place is much frequented for its sea-bathing, and forms simply a continuation of North Shields, a town celebrated for its ship-building and commerce generally, a little further up the river.

The estuary here forms one great port capable, it is said, of affording secure anchorage to 2000 merchant vessels.

On the opposite side of the river is South Shields. On continuing our course for a mile or two we come to Wallsend.

The name of this place is very appropriate, for it is built at the eastern end of the

opposite sides of the river really form one large town and are connected by numerous bridges, one of which, the High Level Bridge, built by the great engineer, Robert Stephenson, is especially noticeable.

Newcastle used to be called in old Roman days 'Pons Elii,' and fragments of the walls and towers with which it was surrounded may still be seen. A strong fortress built here by Robert, the ill-fated son of the Conqueror, is supposed to have originated the modern name.

All boys should remember Gateshead,

for Daniel Defoe is said to have resided in that town when writing his ' Adventures of Robinson Crusoe.'

Proceeding westward, we pass the mouth of the Derwent and come to the ancient town of Hexham. Originally the see of a bishop, it suffered considerably in the wars with Scotland, and was almost entirely destroyed by fire on one occasion during Edward I.'s reign.

It was here also that, on May 15, 1464, in the Wars of the Roses, the brave Queen Margaret was defeated by Lord Montacute, the brother of the Earl of Warwick. A little to the westward of Hexham the river divides into two branches distinguished by the names of North and South Tyne respectively.

The southern stream leads us near Haltwhistle, and rises among the bleak moorlands of the Pennine range, in the extreme east of Cumberland.

The first town of any importance we reach on the North Tyne is Wark, the

name of which is probably due to some works (i.e. fortifications) thrown up here by Edward I.

A small stream called the Otter joins us a few miles farther north, and flows by Otterburn, celebrated for the battle which occurred there in 1388 between the Percys and the Douglases. There are several mounds and entrenchments on the battlefield, and a cross, called by a misnomer 'Percy's Cross,' has been erected on the spot where Douglas is supposed to have fallen.

Continuing our journey, we come to the prettily-situated town of Bellingham, which is the last place of any importance we shall pass.

The river now flows through a thinlypopulated country covered with moor and heath, and has its source near the confines of Scotland, some twenty miles to the north, near Carter Fell, one of the Cheviots.

if we had to change it and reduce it before we put it into our mouths, there is great danger that we should not do it properly. We should find our acid bottle empty, or the soda shop shut up, and what could we do then? Even as it is, there are some people who will not take the trouble only to cook the food properly, and it would be a bad thing if all the work was left to careless hands.

But it is not so left. There is provided within the body very wonderful little organs which really manufacture and store up different kinds of fluids, so that the work may go on without any help from us. These wonderful little organs are called glands.

LESSON XXIII.

THERE are a great many different glands in the body. They are placed in the parts where the work has to be done. One set does one kind of work, and another set quite a different kind of work, but they never make a mistake or get into a muddle -the acid glands do not make soda, nor the soda glands acid. They do their work well. They have to make and store up the right fluid for the work they have to do; and in the right place, with the right fluid, and at the right time, they get the food ready for the body's use.

If we eat unwholesome food, such as unripe fruit

or tough, half-cooked meat, or heavy, lumpy pudding, there are no glands provided to make such things fit for food. We ought to take care that we do not load these little organs with work they cannot do. If we do this, then they must get weak and diseased, and we shall suffer pain and illness, for our health depends upon theirs.

LESSON XXIV.

Now let us remind ourselves of some of the things of which the body is made, for those things we must seek to obtain in the food we eat.

We will begin with the bones.

Bone is made almost entirely of lime and gelatine. You know that when man make mortar for building they mix up with the lime a quantity of hair. This spreads throngh the lime like threads, and holds it together so that it does not crumble away. And the gelatine does something like this in our bones-it forms very tiny fibres, which run up and down and in and out of the lime, and hold it well together. Without the gelatine, the lime would be brittle; without the lime, the gelatine would bend and twist about. Neither lime or gelatine would make good bones by themselves, but together they are all that we need for support.

Primate, the highest dignitary of the Church.
Prophecies, foretellings.

Revelry, rejoicing, making merry.

Revenue, income, receipts, or rents from any source. Ridiculous, deserving or exciting ridicule, absurd laughable.

Romantic, pertaining to romance, fictitious, extravagant. Satire, ridicule, severity of remark.

Scathing, cutting, sharp, violent.

Squadron, company of soldiers.

Tenants, occupiers of land or houses.

Verdure, greenness, freshness of growth.

Violent, outrageous, acting with excessive force, vehement, passionate.

Voluptuous, given to excess of pleasure.

Weltering, rolling or wallowing.

3. 1,013,0088156.

I. 1236 cr.+1462 h. cr. + 18,000 flor. 14,338 farthings.

2. Bring 8,176,419 farthings to £ s. d.

3. How many twopences are there in 16,358 guineas?

1. Subtract £936 14s. 8d. from £6000, and bring the remainder to farthings.

2. Find the difference between 9378 cr. and 63,179 fl.

3. Divide 9,182,349 by the difference between 7196 and 3489.

STANDARD IV.

1. How many seconds are there from Friday at 6.27 a.m. to the following Thursday at 4.38 p.m.?

2. Bring 7,184,295 sec. to days, etc.

3. Divide £7854 16s. 84d. by 9183.

F. 1. Bring 7, 164,831 dr. to cwts.,

etc.

2. If copy-books are 27s. a gross, how many dozen could be bought for £16 17s. 6d. ?

3. 27 lb. 9 oz. 17 dwt. 19 gr. x 605.

STANDARD V.

E. 1. A bill:-3 yds. at 5s. 9d., 61 at 6s. 9d., 24 at 8s. 7d., 14 at 5s. 5d., and 184 at 2s. 3d. 2. 120 yds. 3 qr. 3 nl. at 5s. 6d. a yard.

3.

What would 2 million bricks cost at £1 13s. 9d. a thousand?

F. 1. What would 780 oranges cost if 160 cost 8s. 6d.?

2. A bill:-3 ton at 7s. 6d. a cwt., 3 cwt. at 7s. 6d. a ton, 56 lb. at 36s. 8d. a ton, 4 lb. of tea at 24d. an oz., and 126 lb. at 10s. 6d. a cwt.

3. 18 ac. 3 r. 27 per. at 2s. 9d. a

sq.yard.

ADVANCED EXAMINATION.

I. If a boy earns td. an hour, how much would 200 boys earn in 24 days of 7 hours each?

2. Half a sovereign was spent in pears at Id. a pound, which were divided among 90 scholars, -how many pears would each get, 6 pears weighing a lb. ?

3. From £701,723 14s. 8d. take £60,914 18s. 9d., and bring the remainder to farthings.

ADVANCED EXAMINATION.

1. A grocer gave £600 for a quantity of tea, and by retailing it at 24d. an oz. he gained 150 by it. How much tea did he buy for the £600?

2. If 6 rabbits are worth 8 pigeons, and 20 pigeons be worth 25s., what would 300 rabbits be worth?

3. How many girls' dresses, each requiring 6 yd. 2 qr. 2 nl., can be be made out of 64 pieces of merino, each piece containing 36 yd. 3 qr. 3 nl. ?

ADVANCED EXAMINATION. 1. Make out this bill in proper form, and then receipt it :-50 bales of Sydney wool, each 240 lb., at Is. 8 d. a lb.; 84 bales of Queensland wool, each 230 lb., at Is. 9d. a lb. ; 70 bales of German wool, each 200 lb., at Is. 7td. a lb.; 90 bales of Spanish wool, each 180 lb., at Is. Ioдd. a lb. 2. Divide £168 among 20 men, 40 women, and 60 boys,-so that a man gets 6s. more than a woman, and a woman 4s. more than a boy. What will each boy get? 3. If 46 ac. 3 r. 20 per. of land cost £2,170 15s., what would 150 ac. 3 r. cost?

2. From 7 take of 5.
3. (82-13)÷78.

B. I. 035+2 845+00725.
2. (7.835-382)÷250.

3. Bring 6s. 84d. to the dec. of £5. C. 1. If 8 horses plough 20 acres in 6 days, in how many days would 18 horses plough 36 acres?

2. What would 200 lbs. of ham cost, if 10 lbs. of bacon cost 5s. 6d., the value of ham to bacon being as 5 to 4?

3. If 3 ton of coal cost 38s., what would 8 cwt. cost?

put out at simple interest for 2 years at 5 per cent. would amount to £425?

2. Find the cube root of 273,359,449.

3.

E. 1.

Add 55 per cent. to £17 12s. 6d.

A grocer bought soap at 25s. 3d. a cwt., and sold it at 3d. a lb. Find his gain per

cent.

2. How much money must be invested in the 3 per cents. at 101 to produce £200 a year?

3. Find the discount on £250 paid 8 months before due at 4 per cent. per annum. F. I. In how many days at 5 per cent. would £685 make 175. 9d. interest? 2. Find the brokerage on £4785 IOS. at 4s. 3d. per cent. 3. If 18 per cent. be gained by selling ribbon at 9d. a yard, what would be the gain or loss per cent. by selling it at 64d. a yard?

ADVANCED EXAMINATION.

I. A school consists of four classes, 20

per cent. of the scholars being in

the first class, 24 per cent in the second, 26 per cent, in the third,

and the fourth class contains 45 scholars. Find the number of scholars in the school.

2. A person transfers £4500 stock from the 3 per cents. at 924, to Bank of England stock at 260 paying 10 per cent. What is the

alteration in his annual income?

3. A square field contains 6 ac. 2 rd;

20 per., find its side in yards.