CRITICAL MATERIALS TO THE UNITED STATES
IN TIME OF WAR

HEARINGS

BEFORE THE

SPECIAL SUBCOMMITTEE ON MINERALS,

MATERIALS AND FUELS ECONOMICS

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON

INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS

UNITED STATES SENATE

EIGHTY-THIRD CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

PURSUANT TO

S. Res. 143 and S. Res. 271

RESOLUTIONS TO INVESTIGATE THE ACCESSIBILITY AND

AVAILABILITY OF SUPPLIES OF CRITICAL

RAW MATERIALS

PART 11

Synthesis, Substitutions, and Replacements of Scarce

Strategic Materials

SEPTEMBER 21, 22, OCTOBER 25, NOVEMBER 17 AND 18, 1954

Printed for the use of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs

39888

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1955

SPECIAL SUBCOMMITTEE ON MINERALS, MATERIALS, AND FUELS ECONOMICS

GEORGE W. MALONE, Nevada, Chairman

FRANK A. BARRETT, Wyoming
EUGENE D. MILLIKIN, Colorado

JAMES A. MURRAY, Montana
THOMAS BURKE, Ohio

JEROME S. ADLERMAN, Subcommittee Chief Counsel
GEORGE B. HOLDERER, Subcommittee Staff Engineer

II

CONTENTS

Page

Test of S. Res. 143.

1

Text of S. Res. 271-

Statement of—

Aitkenhead, Dr. W. C., mining experiment station, Washington State

College, Pullman, Wash...

American Can Co.

4, 271

74

488

Burns, Robert M., chemical coordinator, Bell Telephone Laboratories,

Murray Hill, N. J..

408

Doerner, Henry A., consulting metallurgist, San Francisco, Calif__

Dickey, D. F., Firth Sterling Steel & Carbide Corp---

67

323

Ewell, Raymond, secretary, National Science Foundation, Washington,

D. C...

174

Faust, Charles L., Batelle Memorial Institute.

316

Francis, Howard T., Armour Research Foundation_

316

Frary, Francis C., technical adviser, Aluminum Research Laboratories,

Aluminum Co. of America__

379

Additional statement. ___

397

Garrett, John H., Research and Development Board, Department of

Defense

217

Gordon, Louis D., executive secretary, Nevada Mining Association_.

Hardy, Roy A., consulting mining engineer, Reno, Nev..

202

208

Humble, Hilary A., manager, electro-chemical sales, magnesium divi-

sion, Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich..

46

Irwin, Bruce, Colorado School of Mines Research Foundation, Golden,

Colo...

Jackson, J. M., manager, research laboratory, research and technical

department, American Can Co., Maywood, Ill.

Keeleric, George, United Drill & Tool Corp.

Kuris, Arthur, Cavitron Equipment Co...

168

415

316

324

Leveridge, Athos D., executive manager and secretary-treasurer,

Industrial Diamond Association of America, Inc., New York, N. Y

Lund, Richard J., manager, information and analysis department,

Batelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio, accompanied by A. C.

Richardson, technical director, Batelle Memorial Institute..

Lynn, Harold Frederick, consulting engineer, Los Angeles, Calif.

Metzger, L. H., Super-Cut, Inc...

351

23

40

312

Miller, Robert C., Stanford Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif..

Mueller, John A., manager, mechanical lab department, sales engi-
neering branch, Carborundum Co..

183

480

Powell, William I., American Mining_Congress..

18

Ralston, Oliver, Chief Metallurgist, Bureau of Mines, Washington,

D. C....

189

Redmond, John C., Kennametal, Inc..

Ritner, Ford C., General Electric Co..

301

301

Rohrman, Dr. F. A., executive director, engineering experiment sta-

tion, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo...

53

Saltonstall, R. B., technical director, the Udylite Corp., Detroit, Mich

Additional figures and comments.

369

377

Shelton, Stephen M., regional director, Region II, Bureau of Mines,

Albany, Oreg-

59

Sincook, Robert L., associate editor, the Washington Farmer.

Taishoff, Jerome, president of the Mycalex Corp. of America.

Wagner, Dr. Cary R., president, Synthetic Organic Chemical Manu-

facturers of the United States.

81

446

450

Young, Howard I., president, American Zinc, Lead & Smelting Co.,

St. Louis, Mo., and president of the American Mining Congress___

6

III

Additional information:

Allies in defense.

Availability of critical materials in time of war, introduction, excerpt

from report__

Committee on Minerals Research, list of..

Committee recommendations, excerpt from report-

Contributions of research and engineering to the conservation of

critical materials_.

Corrosion, an Economic Item Involving Billions of Dollars, by F. A.
Rohrman, executive director, Engineering Experiment Station,

University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo..

Declaration of policy of the American Mining Congress, adopted at

San Francisco, Calif., Sept. 20-24, 1954.

Electrode carbon from Washington State coal, study of State College

of Washington, Pullman, Wash..

Findings, excerpt from report.

How To Grind Carbides Six Times as Fast With Less Than 1 Percent

Diamond Wheel Wear, by John A. Mueller, Carborundum Co..

Index...

Index of MAB reports.

Industrial Diamond Association of America, Inc., list of

Letters:

Bain, E. C., United States Steel Corp., to George B. Holderer, staff

engineer, September 24, 1954, transmitting statement on con-

servation of alloying elements in stainles and constructional

alloy steels.

Bushman, E. F., technical director, reinforced plastic department,

General American Transportation Corp., Chicago, Ill., to

Jerome S. Adlerman, chief counsel, March 17, 1955, and en-

closure...

Garrett, John H., secretary, technical advisory panel on materials,

Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, to Jerome Adler-

man, counsel, March 11, 1955, and enclosures__

Gaudin, A. M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to chair-

man, November 5, 1954_...

Leveridge, Athos D., executive director, Industrial Diamond Asso-

ciation of America, Inc., to committee, November 8, 1954, and

addendum..

Page

461

194

176

2, 195

402

57

22

85

15, 197

480

495

221

352

42

487

286

426

362

Lillie, Renee A., Lynn Williams Engineering Co., Chicago, Ill., to

chairman, November 10, 1954_..

476

Morgenthau, Hon. Henry, to president..

224

Rutledge, Campbell, Jr., Corning Glass Works, Corning, N. Y.,

to chairman, November 10, 1954-

433

Saltonstall, R. B., technical director, the Udylite Corp., to com-

mittee, March 17, 1955.

486

Walsh, Hon. A. J., Commissioner, General Services Administra-

tion, to chairman, December 15, 1954.

267

White, Harry Dexter, to Hon. Henry Morgenthau, March 7,

1944.

227

List of strategic and critical materials, excerpt from report.

Making ore reserves

200

428

Materials Advisory Board, panel on new processes for machining and

grinding, and titanium research panel.

232

Membership list of the Industrial Diamond Association of America,

Inc

352

Memorandum on rare earths.

Minerals, excerpt from report_

474

200

National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council-Member-

ship of Materials Advisory Board-Index of members..

Prevention of corrosion using magnesium anodes.

220

53

Recommendations of the committee, excerpt from report.

Reinforcing reinforced plastics..

Production of electrolytic manganese dioxide, study of State College of

Washington, Pullman, Wash

Report by panel on new processes for machining and grinding of the

Minerals and Metals Advisory Board.

85

2

487

288

Second report.

328

Additional information-Continued

Letters-Continued

Page

Report of the Department of Defense on strategic and critical mate-

rials..

271

Research for replacement of tin in the manufacture of metal cans—
American Can Co..

488

Sprinkler Corrosion Can Be Stopped, by Robert L. Sincock, associate

editor, the Washington Farmer...

81

Need to establish health industrial climate for strategic and criti-

cal materials_ _ _

250

Research could help eliminate need for a stockpile on some