Constitutional provisions-Who are civil officers-For
what offenses impeachment will lie-Punishment-
Effect of dissolution of Congress.
THE ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT and VICE-PRESIDENT
The Executive Department-Appointment of presidential
electors; Plenary powers of the States-Original pro-
vision of the Constitution as to election of President
and Vice-President; Inadequacy of Twelfth Amend-
ment-Counting the votes-Laws of 1887-Presi-
dential succession-Act of 1792.
THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT
The president as administrative chief-Administrative
decentralization in the States-Increasing integration
of Federal administration-Information to Congress
-The President's control of foreign relations-The
veto power of the President-The President's par-
doning power.
THE APPOINTMENT AND REMOVAL OF OFFICERS Constitutional provisions-"Officer" of the United States defined-Inferior officers-Nominations-Creation of offices-Civil Service requirements-The power of removal-Congress may regulate the removal of inferior officers-Injunctions to prevent removal— Mandamus to reinstate in office.
Military powers of the General Government-Military
law-Reference to members of the army and navy-
Articles of war-Obligations assumed by enlistment
-Courts-martial-Jurisdiction of courts-martial over
offenses which are also violations of the local civil
law-The power of Congress to vest in military tri-
bunals exclusive jurisdiction over all offenses com-
mitted by military persons, including offenses which
are also crimes against the civil law-Powers of the
Commander-in-Chief of the army and navy-Decla-
ration of war—The prosecution of war—The organi-
zation and disciplining of the militia-The militia as
an arm of the Federal Government-The uses of the
militia and Federal troops to suppress domestic dis-
order Military government-Military government
of foreign territory-Military government of domes-
tic territory in times of peace.
Martial law defined-Martial law a form of the police
power-Martial power limited-Martial law does
not abrogate civil law and civil guarantees-Martial
law and military government distinguished-Martial
law in time of war-Exercise of military authority
outside the immediate theatre of war: Ex parte Milli-
gan-Habeas corpus-Suspension of the writ-Power
of the President to suspend the writ.
THE SEPARATION OF POWERS
The separation of powers-Separation of powers in the
States not compelled by the Federal Constitution-
Powers separated in the Federal Government-Sepa-
ration of powers not complete-The general principle
stated-Declaratory and retroactive legislation—
Legislative control of judicial procedure and powers
—Jurisdiction and judicial power distinguished—
Contempts-Pardoning powers of the President and
contempts-Power of Congress to punish for con-
tempt-The performance of administrative acts by
the courts Judicial review of administrative deter-
minations—Judicial powers of administrative agents.
CONCLUSIVENESS OF ADMINISTRATIVE DETERMINATIONS
Due process of law does not demand determination of
rights in courts of law-Fraud orders-Chinese Ex-
clusion cases--Ju Toy case-Constitutional require-
ments of administrative determinations-Arbitrary
administrative discretion-Mandamus-The amena-
bility of the President to compulsory judicial process
-Obligation of the President to enforce laws be-
lieved by him to be unconstitutional-Liability of the
State for the acts of its officers-Legal liability of
public officials to private individuals injured by their
acts-Ultra vires acts-Responsibility of officers for
improper exercise of authority-Malice, etc.--Respon-
sibility of judges of courts of superior or general ju-
risdiction.
THE DELEGATION OF LEGISLATIVE POWER
Delegated power may not be delegated-Local governing
powers may be delegated-Power to issue administra-
tive ordinances may be delegated-Delegation of
rate-making powers-The referendum as a delegation
of legislative power-Administrative ordinances.
Ableman v. Booth, 21 How. 506; 16 L. ed. 169..
Adair v. United States, 208 U. S. 161; 28 Sup. Ct. Rep. 277; 52
L. ed. 436....
Adams v. New York, 192 U. S. 585; 24 Sup. Ct. Rep. 372; 48 L.
ed. 575...
Adams Express Co. v. Iowa, 196 U. S. 147; 25 Sup. Ct. Rep. 185; 49 L. ed. 424.
v. Kentucky, 206 U. S. 129; 27 Sup. Ct. Rep. 606; 51 L. ed.
987.
v. Ohio State Auditor, 165 U. S. 194; 17 Sup. Ct. Rep. 305;
41 L. ed. 683..
v. Ohio State Auditor, 166 U. S. 185; 17 Sup. Ct. Rep. 604;
41 L. ed. 965.
Addyston Pipe & Steel Co. v. United States, 175 U. S. 211; 20
Sup. Ct. Rep. 96; 44 L. ed. 136.
Ah Chong, In re, 6 Sawyer, 451
Alabama v. Burr, 115 U. S. 413; 6 Sup. Ct. Rep. 81; 29 L. ed. 435....
Allen v. Riley, 203 U. S. 347; 27 Sup. Ct. Rep. 95; 51 L. ed. 216
Allgeyer v. Louisiana, 165 U. S. 578; 17 Sup. Ct. Rep. 427; 41 L. ed. 832...
Almy v. California, 24 How. 169; 16 L. ed. 644..
Ambrosini v. United States, 187 U. S. 1; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 1; 47
L. ed. 49.....
American Banana Co. v. United Fruit Co., 213 U. S. 347; 29 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 511; 53 L. ed. 826..
American Insurance Co. v. Canter, 1 Pet. 511; 7 L. ed. 242..102,
123, 127, 129, 144, 150
American Publishing Co. v. Fisher, 166 U. S. 464; 17 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 618; 41 L. ed. 1079. . . .
American Refrigerator Transit Co. v. Hall, 174 U. S. 70; 19 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 599; 43 L. ed. 899.
American School of Magnetic Healing v. McAnnulty, 187 U. S.
94; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 33; 47 L. ed. 90....
American Smelting Co. v. Colorado, 204 U. S. 103; 27 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 198; 51 L. ed. 393. . . . .
American Steel & Wire Co. v. Speed, 192 U. S. 500; 24 Sup. Ct.
Rep. 365; 48 L. ed. 538.
American Sugar Refining Co. v. Louisiana, 179 U. S. 89; 21 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 43; 45 L. ed. 102.
Ames v. Kansas, 111 U. S. 449; 4 Sup. Ct. Rep. 437; 28 L. ed. 482
Anderson v. Dunn, 6 Wh. 204; 5 L. ed. 242.
Anderson v. United States, 171 U. S. 604; 19 Sup. Ct. Rep. 50;
43 L. ed. 300.
Andrews v. Andrews, 188 U. S. 14; 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 237; 47 L.
ed. 366...
Anglo-American Provision Co. v. Davis Provision Co., 191
U. S. 373; 24 Sup. Ct. Rep. 92; 48 L. ed. 225. . . . .
Antoni v. Greenhow, 107 U. S. 769; 2 Sup. Ct. Rep. 91; 27 L.
ed. 468...
Appleyard v. Massachusetts, 203 U. S. 222; 27 Sup. Ct. Rep. 122; 51 L. ed. 161.
Arkansas Rate Cases, 187 Fed. 290.
Arthur v. Oakes, 63 Fed. Rep. 310..
Asbell v. Kansas, 209 U. S. 251; 28 Sup. Ct. Rep. 485; 52 L. ed. 778.....
Ashley v. Ryan, 153 U. S. 436; 14 Sup. Ct. Rep. 865; 38 L. ed. 773...
Atchison, etc., R. Co. v. Sowers, 213 U. S. 55; 29 Sup. Ct. Rep. 397; 53 L. ed. 695...
Atherton v. Atherton, 181 U. S. 155; 21 Sup. Ct. Rep. 544; 45
L. ed. 794..
Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. North Carolina Corp. Com., 206 U. S. 1; 27 Sup. Ct. Rep. 585; 51 L. ed. 933.
Atlantic C. L. R. Co. v. Riverside Mills, 219 U. S. 186; 31 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 164; 55 L. ed. 167..
Atlantic Coast Line Ry. Co. v. Wharton, 207 U. S. 328; 28 Sup.
Ct. Rep. 121; 52 L. ed. 230
Atlantic & Pacific Tel. Co. v. Philadelphia, 190 U. S. 160; 23
Sup. Ct. Rep. 817; 47 L. ed. 995...
Auffmordt v. Hedden, 137 U. S. 310; 11 Sup. Ct. Rep. 103; 34
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