shut-off valve in the pump discharge and piped back into the suction. The relief valve setting shall not exceed the pressure for which the piping system is designed.

(b) A pressure gauge shall be installed for each pump discharge and it shall be located at a point visible with respect to the pump controls.

(c) Cargo hose, when carried on tank vessels shall be of a grade suitable for oil service, and shall be designed to withstand the pressure of the shut-off head of the cargo pump or pump relief valve setting, less static head, but in no case less than 100 pounds per square inch.

(d) The cargo piping of all tank vessels transferring cargo in the Canal Zone shall be tight.

(a) Manila or hemp rope shall be used for mooring to piers, lock walls or buoys.

(b) While moored to piers and during transit, except when entering or passing through the locks, vessels carrying inflammable or combustible cargoes shall have connecting shackles or wire pendants of sufficient strength, one forward and one aft, fastened to bitts or to the deck and overboard, so that they can be used for emergency towing.

(c) Vessels carrying Grade "A", "B", or "C" cargoes shall, when in the locks, use insulated towing gear. This gear shall be supplied by the Panama Canal Company.

(d) No tanks shall be cleaned in Canal Zone waters without permission of Panama Canal authorities. Tank cleaning and repairing shall be done in accordance with Panama Canal "Rules and Regulations for Repairs to Ships and Structures Containing Gases."

(e) Vessels transporting Grade "A", "B" or "C" cargo shall start transit of the Canal at the discretion of the Port Captain concerned, with due regard to the safety of the Canal and the shipping in transit. So far as practicable, they will be dispatched through Gaillard Cut so as not to meet any traffic therein.

(f) Normally, vessels transporting Grade "A", "B" or "C" cargo when overdraft, as defined in the Panama Canal Commercial Tariff, shall transit the Canal during daylight hours only: Provided, That the Port Captain may, when he considers it safe and reasonable to do so, permit such vessels to transit during other hours.

(g) Grade "A", "B" or "C" vessels shall be prepared to keep the tank top decks effectively covered with a film of water throughout the transit when such action is required by the Canal Zone authorities.

§ 4.125a Requirements concerning liquefied petroleum gases.

(a) Cargo tanks shall be designed and installed in accordance with Part 38, Subchapter D, United States Coast Guard Tank Vessel Regulations (46 CFR Part 38), or regulations of any recognized agency that are substantially equivalent thereto.

(b) Piping, valves, fittings and accessory equipment shall be in accordance with Part 38, Subchapter D, United States Coast Guard Tank Vessel Regulations (46 CFR Part 38), or regulations of any Governmental agency that are equivalent thereto.

(c) Filling densities shall be in accordance with Part 38, Subchapter D, United States Coast Guard Tank Vessel Regulations (46 CFR Part 38), latest revision.

(d) Cargo hose. (1) Flexible metal hose fabricated of seamless steel pipe and flexible joints of steel or bronze, or hose fabricated of other suitable material resistant to the action of liquefied petroleum gases shall be fitted to the liquid and vapor lines during filling and discharging of the tanks.

(2) Hose subject to tank pressure shall be designed for a bursting pressure of not less than five times the maximum safety relief valve setting of the tank.

(3) Hose subject to discharge pressure of pumps or vapor compressors shall be designed for a bursting pressure of not less than five times the pressure setting of the pump or compressor relief valve.

(4) Before being placed into service each new cargo hose, with all necessary fittings attached, shall be tested hydrostatically by the manufacturer to a pressure of not less than twice the maximum pressure to which it may be subjected.

The hose shall be marked with the maximum pressure guaranteed by the manufacturer.

(e) The tank vessel shall be electrically connected to the shore piping prior to connecting the cargo hose. This electrical connection shall be maintained until after the cargo hose has been disconnected and any spillage has been removed.

(f) Cargo tanks shall be vented in accordance with Part 38, Subchapter D, United States Coast Guard Tank Vessel Regulations (46 CFR Part 38).

(g) Each tank shall be subjected to an internal examination biennially at the annual inspection period. Each lagged tank shall be subjected to an external inspection at least once every 8 years by having jacket and lagging removed.

(h) Each tank shall be subjected to a hydrostatic test at the annual inspection period on the 8th year of the installation, and a like test shall be applied every 4th year thereafter. The hydrostatic test shall be equal to one and one-half times the allowable pressure as determined by the safety relief valve setting. If the jacket and lagging are not removed during the internal hydrostatic tests, the tank shall hold the hydrostatic pressure for at least 20 minutes without pressure drop.

OTHER HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Vessels carrying cargoes of ammonium nitrate in Canal Zone waters shall comply with all regulations issued by the United States Coast Guard or other recognized governmental agency with respect to the handling and storage of such cargo and the precautionary measures to be taken in connection therewith. The provisions of sections 162, 163, 164, 165, 167, and 172 of the Canal Zone Code shall also apply to all vessels carrying cargoes of ammonium nitrate. [Regs. Gov., 17 F.R. 2394, Mar. 20, 1952]

Subpart F-Accidents and Claims SOURCE: $§ 4.133 to 4.140 contained in E.O. 9227, 7 F.R. 6629, Aug. 22, 1942, except as otherwise noted.

§ 4.133 Investigation of accidents involving potential claims.

Whenever, within the waters of the Canal Zone, including the locks of the canal, a vessel, or its cargo, crew, or pas

sengers, meets with an accident or sustains any injury which may be the basis of a claim against the Panama Canal Company or inflicts any injury upon any structure, plant, or equipment of the Panama Canal Company, the Board of Local Inspectors of the Canal Zone Government, or a member thereof, shall promptly conduct an investigation of such accident or injury, including all the facts and circumstances surrounding it and bearing upon its proximate causation, the nature and extent of the injury, and the amount of the damages, if any, occasioned by such injury, and shall promptly, upon the conclusion of such investigation, transmit to the President of the Panama Canal Company, for his consideration in connection with any claim which may arise, a transcript of the record of such investigation, together with its findings and conclusions respecting the accident or injury. All matters pertaining to such investigation shall be completed before the vessel concerned leaves Canal Zone waters, and no claim shall be considered unless the basis therefor has been laid before the Panama Canal Company, prior to the vessel's sailing.

CROSS REFERENCE: Compelling attendance and testimony of witnesses and production of books and papers before members of board, see Canal Zone Code, title 2, sections 42 and 43.

§ 4.136 Handling of wrecked, injured, or burning vessels.

When a vessel in Canal Zone waters goes aground, or is wrecked, or is so injured that it is liable to become an obstruction in such waters, or is on fire, the Canal authorities shall have the right to supervise and direct, or to take complete charge of and conduct, all operations which may be necessary to float the vessel, to clear the wreckage, to remove the injured vessel to a safe location, or to extinguish the fire, as the case may be. The Canal authorities may, when necessary, take such action without awaiting the permission of the owner or agent of the vessel, and may require the master of the vessel and all persons under his supervision and control to place the vessel, and all equipment on board, at the disposal of the Canal authorities without cost to the Canal. In the event the vessel is subsequently found and determined to be responsible for the accident or the condition necessitating action by the Canal authorities, the necessary expenses

incurred by the Canal in carrying out the provisions of this section shall be a proper charge against such vessel.

§ 4.136a Fires aboard vessels; Port Captain to be in charge.

In case of fires aboard vessels, the Port Captain shall be in complete charge for the purpose of coordinating the various Canal Zone Government or Panama Canal Company functions engaged or concerned.

[Regs. Gov., July 26, 1935]

§ 4.137

Penalty for injuring or obstructing Canal.

As provided by section 821 of title 5 of the Canal Zone Code, any person who by any means or in any way injures or obstructs or attempts to injure or obstruct any part of the Panama Canal or the locks thereof or the approaches thereto, shall be punished by imprisonment in the penitentiary for not more than 20 years, or by a fine of not more than $10,000, or by both. And as provided by section 255 of title 5 of the said Code, if any act in violation of the foregoing provisions of this section shall cause the death of any person within a year and a day thereafter, the person so convicted shall be guilty of murder and shall be punished accordingly.

§ 4.138

Liability of vessel for injury to Canal structures or equipment.

A vessel, or its owner or operator, shall be held liable for any injury to any structure, plant, or equipment of or pertaining to the Panama Canal Company when such injury is proximately caused by the negligence or fault of the vessel or its master or crew. No vessel shall make fast, or run any line, to any marker, buoy, beacon, or other aid to navigation; and a vessel shall so navigate as not to strike such aids in passing.

fied in §§ 4.138 and 4.139, the matter of damages shall be adjusted by mutual agreement when practicable between the Panama Canal Company and the owner, agents, or underwriters of the vessel; and in case of disagreement, the vessel or its owner or operator shall be proceeded against in the United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone.

Subpart G-Radio Communication

SOURCE: §§ 4.141a to 4.151 contained in E.O. 8715, 6 F.R. 1531, Mar. 21, 1941, except as otherwise noted.

§ 4.141a Radio communication defined.

For the purposes of §§ 4.141a-4.149, unless the context otherwise requires, the term "radio communication" means the transmission by radio of writing, signs, signals, pictures, and sounds of all kinds, including all instrumentalities, facilities, apparatus, and services (among other things the receipt, forwarding, and delivery of communications) incidental to such transmission. § 4.141b Control by Governor; exercise through Naval Shore Stations.

The Governor of the Canal Zone shall, subject to the provisions of this chapter, have entire control of radio communication in the Canal Zone so far as concerns or affects vessels in the harbors and other waters of the Canal Zone or the navigation of such waters, except vessels owned or operated by the United States Army or the United States Navy. In the exercise of such control the Governor may in his discretion utilize the shore radio stations owned by the United States and operated by the Navy Department, which stations are referred to as the shore stations.

§ 4.141c Communication by vessels approaching Canal.

Vessels approaching the Panama Canal shall communicate by radio to the Port Captain concerned, through the shore station which shall be designated, such information relative to their Canal business as the Governor may prescribe. § 4.142 Information required.

As soon as radio communication can be established, vessels shall report via the local Government shore radio stations to the Port Captain their names, whether or not they desire to pass through the Canal, requirements, probable time of arrival, draft, last port of

call, whether or not there is any communicable disease aboard, number of landing passengers, if any, whether or not any structural changes have been made to the vessel since last transit, and any other matters of importance and interest. In addition to the above: (a) Tankers shall report (1) the grades of cargo carried, if any, (2) the grade of cargo last carried in each empty tank that is not gas free; (b) ships carrying explosives of any nature, whether for transit or docking, shall report (1) the grades of such explosives, (2) the quantity in tons of each grade of such explosives. If the above information has been previously communicated to the Port Captain, through agents or otherwise, it will not be necessary to report by radio anything but the probable time of arrival and this shall always be sent to the Port Captain by radio via the local Government shore radio stations at least 48 hours in advance of arrival. Vessels approaching the Canal from the Pacific, in addition to the above, shall report time of passing Cape Mala and the speed being made good. Vessels approaching from the Atlantic, in addition to the above, shall report 12 hours prior to arrival any change of one hour or more from the original expected time of arrival.

[Regs. Gov., 24 F.R. 2277, Mar. 24, 1959] § 4.142a Operation of vessel radios in conformity with treaties.

While in Canal Zone waters, vessels equipped with radio shall be required to operate such equipment at all times in conformity with the principles and rules stipulated in the treaties or conventions to which the United States is a party. § 4.143 Restrictions on vessel radios as to power, testing and tuning. Except as authorized by authority of the Governor, vessels within the fifteenmile limit of the Canal Zone shall transmit only with low power and shall do no testing or tuning.

§ 4.144 Low power, how defined.

Low power, when using a tube set, is defined as not more than 100 watts. [Reg. 176.1, Regs. Gov., Aug. 1, 1931]

All vessels equipped with radio, except those whose radio equipment has been sealed in Canal Zone waters in accordance with orders issued by competent authority, shall, after leaving the terminal harbor to pass through the Canal, keep a radio operator on watch, on such frequency as the shore stations shall direct, until arrival at the farther terminal harbor: Provided, That in cases where the vessel has only one radio operator serving on board, the radio watch shall be required only while the vessel is under way between Gatun Locks and Pedro Miguel Locks.

§ 4.149

Precedent of messages relative to vessel's movements and Canal business; use of vessel's radio by pilot. Messages relating to a vessel's movements and Canal business shall take precedence over all commercial messages. The pilot on a vessel passing through the Canal shall be afforded free use of the vessel's radio for the transaction of Canal business.

§ 4.150 Immediate report of accidents, delays, or casualties.

Under the direction of the pilot, ships shall report by radio to the local Government shore radio stations any accident, either to themselves, or anything else that may delay them or require assistance, any sickness or casualties that

No vessel shall discharge or throw into the waters of the Canal Zone any ballast, ashes, cinders, boxes, barrels, straw, paper, or other solid matter; nor discharge heavy slops, engine or fire room bilge water, oil, or any other matter that will tend to deface or make the waters of the Canal Zone insanitary. This requirement shall not apply to water closet chutes, nor to the water used in cooking or in cleaning tableware. Before arrival from the sea at either of the terminal ports, vessels should get rid of all waste forbidden to be discharged in the Canal Zone waters.

[Rule 177, E.O. 4314, Sept. 25, 1925]

§ 4.153 Handling ballast.

Vessels wishing to unload or load ballast must have proper chutes, so arranged as to prevent ballast from falling overboard.

[Reg. 177.1, Regs. Gov., Aug. 1, 1931]

§ 4.154 Removing wastes at wharves.

No vessel lying at a wharf in the Canal Zone shall place any wastes upon such wharf, but garbage may be placed in the covered galvanized iron cans supplied upon the wharf for that purpose by the Canal authorities. Vessels desiring to remove dry wastes, such as boxes, trash, paper, etc., should make request to the Canal authorities, who will place a dump car alongside to receive such matter. These services are chargable to the vessel.

[Rule 178, E.O. 4314, Sept. 25, 1925]

§ 4.155 Removing wastes when anchored for considerable time.

A vessel anchored in Canal Zone waters for a considerable length of time may get rid of vessel wastes by requesting the Canal authorities to place a garbage scow alongside. This service is chargeable to the vessel.

[Rule 179, E.O. 4314, Sept. 25, 1925]

§ 4.156 Nets and other obstructions.

No fishing nets or other obstructions shall be placed in any of the navigable waters of the Canal Zone.

[Rule 180, E.O. 4314, Sept. 25, 1925] Subpart -Licensing of Officers of Vessels

§ 4.157 Classification and licensing of masters, mates, engineers, and pilots. Under the direction of the Governor, the Board of Local Inspectors shall recommend the classification of masters, mates, engineers, and pilots of steam and motor vessels navigating the waters of the Canal Zone; and upon such recommendation licenses shall be issued by the Supervising Inspector or by such other officer as may be designated by the Governor.

[C.Z.O. 43, 21 F.R. 5405, July 19, 1956] § 4.158

Term, and suspension or revocation, of licenses.

Licenses shall be granted for a term of three years, but may be suspended or revoked by the Supervising Inspector, or by such other officer as may be designated by the Governor, upon satisfactory proof of negligence, unskillfulness, intemperance or other improper conduct: Provided, however, That prior to final action in the matter of the suspension or revocation of any license, the Board of Local Inspectors shall conduct a hearing in the matter and submit its recommendations therein to the Supervising Inspector or other designated officer.

[C.Z.O. 43, 21 F.R. 5405, July 19, 1956] §4.159 Citizenship of licensees.

Licenses for masters, mates, engineers, and pilots may be issued only to persons who are citizens of the United States or the Republic of Panama: Provided, however, That persons now holding licenses for these positions may have such licenses renewed from time to time, upon