the 16th, it lay in front of that city until the 21st, when the enemy evacuated the place. At that point the regiment remained until January 20th following, when it moved forward with the army, on the march through the Carolinas, reaching Sister's Ferry on the 28th, where it remained ten days, assisting in repairing the roads on the opposite side of the Savannah river, which had become impassable. Having crossed the river on the evening of February 6th, the march through South Carolina was commenced on the 8th. Moving on what is called the Augusta road, and proceeding onward, crossed the Salkehatchie, South and North Edisto, Broad, Catawba, and Big Pedee rivers, arriving at Fayetteville, N. C., March 10th, the regiment having lost on the march down to that time twenty-two men, captured while foraging. Reaching Cape Fear river, it crossed on the 12th, the enemy's rear-guard picketing along a small stream, about one mile distant, over which there was a high bridge, the plank of which had been removed by the enemy. On approaching that point it was found to be held on the opposite side by two regiments of cavalry. The 14th Michigan was ordered to push forward and drive the enemy from his position, and establish his line one mile in advance. The night being very dark, the men were obliged to cross in single file on the timbers. They pushed across very rapidly, however, and engaged the enemy, driving him over two miles, capturing his camp and a large quantity of forage, killing one and taking two pris oners. The regiment established its line, and remained there until the 14th, when it was relieved by the advance of the 1st division. On the morning of the 15th the march was resumed. Skirmishing with the enemy was kept up the entire day, and until 10 o'clock next morning, when he made a decided stand near Averysboro, and a severe battle ensued. The 1st brigade, 2d division, of which the 14th Michigan formed a part, was ordered immediately to the front, and placed on the extreme left of the line, having to cross a deep and wide ravine in getting into position. The brigade was formed in two lines, the 17th New York and 14th Michigan composing the first line, and the 10th Michigan and 60th Illinois the second. The first, advancing under a severe fire, gallantly carried the first line of the enemy's works, taking a number of prisoners, but the enemy, becoming heavily reinforced, and after repeated attempts to carry the position, strongly sup ported by the second line, the men behaving exceedingly well, it was found impossible to dislodge him, the brigade holding its position until next morning, when the enemy abandoned his work, the regiment losing in the engagement twenty-two killed and wounded, including two officers wounded. At Bentonville on the 19th and 20th of March, 1865, the regiment, then in command of Lieut. Col. George W. Grummond, was fiercely assaulted in hurriedly constructed works by a largely superior force, which it successfully repulsed, and then most gallantly charging over its own works captured most of the assaulting party; and soon afterwards, on ascertaining that a flanking force of the rebels had taken possession of the works the regiment had but just left, it was instantly faced by the rear rank, charged, and retook the works at the point of the bayonet. During these charges the regiment took 19 officers and 390 enlisted men prisoners, together with the colors of the 54th Virginia and 65th North Carolina regiments. The loss of the 14th in this engagement was 23 in killed and wounded and 4 in prisoners.

The successes of the 14th on these occasions were among the most glorious in the Sherman campaigns, illustrating most forcibly the heroism of the regiment and placing it squarely up to the high standard of Michigan troops.

THE FIFTEENTH INFANTRY.

The 15th, in command of Col. J. M. Oliver, by whom it was organized, first met the rebels at Shiloh on the 6th and 7th of April, 1862. Arriving there only the day before the battle, it next morning became hotly engaged, and was thus early initiated into the sad realities of war, and at a great sacrifice, losing in the engagements of both days two officers and thirty-one men killed and one officer and sixty-three privates wounded and seven missing. Capt. George A. Strong and Lieut. Malvin W. Dresser, two officers of much merit, being among the killed of the 6th. After the affair at Shiloh the regiment composed a part of the force under Gen. Halleck which compelled the rebels to abandon Corinth. The 15th was in General Rosecrans' army when his position at Corinth was assaulted by the rebel forces under Price in October, 1862. At that time the regiment, under command of Lieut. Col. McDermott, held the outpost of that army at Chewalla, on the Memphis and Charleston railroad, and about ten miles from Corinth, where it met and checked the advance of Price, and most signally made its mark as a most reliable and brave regiment. On the morning of the 1st of October the pickets of the 15th were driven in, the regiment holding the ene my in check during the day; in the evening was reinforced by the 14th Wisconsin and a section of a 12-pounder battery, the whole force in command of Colonel J. M. Oliver, of the 15th Michigan. The command fought during the 2d and 3d against overwhelming numbers, contesting every inch of ground, but falling back gradually upon Corinth, several times being completely flanked and obliged to retire on the double-quick, with the enemy on both flanks. It is claimed that the admirable disposition made by Col. Oliver of his force and the steadiness and gallantry of the men engaged delayed an army of 40,000 (or thereabout) at least twenty-four hours in making their main and final attack upon Corinth, thus enabling General Rosecrans to make the disposition of his forces which most successfully secured the repulse of the enemy and compelled him to make a most disas

trous retreat.

November 2d, 1862, the 15th was ordered with its division to move from Corinth, where it had been stationed, to Wolf Creek. From that point the regiment proceeded to Grand Junction November 19th, to serve as garrison and provost guard. It was also employed while at Grand Junction in guarding the Memphis and Charleston railroad and in scouting after guerillas. The regiment remained at Grand Junction and at La Grange until June 5th, 1863, when it was ordered to Vicksburg, Miss., with the Ist division, 16th corps, to which it had been attached since January 1st. Arriv ing at the mouth of the Yazoo, June 11th, the 15th proceeded up the river and disembarked at Hayne's Bluff. Having been attached temporarily to the 9th corps, it participated with it in the advance on Jackson on the 4th of July. The Big Black river was crossed on the 6th (this regiment leading) on rafts and by swimming, and until the arrival of the national forces before Jackson the regiment was engaged in skirmishing with the rebels. It participated in the movements of the 9th corps until the enemy were driven across the Pearl river on the 17th. On the 23d it began its march back to the Big Black. It was here attached to the 2d brigade, 4th division, 15th army corps. The 15th corps having been ordered to reinforce the Army of the Cumberland, the regiment arrived at Memphis, Tenn., October 8th, and at Corinth, Miss., on the 17th. On the following day it proceeded to Iuka, where it remained until October 25th, and on the 1st of November it arrived at Florence, Ala.

On the 4th of May, 1864, the 15th arrived at Chattanooga from Michigan, where it had been on veteran furlough. Being encamped at Rossville, near that point, it moved to participate in the Georgia campaign, taking part in the engagements that occurred during the movement on Resaca. On the 17th the command marched to Dallas via Adairsville. Entrenching it remained in its works, with occasional skirmishing, until the 1st of June, when it moved to near New Hope Church, and on the 5th to Ackworth. On the 10th the regiment marched to Big Shanty, and on the 15th moved to the right of the line, and with its brigade supported a force which attacked and drove the enemy from their works. Marching on the 19th, command moved to the right of the railroad facing Kenesaw Mountain, where it remained un il the 25th. Moving to Marietta on the 3d of July, the regiment marched thence on the 4th, and on the 8th arrived at Nickajack creek and entrenched in view of the enemy's works. Marching via Marietta to Rossville, the regiment crossed to the south side of the Chattahoochie river on the 14th. On the 17th it moved to Cross Keys, and on the 18th marched toward Decatur, going into line of battle, though not becoming engaged. On the 20th it moved forward via Decatur several miles, and on that and the following day engaged in skirmishing with the enemy.

On the 21st the regiment, in command of Lieut. Col. F. S. Hutchinson, became eminently distinguished, rendering most gallant and valuable service. Early on the morning of that day the rebels attacked in flank and rear the 17th corps, which was on the left of the 15th corps, driving it back with much loss. About 1 o'clock the 15th Michigan was ordered to fill a gap on the extreme left of its corps, about one mile distant from the position it then occupied. The regiment moved on the double-quick, and upon coming into line near the position indicated found it in possession of the enemy; it, however, moved gallantly forward in line, striking the enemy upon the flank, driving him from his position, taking 17 officers and 167 nien as prisoners and capturing the colors of the 5th Confederate infantry, and also the colors of the 17th and 18th Texas, (consolidated,) and suffering a loss of four killed and six wounded. This was the advance of two rebel divisions which were massed in a wood but a short distance in the rear. The promptitude with which the movement was executed by the 15th deterred the remainder of the rebel force from making a forward movement, and thus prevented the enemy from breaking our lines, and probably averted disaster from that part of the field.

On the 27th following the regiment proceeded to the extreme right of the army. While advancing in line on the 28th the enemy attacked and were driven off with heavy loss, their dead and wounded being left on the field. The casualties in the regiment during the action were 38 wounded.

During the remainder of the month and until the 26th of August the regiment was engaged in the trenches before Atlanta, skirmishing almost daily with the rebel troops. On the 28th it moved on the Atlanta and Montgomery railroad, which, on the following day, it assisted in destroying. On the 30th the regiment marched to the east side of Flint river, near Jonesboro', and entrenched. An assault made by the enemy on the 31st was repelled with heavy loss. On the 1st of September the skirmishers advanced and captured a number of prisoners at Jonesboro'. Moved forward to Lovejoy's Station on the 2d, the regiment entrenched and there remained until the 5th, having continued skirmishing with the enemy. On the 6th the command withdrew to Jonesboro'. On the 8th it proceeded to East Point, where it remained during the month. Leaving East Point on the 4th of October the regiment marched, via Marietta, Altoona, Kingston, Rome,

W*

Calhoun, Resaca, Snake Creek Gap, Lafayette, Summersville, and Galesville, in Georgia, and Little River, King's Hill, Cedar Bluff, and Çave Springs, in Alabama, and participated in the skirmishes and engagements that occurred during the pursuit of the rebel army under Hood in Northern Georgia and Alabama, the regiment marching during this month two hundred miles.

On November 1st, 1864, it left Cave Springs, Ala., in the 3d brigade, 2d division, 15th corps, moving via Marietta and Powder Springs, Georgia, to Atlanta, and soon after commenced the march with Gen. Sherman's army to Savannah and thence to Washington, having been engaged with the enemy at various points on that remarkable march.

Captain Charles H. Barnaby was killed in action before Atlanta August 13, 1865.

THE SIXTEENTH INFANTRY.

The 16th was raised and organized during the summer of 1861 by Col. T. B. W. Stockton, and for sometime was known as "Stockton's Independent Regiment," afterwards as the 16th Michigan infantry, which accounts for its having so high a numerical designation. This regiment commenced its battles with the siege of Yorktown in April, 1862, and ended them at Appomattox Court-house in April, 1865, having passed through the various campaigns of the Army of the Potomac with much credit and a glorious celebrity, serving during the whole war in the 3d brigade, 1st division, 5th corps.

Among its various battles none perhaps appear more prominent in its history than Gaines' Mill and Peeble's Farm. In the former engagement, on the 27th of June, 1862, the 3d brigade was commanded by Col. Stockton, and in the early part of the day the 16th lay in reserve, and was held in that position under a heavy fire from the enemy's works on the Richmond side of the Chicahominy, and the rebel lines in front and left, until about 2 P. M., when the rebels made a desperate advance in several columns deep upon the Federal lines. The 16th was ordered to the front to assist in repelling the attack, and went in gallantly on the double-quick under a very destructive fire from the rebel batteries, driving the enemy in its front back to his former position. The regiment then formed in the brigade line on the extreme left of the corps, holding the position under constant fighting until about 5 P. M., losing heavily. About this time the enemy massed on their right and opposite the front of the brigade, and threw column after column in, causing the troops on the right to break, whereupon the 16th was ordered to fall back to the river; but not thinking of "retreat," faced about and stood its ground until overwhelmed by numbers and compelled to retreat to the river. Here the gallant Major Ñ. E. Welch, in command of the regiment, and his brave officers rallied their men, and with strag glers from other regiments, numbering in all about 1,000, again charged over dead and dying comrades, until their line met "Jackson's corps," and where, within short range, the rebels opened upon the whole line with fearful effect, mowing the men down like grass, compelling the brigade to fall back, the 16th losing three officers and forty-six men killed, six officers and one hundred and ten enlisted men wounded, and two officers and fifty-three enlisted men missing. Among the killed were Captain Thomas Č. Carr and Lieutenants Byron McGraw and Richard Williams, officers of much promise and courage. The few that were left succeeded in reaching the opposite side of the Chicahominy, leaving Col. Stockton, who from exhaus

tion and the loss of his horse, which had been shot under him, and Captains Mott and Fisher, together with Surgeon Wixom, prisoners in the hands of

the enemy:

The regiment was engaged at Malvern Hill July 1st, with a loss of fortytwo in killed, wounded, and missing. In August following it joined Pope's army at Fredericksburg, and fought at Bull Run on the 30th of that month, sustaining a loss of three officers and thirteen men killed, four officers and fifty-nine men wounded, with seventeen missing. Captain R. W. Ransom, Lieutenants Michael Chittick and John Ruby were the officers killed.

Leaving Harper's Ferry on the 1st of November, 1862, this regiment arrived at Falmouth on the 23d. Crossing the Rappahannock on the 12th of December, it participated with the Army of the Potomac in the battle of Fredericksburg, losing three killed, twenty wounded, and eight missing. The regiment crossed the Rappahannock and the Rapidan, and from the 2d to the 5th of May, 1863, was engaged at the battle of Chancellorsville, with a loss of one killed and six wounded. Marching with the army in June, on the 21st it was engaged in the battle of Middleburg, commanded by Col. N. E. Welch, capturing from the enemy a piece of artillery and nineteen officers and men, with a loss on the part of the regiment of nine wounded, including Captain Judd M. Mott (mortally) who died June 28th following.

The 16th, by a series of forced marches, arrived at Gettysburg, Penn., on the 1st of July, and on the 2d, 3d, and 4th, it participated in the battles of that place, sustaining a loss of three officers and twenty-one men killed, two officers and thirty-four men wounded, and two men missing. Lieuts. Brown, Jewett, and Borden were among the killed. July 5th, the regiment engaged in the pursuit of the enemy, arriving at Williamsport, Md., on the 11th. It crossed the Potomac at Berlin on the 17th, and on the 23d was at the battle of Wapping Heights, though not actually engaged. Participating in the movements of the army in October, on the 10th it crossed the Rappahannock, recrossed on the 11th, and as skirmishers advanced to Brandy Heights, but did not become engaged. Falling back with the army, on the 23d it marched to Auburn.

In November the regiment was encamped on the Orange and Alexandria railroad, and on the 7th again moved forward with the army, and during the movement to the Rappahannock it participated in the capture of the enemy's works on the left bank of that stream, losing three in wounded. On the 26th it was in the advance on Mine Run.

Engaging in the campaign of 1864, on the 4th of May the regiment crossed the Rapidan at Germania Ford, in command of Major R. T. Elliott. On the 5th it was detailed to guard the wagon train at Wyckoff Ford. On the 6th and 7th the regiment participated in the battle of the Wilderness, without loss on the 6th, but on the second day losing thirty-five in killed and wounded. On the morning of the 8th the regiment proceeded by a forced march to Spottsylvania Court-house. During the evening of the 8th, while attempting to pass an almost impassable swamp, a portion of the regiment was attacked, the enemy making an attempt to capture that portion engaged, but the rebels were thrown into confusion by its fire, during which a charge was made and a rebel colonel and a large number of men were taken prisoners. The loss to the regiment was small, and was mainly in prisoners, who were subsequently recaptured by our cavalry. The regiment remained in the neighborhood of the Spottsylvania Courthouse until the 21st, when it moved with its corps toward the North Anna river. On the morning of the 22d, while acting as advance guard for its