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support to a charging column, which became broken and demoralized. The six left companies of the 10th moved quickly forward and took their places, bravely carried the enemy's works, took 400 prisoners, and captured a stand of colors. In this daring and gallant advance fell the brave Burnett, with 30 killed and 47 wounded, including Lieut. John Knox killed and Captain H. H. Nimms mortally wounded-a heavy loss-but the regiment aided very materially, and with much distinction in the last battle of the great Atlanta campaign which secured to the Union arms one of the most important points held during the rebellion, and gave the death-blow to the rebel armies in Georgia.

The 10th, commanded by Colonel Lum, was with Sherman on his march to the sea, and at Bentonville, on the 19th and 20th of March, 1865, again added to its already enviable reputation as a fighting regiment. Moving in advance of its corps on the 18th, six companies being deployed as skir mishers, the enemy was reached about noon, and a severe skirmish ensued, when the regiment was ordered to take position at the junction of the Smithfield and Goldsboro' roads. During the night it was attacked, but succeeded in repulsing the enemy, and holding its position until relieved by the 20th corps on the 19th, when it marched rapidly forward and formed on the right of the second line of battle. About 4 P. M. the enemy moved up in heavy masses, driving in the skirmishers, and advancing to within a few rods of the first line, he discharged a terrific fire along his whole front, and immediately charged the works. The first line, in which was the 14th Michigan, replied with a well-directed and effective volley, checking the enemy's advance, and before he could recover from its effects, the 14th Michigan jumped over its works and charged, driving him in confusion from the field, and taking a large number of prisoners. The regiment, with the remainder of the brigade, then moved forward to the first line, and in a few moments, the enemy having broken through the first division, was discovered coming in on the left flank. The line was at once changed to the opposite side of the works, and after pouring a volley into the enemy's ranks, charged and drove him at the point of the bayonet in great confusion from the field, taking many prisoners, and capturing a large amount of arms. On the 20th the regiment skirmished with the enemy during the entire day and night; and thus ended its last battle for Union and freedom.

NOTE. On the 3d of January, 1863, companies A and D, while guarding a supply train on the Murfreesboro' road, were attacked by a large force of guerrillas and repulsed them, killing 15 and taking as many prisoners, without loss to themselves. On the 25th of January, a squad of men, guarding a construction train, were captured by 200 rebel cavalry. Twenty-seven men of the 10th, being on duty near, went forward on doublequick, routed the rebels, killing and wounding a large number, captured a lot of guns, horses, etc., and saved the train which had been set on fire. April 10th, a detail of 46 men, guarding a railroad train, were attacked by three or four hundred guerrillas. Overpowered by numbers, they were compelled to give up the train; but, repulsing the enemy's pursuit and falling back a short distance, they were reinforced by 15 men from a neighboring stockade, returned and saved a portion of the train, which had been set on fire. The loss in this affair was 8 killed and 12 wounded, including among the killed Lieutenant Frank M. Vanderburg.

First Lieut. and Adjutant Sylvester D. Cowles was killed while on the skirmish line at Farmington, in front of Corinth, Miss., May 26, 1862.

At Kenesaw Mountain, June 27th, the 10th infantry, was in General Davis's division (2d) of the 14th corps, a notice of which is found in the "Annual Cyclopedia, 1864," as follows: "For the second and more important attack portions of General Newton's division of the 4th corps and of General Davis's division of the 14th corps were selected. At a given signal the troops rushed forward with buoyant courage, charged up the face

of the mountain amidst a murderous fire from a powerful battery on the summit, and through two lines of abatis, carried a line of rifle-pits beyond and reached the works. The colors of several of the regiments were planted before the latter, and some of the men succeeded in mounting the ramparts, but the deaths of Generals Wagner and Harker, and the wounding of General McCook, the destructive fire of both musketry and artillery and the difficulty of deploying such long columns under such fire, rendered it necessary to recall the men. General Newton's troops returned to their original line, while General Davis's 2d brigade threw up works between those they had carried and the main line of the enemy, and there remained."

THE ELEVENTH INFANTRY.

The great and important battles of Stone River and Chicamauga will always be referred to by the 11th infantry as among the most desperate in which it was engaged during its gailant career, and in which it was most eminently distinguished, and lost heavily. Few regiments on those fields. were harder pressed or defended themselves more heroically, and the members of the regiment refer to their services on these occasions with justifiable pride. At Stone River the regiment, commanded by Col. Wm. L. Stoughton, was hotly engaged during the entire battle, being in Negley's division of Thomas's corps, which, on December 31st, held the ground near the centre of the Union lines, where it received and checked the onset of the rebel forces, which came sweeping on in column of divisions after having driven the corps of McCook from its position; and is acknowledged to have been one of the fiercest assaults of the day, and in which the enemy was dreadfully punished. The 11th Michigan, with the 19th Illinois, charged in advance, and drove back an entire rebel division; and, after the retrogade movement of their own division, these regiments made another dash to the front, driving the enemy. In the engagement the 11th lost 32 killed, 79 wounded, and 29 missing. The noble stand taken by Negley's division, and its persistent fighting on that day, undoubtedly aided much in preventing a most disastrous result.

Colonel Stoughton in his official report of the part taken by his regiment in the engagement, says:

"On the morning of the 31st of December heavy firing was heard to our right and front, and apparently rapidly approaching the position occupied by the 2d brigade. The regiment was immediately formed and marched to the brow of the hill, near brigade headquarters. The skirmishing soon after indicated the approach of the enemy to the right of this position, and my regiment was formed in line of battle, under cover of a ledge of rocks, about one hundred yards in this direction. The skirmishing continued with much spirit for nearly an hour, when a heavy roar of musketry and artillery announced that the principal attack of the enemy was being made on our left and rear. I immediately gave orders to change front on first company, which was promptly executed under a heavy fire, and the regi ment advanced in line of battle to the crest of the hill, from which Shoult's battery had just been driven, and poured a well directed and effective fire into the advancing columns of the enemy. The firing continued with spirit and energy until orders came to retire. The fire of the enemy was apparently concentrated upon this point, and was terrific. Men and officers fell on every side. The regiment fell back about eighty yards, was again formed, and delivered its fire upon the enemy as he advanced over the hill, and then retired to the cover of the cedar woods in our rear. Here some confusion was at first manifested. A large number of regiments had fallen back to this place for shelter, and the enemy's infantry and artillery

opened upon us from all sides, except to the left, towards the Murfreesboro pike. Order, however, was promptly restored by our division and brigade commanders, and my regiment, with others, moved slowly to the rear, keeping up a steady fire upon the enemy. When nearer the cleared field to the right of the Murfreesboro pike, the regiment was rallied, and held the ground for twenty or thirty minutes; it was then marched about half way across the open field, when orders came to charge back into the cedars. My regiment promptly obeyed my orders, rallied on the colors, and charged back into the woods with great gallantry, checking the enemy by the sudden and impetuous attack. After delivering one volley, orders came to retire, and the regiment fell back in good order to the left of the Murfreesboro pike. Here closed the active operations of the day.

"On the 2d of January we were again called into action. In the afternoon of that day we were posted as a reserve, in an open field in the rear of our batteries on the right of the left wing of our army. Between 3 and 4 o'clock the enemy made a heavy attack with artillery and infantry on our front. My command was kept lying upon the ground, protected by a slight hill, for about half an hour. At the expiration of this time the enemy had driven back our forces on the opposite side of the river, one regiment crossing in great disorder, and rushing through our ranks. As soon as the enemy came within range, my regiment with the others of this brigade, rose up, delivered its fire, and charged across the river. In passing the river my line of battle was necessarily broken, and I led the regiment forward to a fence on a rise of ground, and reformed the line. Here the firing continued for some time until the enemy was driven from his cover and retreated through the woods. My regiment was then promptly advanced to the edge of the woods, and continued to fire upon the enemy as he fled in disorder across the open field in front to his line of entrenchments. At this time the ammunition was nearly exhausted, and my regiment, with the others in advance, formed in line of battle, threw out skirmishers, and held our position until recalled across the river. The 11th was among the first that crossed Stone river and assisted in capturing four pieces of artillery, abandoned by the enemy in his flight. I cannot speak too highly of the conduct of the troops under my command. They fought with the bravery and coolness of veterans, and obeyed my commands, under the hottest fire, with the precision of the parade ground. The officers of my command behaved with great gallantry and firmness. Where all nobly discharged their duty, it would, perhaps, be unjust to discriminate. Lieutenants Wilson and Flynn were killed while gallantly leading their companies. Major Smith and Lieutenants Hall, Briggs, and Howard were wounded, the two former severely, and Lieutenant Hall is a prisoner."

At Chicamauga the regiment, in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Melvin Mudge, was then in the brigade of Colonel Stoughton, being the 2d brigade, 2d division, 14th corps. This brigade constituted part of the command of General Thomas, and on the last day of that sanguinary conflict held one of the most important points on his line of defence against a largely superior force, the regiment fighting most persistently, successfully repelling charge after charge of the enemy, losing seven killed, (including Captain Charles W. Newbern,) seventy-six wounded, and twenty-three missing, and was one of the last regiments to retire from the field in the darkness of that fearful night, when the army fell back. Next morning Colonel Stoughton took up a position in front of Rossville, covering the approach to the battle-field, and held it during that day, and in the night

fell back on Chattanooga, covering the rear of the retiring army. In the movement Colonel Stoughton drew off his artillery by hand, to escape the notice of the enemy. He remained on his picket line until past 4 A. M., when, hearing the enemy stirring, he successfully withdrew his pickets and made a forced march to Chattanooga without the loss of a man, thus most successfully accomplishing a very dangerous and important duty, for which he was afterwards complimented personally by General Thomas. After the battle of Mission Ridge, in November, 1863, where the regiment, under command of Major Benjamin G. Bennett, participated in the decisive charge, losing its gallant commander and thirty-nine in killed and wounded, the regiment, being in the 2d brigade, 1st division, 14th corps, moved forward on the Atlanta campaign, partaking creditably in all the important battles. On July 4th following, it took a part in the successful charge on the enemy's works near Marietta, losing thirteen in killed and wounded, including among the severely wounded Colonel Stoughton, who lost a leg. It was engaged at Peach Tree Creek, on the 20th of that month, with a loss of eleven killed and wounded, and on the 7th of August it was in the charge on the enemy's works in front of Atlanta, losing Lieutenant Edward Catlin and fifteen men killed and wounded.

The period for which the regiment enlisted having expired, it was ordered to Chattanooga on the 27th of August. The rebel General Wheeler being then engaged in making a raid into Tennessee, the regiment, immediately after its arrival at Chattanooga, on the 30th, was ordered to join the column in pursuit, and marched to Murfreesboro, and thence to Huntsville, Ala., but without meeting the enemy. It returned to Chattanooga on the 13th of September. Leaving here two commissioned officers and one hundred and fifty men-veterans and recruits whose term had not expired the regiment started for Michigan on the 18th, arriving at Sturgis on the 25th. On the 30th of September it was mustered out of service.

THE TWELFTH INFANTRY.

The bloody battle of Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, 1862, first tried the metal of the 12th infantry, and substantially established its reputation as a fighting regiment. Leaving the State, in command of Col. Francis Quinn, on March 18th, it hurriedly reached Pittsburg Landing barely in time to participate in that important engagement. A portion of the regiment was among the troops that first discovered and engaged the enemy in his advance upon the Union lines, and this timely discovery and their persistent opposition to his advance, without doubt, saved their division from entire capture, and must have done much towards saving the whole army from a complete surprise. The 12th was in Col. Peabody's brigade of Prentiss' division, which occupied the position just attacked by the rebel forces. During the night preceding the battle of the 6th, Col. Peabody had been advised by Lieut. Col. Graves, of the 12th Michigan, of the approach of the enemy, and on this information he took the responsibility to order from his brigade two companies of the 12th Michigan, commanded respectively by Captains Graves and Cravath, and two companies of the 25th Missouri as a reconnoissance, the whole under command of Major Powell, 25th Missouri, who, about 3 o'clock on the morning of the 6th, met the advance troops of the enemy and fought them until daylight, gradually falling back until he reached the 12th Michigan and 25th Missouri, which had advanced some distance in front of their color line. These two regiments fought the

enemy until overpowered, when they fell back to their color line, reformed again, and defended their line until again overpowered, when they retired to a third position, which was held until the division was completely surrounded and a large portion of it made prisoners. The 12th escaped capture, maintaining its organization, and next day engaged the enemy, losing in both days 266 killed, wounded, and missing, including among the mortally wounded Lieutenant Alex. G. Davis, who died at Cincinnati on the 21st of April following.

It also participated in the affair at Iuka September 19th, and in the battle at Metamora October 5th.

The regiment, in December following, was guarding the Mississippi railroad from Hickory Valley to near Bolivar, Tennessee, with its headquarters at Middleburg. On the 24th of that month the force at Middleburg, consisting of one hundred and fifteen officers and men, in command of Colonel W. H. Graves, were attacked by a large force of Van Dorn's cavalry, consisting of three brigades, in all about three thousand strong, by which they were surrounded and their surrender demanded. About 10 o'clock on the morning of the day of the attack Lieut. Col. Dwight May, of the regiment, left Middleburg for Bolivar, distant some seven miles, and when about two miles from Middleburg he saw horsemen approaching; as he neared them he observed that they wore the blue overcoat of our army, but noticing the peculiar gait of their horses and their suspicious movements, he halted and was adjusting his field glass to scrutinize them more closely, when the advance guard fired at him and put their horses to their utmost speed towards him; they were then only about twenty rods off. He immediately wheeled his horse and started for camp, they in pursuit, discharging their arms at him during the chase, but having the better horse he succeeded in reaching the camp of his regiment and instantly reported the circumstances to Col. Graves, who in his report states:

"The advance of Gen. Van Dorn's command soon made its appearance, and a flag of truce was sent in by a lieutenant colonel of staff, which I met. The officer asked who is in command; I answered 'I am;' whereupon he surveyed me from head to foot (I had been playing ball that morning, pants in boots, having on a jacket without straps) with a disdainful air and said: 'Gen. Van Dorn demands a surrender of you and the whole damned thing immediately; we don't want to bother with you.' It was my intention to have asked if he had artillery, but his important demeanor did not set well as may be imagined, and I upon the spur of the moment replied, give my compliments to the general and say to him, I have no doubt he can whip us, but while he is getting a meal we will try and get a mouthful; he then remarked, 'that is what you say, is it?' To which I made answer, that is what I say, is it; and he wheeled, put spurs to his horse, and I doublequicked to my command, which was located in a depot platform, with planks doubled and port-holes cut, and a block or rather log-house having portholes. The enemy advanced until I fired a musket, (which was the signal when my men were to fire,) when the enemy broke up in confusion and sought log buildings and ditches, where they fought us for two hours and twenty-five minutes, and finally left us monarchs of all we surveyed,' in

one sense.

"The whole force of Gen. Van Dorn was between five and six thousand, about one-half of which fought us, the balance holding the horses. They lost (as near as I can recollect) 135 killed, wounded, and prisoners, among the latter three officers wounded, one mortally. There were six of my men wounded through the port-holes, one killed, and thirteen taken prisoners,

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