquity, was the son of Jupiter and Alcmena, and performed twelve famous labours, among which, were the killing of the Nemaan lion; and the cleansing the stable of 3000 oxen of king Augeus in one day, which had not been cleansed for thirty years.

Amphitrite was the mother of the Nereids, who, with syrens and tritons, attended Neptune. Somnus was the god of sleep; Morpheus, of dreains; Erebus, of darkness; Nor, the goddess of night; Plutus, the god of riches; and Momus of folly.

678. In the mythology of the northern nations, Odin or Woden was the chief divinity.

His exploits and adventures furnish the principal part of their mythological tales. He is supposed to have come from the east; and is represented as the god of battles, and as killing thousands at a blow.

His place, called Falhalla, was situated inthe city of Midgard, where the souls of heroes who bravely fell in battle en oyed supreme feli city, and spent the day in hunting matches or combats; and at night, assembled in the palace

of Valhalla, where they feasted on the uncatidelicious provisions, and solaced themselves with mead, the Scandinavian nectar, but of the skulls of their enemies.

679. Sleepner was the horse of Oding From Flela, their hell, comes our word hell; and from Sinna, the wife of the evil genius, comes our word Sin.

They had giants also, called Weynar, Farbauter, Bilupher; and Hellandu and a prophet called Fola, whence comes our word fool.

Their Folaspa, or book of prophecies, contained the history of the world, the fairies, & e

XXXII Drawing, Painting, &c

680. Drawing is that art of polished society, which teaches us to represent and preserve the likenesses of men and things. It is a source of pleasure; because it enables us to familiarize ourselves with the most beautiful and graceful objects; and it is, at all times, an agreeable re creation.

It is practised on paper with chalk, Black Tead, crayons, Indian ink, and water colours and on board and canvas, with of colours.

Practic Elements of Drawing, with its numerous having us éxercises to copy from. 684; In learning to form the handythestu dent should begin witle seireles ovalédnes, eylinders and globes qund these latter he should shadow, so as to give the effect of so liditys

He may then proceed to inanimate objects, as flowers, fruits, trees, and houses, giving each its proper light and shade; thence, to animals; and, finally, to the human figure, at first naked, and then clothed.

682. To draw a landscape or groupe of figures, a knowledge of perspective is required; and this is nothing more, than the art of representing every object in its proper bearing, and under its proper angle, which angle is always in proportion to the distance of the object from the eye.

Just conceptions should also be formed of light and shade; the foundation of which is the obvious principle-that the light always proceeds from one point; and, consequently, that all shadows fall one way. The true disposition of light and shade, is called relief.

Obs. To give effect to particular objects, the student must copy the subjects from Hamilton: and after doing this for some time, if he have genius or taste, he will begin to copy nature, and afterwards contrive for himself, and design originally

683. The art of drawing in PERSPECTIVE, purposes to represent every object in its proper place and relative size and figure, as it is seen from the spot where the view is taken.

The eye of the draughtsman is supposed to be fixed; and he is to pourtray every object, as though he saw it on a pane of glass, the size of his paper or canvas.

The general principles are not difficult, provided two or three teclinical terms are well understood.