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political life of his country as a veritable preliminary to a League of Nations. In this respect, too, Switzerland has an international mission that is unmistakable: "To further peace and friendship among all peoples and to prove to the world by her example that different races and people of a different tongue could, on the basis of mutual esteem, on the basis of freedom and equality, be united into one happy community."

A GERMAN LEAGUE OF NATIONS, not necessarily the same thing as the German world originally planned, is, according to Amsterdam gossip a matter of serious discussion in the German Foreign Office, in which the collaboration of prominent deputies and jurists has been permitted. Proposals, it is said, have already been drafted which in the main harmonize with the Majority Party's general program. A special commission has been proposed to study these proposals and frame a complete draft of the German version of a League of Nations.-Advocate of Peace, November, 1918. p. 312.

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LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTIONS 1

Seventeen joint or concurrent resolutions favoring the entrance of the United States into a League of Nations to enforce peace have heretofore been adopted by State Legislatures.

THE SOUTH CAROLINA CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

RESOLVED, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina: That we heartily endorse the position of Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States, in advocating that, after the close of the present war, the United States take the initiative in forming a League of Nations to guarantee the future peace of the world.

EXTRACT FROM THE TENNESSEE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED by the Senate of the State of Tennessee, the House of Representatives concurring, that the General Assembly hereby express its unqualified approval of the

1 From "What is this then that is written, etc.," issued by the League to Enforce Peace.

position of Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States, in advocating that the United States take the initiative after the close of the war in organizing a League of Nations to preserve the future peace of the world.

EXTRACT FROM THE OKLAHOMA CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED by the Senate of the State of the Senate concurring therein, that we publicly express our confidence in President Woodrow Wilson, with the action he has taken for the adoption of a world-wide Monroe Doctrine, that we endorse his support of a League of Nations to preserve the peace of the world and urge Congress to uphold his hand by the adoption of such a worthy measure.

EXTRACT FROM ILLINOIS CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

RESOLVED, that it is expedient and desirable for the United States of America, after the close of the present war, and upon such terms as may be arranged with the approval of the Senate of the United States, to join a League of Nations, the object of which shall be better to preserve order, and thus more adequately to secure from interference the rights of the citizens of the United States and of all neutrals upon the high seas.

MASSACHUSETTS CONCURRENT RESOLUTION.

(SAME RESOLUTION

BY LEGISLATURES IN NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY AND RHODE ISLAND.)

WHEREAS, the President of the United States has declared that our present and immediate task is to win the war, and

WHEREAS, he has set forth that the chief aim of the war is to secure a permanent peace guaranteed by a partnership of free nations. Therefore, be it

RESOLVED, by the General Court of Massachusetts, both Houses concurring, that the Commonwealth of Massachusetts pledges all its resources to the vigorous prosecution of the war until Prussian autocracy has been defeated; and be it further

RESOLVED, that the Commonwealth of Massachusetts favor the entrance of the United States, after the war, into a League of Nations to safeguard the peace that must be won by the joint military forces of the Allied nations; and be it further

RESOLVED, that certified copies of these resolutions be sent by the Secretary of the Commonwealth to the President and to the presiding officers of both branches of Congress and to each of the Senators and Representatives of Massachusetts.

[Similar resolutions have been adopted by the legislatures of Delaware, Maryland, Georgia, Texas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Wisconsin and Florida-Comp.]

MISCELLANEOUS RESOLUTIONS

The formation of a League of Nations to enforce peace, with the United States as a member nation thereof, has been endorsed by formal resolution by hundreds of organized bodies in the United States. Among these may be noted:

Alabama State Bar Association.

American Association of Master Mates and Pilots (Palmetto Association, No. 74).

American Insurance Union.

American Manufacturers Export Association.

Army and Navy Union Convention.

Associated Advertising Clubs of the World.

Board of Bishops of the United Brethren in Christ.
California State Rural Letter Carriers Association.
Chamber of Commerce of the United States.

Connecticut Grand Chapter, Order Eastern Star.
Connecticut State Association of Letter Carriers.

Diocesan Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
Esperanto Association of North America.

Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America.
General Synod Evangelical Lutheran Church—U. S. A.
Gideons.

Grand Aerie Fraternal Order of Eagles.

Grand Army of the Republic.

Grand Chamber Order Knights of Friendship.

Grand Council of Colorado, Improved Order of Red Men.

Grand Lodge Independent Order of St. George.

Illinois Lumber and Builders Supply Dealers Association.

International Railway Foremen's Association.

Iowa Branch Daughters of American Revolution.

Kansas State Live Stock Association.

Kentucky Pure Bred Live Stock Association.

Maine State Board of Trade.

Master House Painters and Decorators Association of Ohio.

Michigan State Association of Letter Carriers.

Military Order of Foreign Wars of the United States.

National Association of Brass Manufacturers.

National Association of Builders' Exchanges.

National Association of Merchant Tailors of America.

National Association of Postoffice Laborers.

National Association of Retail Monument Dealers.

National Economic League.

National Federation Implement and Vehicle Dealers Association.

National Reform Association.

National Retail Dry Goods Association.

Nebraska Retail Hardware Association.

Nebraska State Grange.

New Jersey Knights of the Golden Eagle.

New York Branch Daughters of American Revolution.

New York Fraternal Congress.

New York State Federation of Women's Clubs.

North Carolina Farmers State Convention.

North Dakota State Grange.

Ohio Retail Furniture Dealers Association.

Pan-American Labor Conference (at Laredo, Texas).

Past Exalted Rulers Association B. P. O. E., of Connecticut.

Pennsylvania Grand Army of the Republic.

Pennsylvania State Grange.

Rebekah Assembly of Michigan.

Retail Lumber Dealers Association of New York.

Southern Commercial Congress.

Southwestern Shoe Travelers Association.

Supreme Fraternal Order of Orioles.

Supreme Sanctuary Shepherds of America.

United Confederate Veterans.

Wisconsin Electrical Association.

Wisconsin Gas Association.

Wisconsin Retail Hardware Association.

Wisconsin State Bottlers Association.

Women's Committee Council of National Defense.

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