SEC. 32. No special or local law shall be considered by the legislature until notice of the intended introduction of such bill or bills shall first have been published for four consecutive weeks in some weekly newspaper published or of general circulation in the city or county affected by such law, stating in substance the contents thereof, and verified proof of such publication filed with the secretary of state. SEC. 33. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the house of representatives. The senate may propose amendments to revenue bills. No revenue bill shall be passed during the five last days of the

session.

SEC. 34. Every bill shall be read on three different days in each house, and no bill shall become a law unless, on its final passage, it be read at length, and no law shall be passed unless upon a vote of a majority of all the members elected to each house in favor of such law; and the question, upon final passage, shall be taken upon its last reading, and the yeas and nays shall be entered upon the journal.

SEC. 35. The presiding officer of each house shall, in the presence of the house over which he presides, sign all bills and joint resolutions passed by the legislature, immediately after the same shall have been publicly read at length, and the fact of reading and signing shall be entered upon the journal, but the reading at length may be dispensed with by a two-thirds vote of a quorum present, which vote, by yeas and nays, shall also be entered upon the journal.

POWERS AND DUTIES.

SEC. 36. The authority of the legislature shall extend to all rightful subjects of legislation, and any specific grant of authority in this constitution, upon any subject whatsoever, shall not work a restriction, limitation, or exclusion of such authority upon the same or any other subject or subjects whatsoever.

SEC. 37. The legislature shall have the power to establish a state printing plant and to provide for the election or appointment of a state printer.

SEC. 38. The legislature shall provide for the establishment of a state geological and economic survey.

SEC. 39. The legislature shall create a board of health, board of dentistry, board of pharmacy, and pure food commission, and prescribe the duties of each. All physicians, dentists, and pharmacists now legally registered and practicing in Oklahoma and Indian Territory shall be eligible to registration in the State of Oklahoma without examination or cost.

SEC. 40. The legislature shall provide for organizing, disciplining, arming, maintaining, and equipping the militia of the State.

SEC. 41. The legislature may enact laws authorizing cities to pension meritorious and disabled firemen.

SEC. 42. In any legislative investigation either house of the legislature, or any committee thereof, duly authorized by the house creating the same, shall have power to punish as for contempt, disobedience of process, or contumacious or disorderly conduct, and this provision shall also apply to joint sessions of the legislature, and also to joint committees thereof, when authorized by joint resolution of both houses.

SEC. 43. The legislature shall, in the year 1909 and each ten years thereafter, make provision by law for revising, digesting, and promulgating the statutes of the State.

SEC. 44. The legislature shall define what is an unlawful combination, monopoly, trust, act, or agreement, in restraint of trade, and enact laws to punish persons engaged in any unlawful combination, monopoly, trust, act, or agreement, in restraint of trade, or composing any such monopoly, trust, or combination.

SEC. 45. The legislature shall pass such laws as are necessary for carrying into effect the provisions of this constitution.

LIMITATIONS.

SEC. 46. The legislature shall not, except as otherwise provided in this constitution, pass any local or special law authorizing the creation, extension, or impairing of liens; regulating the affairs of counties, cities, towns, wards, or school districts; changing the names of persons or places; authorizing the laying out, opening, altering, or maintaining of roads, highways, streets, or alleys; relating to ferries or bridges, or incorporating ferry or bridge companies, except for the erection of bridges crossing streams which form boundaries between this and any other State; vacating roads, town plats, streets, or alleys; relating to cemeteries, graveyards, or public grounds not owned by the State; authorizing the adoption or legitimation of children; locating or changing county seats; incorporating cities, towns, or villages, or changing their charters; for the opening and conducting of elections, or fixing or changing the places of voting; granting divorces; creating offices, or prescribing the powers and duties of officers, in counties, cities, towns, election or school districts; changing the law of descent or succession; regulating the practice or jurisdiction of, or changing the rules of evidence in judicial proceedings or inquiry before the courts, justices of the peace, sheriffs, commissioners, arbitrators, or other tribunals, or providing or changing the methods for the collection of debts, or the enforcement of judgments or prescribing the effect of judicial sales of real estate; regulating the fees, or extending the powers and duties of aldermen, justices of the peace, or constables; regulating the management of public schools, the building or repairing of schoolhouses, and the raising of money for such purposes; fixing the rate of interest; affecting the estate of minors, or persons under disability; remitting fines, penalties and forfeitures, and refunding moneys legally paid into the treasury; exempting property from taxation; declaring any named person of age; extending the time for the assessment or collection of taxes, or otherwise relieving any assessor or collector of taxes from due performance of his official duties, or his securities from liability; giving effect to informal or invalid wills or deeds; summoning or impaneling grand or petit juries; for limitation of civil or criminal actions; for incorporating railroads or other works of internal improvements; providing for change of venue in civil and criminal

cases.

SEC. 47. The legislature shall not retire any, officer on pay or part pay, or make any grant to such retiring officer.

SEC. 48. The legislature shall have no power to appropriate any of the public money for the establishment and maintenance of a bureau of immigration in this State.

SEC. 49. The legislature shall not increase the number or emolument of its employees, or the employees of either house, except by general law, which shall not take effect during the term at which such increase was made.

SEC. 50. The legislature shall pass no law exempting any property within this State from taxation, except as otherwise provided in this constitution.

SEC. 51. The legislature shall pass no law granting to any association, corporation, or individual any exclusive rights, privileges, or immunities within this State.

SEC. 52. The legslature shall have no power to revive any right or remedy which may have become barred by lapse of time, or by any statute of this State. After suit has been commenced on any cause of action, the legislature shall have no power to take away such cause of action, or destroy any existing defense to such suit.

SEC. 53. The legislature shall have no power to release or extinguish, or to authorize the releasing or extinguishing, in whole or in part, the indebtedness, liabilities, or obligations of any corporation, or individual, to this State, or any county or other municipal corporation thereof.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

SEC. 54. The repeal of a statute shall not revive a statute previously repealed by such statute, nor shall such repeal affect any accrued right, or penalty incurred, or proceedings begun by virtue of such repealed statute.

SEC. 55. No money shall ever be paid out of the treasury of this State, nor any of its funds, nor any of the funds under its management, except in pursuance of an appropriation by law, nor unless such payments be made within two and one-half years after the passage of such appropriation act, and every such law making a new appropriation, or continuing or reviving an appropriation, shall distinctly specify the sum appropriated and the object to which it is to be applied, and it shall not be sufficient for such law to refer to any other law to fix such sum.

SEC. 56. The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing but appropriations for the expenses of the executive, legislative, and judicial departments of the State, and for interest on the public debt. The salary of no officer or employee of the State, or any subdivision thereof, shall be increased in such bill, nor shall any appropriation be made therein for any such officer or employee, unless his employment and the amount of his salary shall have been already provided for by law. All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills, each embracing but one subject.

SEC. 57. Every act of the legislature shall embrace but one subject, which shall be clearly expressed in its title, except general appropriation bills, general revenue bills, and bills adopting a code, digest, or revision of statutes; and no law shall be revived, amended, or the provisions thereof extended or conferred, by reference to its title only; but so much thereof as is revived, amended, extended, or conferred

shall be reenacted and published at length: Provided, That if any subject be embraced in any act contrary to the provisions of this section, such act shall be void only as to so much of the law as may not be expressed in the title thereof.

SEC. 58. No act shall take effect until ninety days after the adjournment of the session at which it was passed, except enactments for carrying into effect provisions relating to the initiative and referendum, or a general appropriation bill, unless, in case of emergency, to be expressed in the act, the legislature, by a vote of two-thirds of all members elected to each house, so directs. An emergency measure shall include only such measures as are immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, and shall not include the granting of franchises or license to a corporation or individual, to extend longer than one year, nor provision for the purchase or sale of real estate, nor the renting or encumbrance of real property for a longer term than one year. Emergency measures may be vetoed by the governor, but such measures so vetoed may be passed by a three-fourths vote of each house, to be duly entered on the journal.

SEC. 59. Laws of a general nature shall have a uniform operation throughout the State, and where a general law can be made applicable, no special law shall be enacted.

SEC. 60. The legislature shall provide by law for the establishment and maintenance of an efficient system of checks and balances between the officers of the executive department; and all commissioners and superintendents, and boards of control of State institutions, and all other officers intrusted with the collection, receipt, custody, or disbursement of the revenue or moneys of the State whatsoever.

ARTICLE VI.

Executive Department.

SECTION 1. The executive authority of the State shall be vested in a governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state, state auditor, attorney-general, state treasurer, superintendent of public instruction, state examiner and inspector, chief mine inspector, commissioner of labor, commissioner of charities and corrections, commissioner of insurance, and other officers provided by law and this constitution, each of whom shall keep his office and public records, books, and papers at the seat of government, and shall perform such duties as may be designated in this constitution or prescribed by law.

SEC. 2. The supreme executive power shall be vested in a chief magistrate, who shall be styled "The governor of the State of Oklahoma."

SEC. 3. No person shall be eligible to the office of governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state, state auditor, attorney-general, state treasurer, superintendent of public instruction, or state examiner and inspector, except a male citizen of the United States, of the age of not less than 30 years, and who shall have been three years next preceding his election a qualified elector of this State: Provided, That residence in this State shall include the territory now embraced in this State.

SEC. 4. The term of office of the governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state (state auditor, attorney-general, state treasurer, state

examiner and inspector, and superintendent of public instruction shall be four years from the second Monday of January next after their election. The governor, secretary of state, state auditor, and state treasurer shall not be eligible immediately to succeed themselves. The term of the state officers chosen at the first election under this constitution shall begin on the day on which the State is admitted into the Union, and expire on the second Monday of January, in the year 1911.

SEC. 5. The returns of every election for all elective State officers shall be sealed up and transmitted by the returning officers to the secretary of state, directed to the speaker of the house of representatives, who shall, immediately after the organization of the house, and before proceeding to other business, open and publish the same in the prescence of a majority of each branch of the legislature, who shall for that purpose assemble in the hall of the house of representatives. The persons respectively having the highest number of votes for either of the said offices shall be declared duly elected; but in case two or more shall have an equal and the highest number of votes for either of said offices, the legislature shall, forthwith, by joint ballot, choose one of the said persons so having an equal and the highest number of votes for said office.

GOVERNOR.

SEC. 6. The governor shall be commander in chief of the militia of the State, except when in service of the United States, and may call out the same to execute the laws, protect the public health, suppress insurrecion, and repel invasion.

SEC. 7. The governor shall have power to convoke the legislature, or the senate only, on extraordinary occasions. At extraordinary sessions, no subject shall be acted upon, except such as the governor may recommend for consideration.

SEC. 8. The governor shall cause the laws of the State to be faithfully executed, and shall conduct in person or in such manner as may be prescribed by law all intercourse and business of the State with other States and with the United States, and he shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State.

SEC. 9. At every session of the legislature, and immediately upon its organization, the governor shall communicate by message, delivered to a joint session of the two houses, upon the condition of the State; and shall recommend such matters to the legislature as he shall judge expedient. He shall also transmit a copy, to each house, of the full report of each State officer and State commission. He shall communicate, from time to time, such matters as he may elect or the legislature may require.

SEC. 10. The governor shall have power to grant, after conviction, reprieves, commutations, paroles, and pardons for all offenses, except cases of impeachment, upon such conditions and with such restrictions and limitations as he may deem proper, subject to such regulations as may be prescribed by law. He shall communicate to the legislature, at each regular session, each case of reprieve, commutation, parole, or pardon, granted, stating the name of the convict, the crime of which he was convicted, the date and place of conviction and the date of commutation, pardon, parole, or reprieve.