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or under the authority of congress, before the assembling of the United States, in pursuance of the present confederation, shall be deemed and considered as a charge against the United States, for payment and satisfaction whereof, the said United States, and the public faith are hereby solemnly pledged.

ART. XIII. Every state shall abide by the determinations of the United States in congress assembled, on all questions which by this confederation are submitted to them. And the articles of this confederation shall be inviolably observed by every state, and the union shall be perpetual; nor shall any alteration at any time hereafter be made in any of them, unless such alteration be agreed to by a congress of the United States, and be afterwards confirmed by the legislatures of every state.

And whereas it hath pleased the great Governor of the world to incline the hearts of the legislatures we respectively represent in congress, to approve of, and to authorize us to ratify the said articles of confederation and perpetual union: KNOW YE, that we,

the undersigned delegates, by virtue of the power and authority to us given for that purpose, do by these presents, in the name and in behalf of our respective constituents, fully and entirely ratify and confirm each and every of the said articles of confederation and perpetual union, and all and singular the matters and things therein contained and we do further solemnly plight and engage the faith of our respective constituents, that they shall abide by the determinations of the United States in congress assembled, on all questions, which by the said confederation are submitted to them; and that the articles thereof shall be inviolably observed by the states we respectively represent, and that the union shall be perpetual.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands in congress. Done at Philadelphia in the state of Pennsylvania the ninth day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventyeight, and in the third year of the independence of America.

On the part and behalf of the state of New Hampshire.

Josiah Bartlett,

John Wentworth jun., August 8, 1778.

On the part and behalf of the state of Massachusetts Bay.

John Hancock,

Samuel Adams,

Elbridge Gerry,

Francis Dana,
James Lovell,

Samuel Holten.

On the part and behalf of the state of Rhode

Island and Providence Plantations.

William Ellery,

Henry Marchant,
John Collins.

On the part and behalf of the state of Connec

Roger Sherman,

ticut.

Samuel Huntington,

Oliver Wolcott,

Titus Hosmer,

Andrew Adams.

On the part and behalf of the state of New

Jas. Duane,

Fra. Lewis,

Wm. Duer,

Gouv. Morris.

York.

On the part and behalf of the state of New Jersey.

Jno. Witherspoon, Nov. 26, 1778.

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On the part and behalf of the state of Pennsyl

Rob't. Morris,

vania.

Daniel Roberdeau,

Jona. Bayard Smith,

William Clingan,

Jos. Reed, 22d July, 1778.

On the part and behalf of the state of Delaware.

Thos. M'Kean, Feb. 13, 1779.

John Dickinson, May 5th, 1779.
Nicholas Van Dyke.

On the part and behalf of the state of Mary

land.

John Hanson, March 1, 1781.

Daniel Carroll, do.

On the part and behalf of the state of Virginia.

Richard Henry Lee,

John Banister,

Thomas Adams,

Jno. Harvie,

Francis Lightfoot Lee.

On the part and behalf of the state of North Carolina.

John Penn, July 21st, 1778.

Corns. Harnett,

Jno. Williams.

On the part and behalf of the state of South Carolina.

Henry Laurens,

William Henry Drayton,
Jno. Mathews,

Richard Hutson,

Thomas Heyward jun.

On the part and behalf of the state of Georgia.

Jno. Walton, 24th July, 1778.

Edwd. Telfair,

Edw. Langworthy.

[NOTE. From the circumstance of delegates from the same state having signed the articles of confed. eration at different times, as appears by the dates, it is probable they affixed their names as they happened to be present in congress, after they had been authorized by their constituents.]

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