Gregory Naglee, Janitor; salary $400. Although some changes have taken place in this list it is given in full for future reference. The whole number of professors in 1869 was thirty-six and the students in attendance during that year numbered twelve hundred and twenty-three, of whom 418 were in the department of science, literature, and arts; 418 in the department of medicine and surgery, and 387 in the department of law. The total number of graduates was three hundred and five, a larger number than were ever before graduated; of whom eighty were doctors of medicine, one hundred and fifty-two bachelors of law, and seventeen mining and civil engineers. The receipts from various sources for the year amounted to about seventy-seven thousand dollars, the whole of which was expended. The University, in view of its vital and intimate connection with the general school system of the State, has aimed to lay a foundation sufficiently broad to satisfy all just demands. It has laid out the work of the department of science, literature, and arts in six parallel courses of study, not taking any other American or foreign college for its model, but endeavoring to meet the exact and just demands of the school system of the State. By an act of the Legislature, passed in 1855, it was provided that there shall always be at least one professor of homœopathy in the University, and yet the board of regents from that time to 1868, notwithstanding the numerous changes in its membership, had never appointed a professor with that title. In 1867 the Legislature granted further aid to the University on condition that the law should be executed; and with this law before them the regents determined to appoint such a professor, but made it incumbent upon him to lecture in some place outside of Ann Arbor. It was thought this would be a compliance with the law, and prevent any unhappy conflicts in the regular medical school. The Supreme Court of the State decided against this action, and so the gift of the Legislature was not available. At this point of the controversy the President of the University, E. O. Haven, discussed the question at issue in a calm and judicious manner, taking the ground that no partisan professorships of any kind or name should be established, and, after making an earnest appeal to the Legislature to reverse their action, concluded by saying that the Regents ought to respect the will of the people, and must in the end accept the aid tendered by the State on the conditions insisted upon. Another subject of vital interest to the cause of education, which has created a diversity of opinion in Michigan, is the admission of women to the University. In 1867 the Legislature adopted a resolution to the effect that the high objects for which the University was organized will never be fully attained until women are admitted to all its rights and privileges. The President then in office noticed this subject in his annual report, and set forth his objections to the demand made, and recommended that no change at that time should be made in the policy of the University; but the President subsequently gave it as his opinion that the best method for Michigan would be to make provision for the instruction of women at the University on the same conditions as men. He came to this conclusion slowly. "A few objections," he argued, "have sometimes seemed to me strong, but the most of what is urged against it is fanciful and partakes of the nature of the thoughtless opposition made to what is new. The standard of educa tion would not be changed. The habits of study would not be affected. The honor of the University would rather be increased than diminished. It does not injure the young men of the Sorbonne in Paris that ladies also can listen to the lectures. The demand that women would enjoy the same advantages as men grows out of Christian civilization, and if difficulties arise we must not shrink from them, but overcome them. Responsibility makes strength." But, notwithstanding the President's argument and the existing law, the question is still in abeyance. With regard to the museum attached to the University, all are agreed in pronouncing it interesting and valuable. The natural history collection embraces six thousand European minerals, purchased of the late Baron Ledever; a large collection of minerals from Lake Superior, the fruit of geological surveys and expeditions, and of the liberality of Professors Houghton and Winchell; also a very large zoological collection, consisting of birds which visit Michigan, with most of the mammals of the State; nearly a complete series of the reptiles found east of the Rocky Mountains; two thousand species of molusca, embracing all the land and fresh-water forms of the Northern and Western States; a considerable collection of fishes and radiata; the Winchell collection of land and fresh-water shells, from all parts of the State and from Jamaica; two thousand specimens of insects; the Trowbridge collection of animals from the Pacific coast; and more than two thousand species illustrative of the flora of the State. To all of which collections important additions are annually made. That part of the museum connected with the medical department has been selected and prepared with direct reference to teaching. Besides containing a number of adult skeletons, articulated and separate, of the most perfect description, there are preparations illustrating the various stages of development and change, from the first rudiments of foetal life to extreme old age; and a variety of partial or complete skeletons of inferior animals, to exhibit the various modifications. It contains, likewise, beautifully prepared skulls and teeth, to illustrate first and second dentition, and others showing many of the diseases to which they are subject. Various arterial preparations, complete and partial, afford good facilities for studying the vascular system. Several hundred alcoholic preparations of healthy and diseased structures-human and comparative-furnish important aid in illustrating physiology and pathology; while models in plaster and papiermache, with a valuable collection of plates, splints, and surgical instruments, meet the wants of the more practical branches. An important addition to these means of illustration has recently been made by an importation from Europe, of great beauty and value; among which are a collection of bones of the head, disarticulated and mounted, and an extended collection of wax models, illustrative of various anatomical and pathological conditions, including representations of the anatomy of the pelvis and its contents, of several varieties of hernia, of specimens of small-pox and the vaccine disease, and of a large number of cases in ophthalmic surgery, etc. The department of the museum illustrative of materia medica consists of a very complete suite of crude organic medicinal substances, embracing between five and six hundred specimens imported from Paris, put up in beautiful glass-covered half-gallon jars of uniform appearance, finely displayed, arranged according to their order in natural history, and labeled in both French and English; besides about one thousand other specimens of simple mineral and vegetable substances and pharmaceutical and officinal preparations, active principles, etc., arranged in groups convenient for study; and altogether comprising a collection which, in amount, variety, and adaptness to the purposes of instruction, it is confidently believed is not equaled by any of a similar character even in the older institutions in this country. Besides these actual specimens, medical botany is illustrated by between one and two hundred large and finely-colored plates, framed and glazed, and displayed for observation. A full suite of instruments used in diseases of females is deposited in the museum, illustrating the surgical processes required in this class of cases; and the magnificent portraits of cutaneous diseases, by Dr. Erasmus Wilson, and the no less useful collection by Dr. Robert Willis, illustrate very fully this department of Pathology. The collection in that part of the museum devoted to the fine arts and history was commenced in the year 1855 by Professor Frieze, and at present comprises-1. A gallery of casts, in full size and in reduction, of the most valuable ancient statues and busts. These were mainly executed at the imperial modeling establishment of the Louvre, by Desachy, of Paris, and by the brothers Micheli, of Berlin. 2. A gallery of more than two hundred reductions and models, in terra cotta, and other materials. These represent the principal statues, portrait busts, vases, and other antiquities in the Museo Borbonico, and other European museums. They were executed at Naples. 3. A gallery of engravings and photographic views, executed in Italy and Greece, illustrating especially the architectural and sculptural remains of ancient Rome, Pompeii, Paestum, Athens, and Corinth. 4. The Horace White collection of historical medallions, comprising, first, four hundred and fifty casts from antique gems in the Royal Museum at Berlin, illustrative of ancient history; second, over five hundred casts illustrative of medieval history and of the Renaissance period; third, about four hundred medallion portraits of leading personages in modern history. These portraits were derived from authentic sources, and reduced with fidelity, and the whole were cast by Eichler, of Berlin. Not included with the above are several busts and reliefs, copied from Thorwaldsen, Canova, Powers, and others, and also a copy of the Laocoon, presented by the class of 1859. From the foregoing particulars it will be seen that the University meets the wants of the people in all the higher degrees of education. Having been endowed by the General Government, it now affords education almost without money and without price. There is no young man so poor that industry, diligence, and perseverance will not enable him to obtain an education. While the sons of the rich are educated here, a considerable number of those who are not rich are enjoying the same advantages. Many young men, accustomed to work on the farm, or in the shop of the mechanic, have been smitten with the love of knowledge, and are manfully working their way through a liberal education, by appropriating a part of their time to the field or the workshop; and thus it is that the institution is proving itself a blessing to the people at large. The expenditures in its behalf for 1869 have already been stated. We may also add that there is connected with this University a well-conducted observatory; and that in 1868, during the months of July, August, September, and October, Professor James C. Watson discovered six new asteriods, which is the largest number ever discovered by one man in the same period of time. Besides its noble University, it is to the credit of Michigan that she is the supporting mother by her influence of not less than seven or eight distinct colleges, as well as a Normal school, a Reform school, and her Common schools, which we will now proceed to describe: The first to be mentioned is Adrian College, located in the town whose name it bears. It was incorporated March 23, 1859, and its first term for instruction commenced December 1, 1859. It was formerly under the immediate patronage and direction of the Wesleyan Methodist denomination, but was transferred to the Methodist Church in 1867, and is based upon a liberal policy, and embraces in its board of trustees, which is selfperpetuating, and in its faculty, members chosen for their educational interest and power, from other religious denominations. Its departments of instruction are open to both sexes, and include thorough classical and scientific courses, to which there is joined instruction in commercial studies and the arts of teaching, painting, and music. Its buildings, numbering four, three stories high, are all handsome and spacious, and have been erected and furnished at a cost of not less than two hundred thousand dollars. It also has an endowment fund of one hundred thousand dollars; and it is the only college formally recognized by the General Conference of the Methodist Church in the United States. Its faculty in 1868 was as follows: Rev. A. Mahan, D.D., President, and Professor of Mental and Moral Science. Rev. G. B. McElroy, A.M., Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy. Rev. I. W. McKeever, A.M., Professor of Natural Philosophy and Natral History. A. H. Lowrie, A.M., Professor of History and Political Economy, and Principal of the Preparatory Department. I. W. Cassell, A.B., Professor of the Latin and Greek Languages. Miss Ada A. Alvord, A.B., Principal of the Ladies' Department. Miss Alice Van Slyke, Teacher of Painting. Augustus F. Bruske, Teacher of German. In the village of Albion is located another college belonging to the Methodist Episcopal denomination. In 1835 this institute was located at Spring Arbor, under the name of the Wesleyan Seminary; but in April, 1839, it was removed to Albion, and in the following year a collegiate de partment was added for women, with the power of conferring degrees upon such persons pursuing a scientific and classical course of instruction. In 1860 the institution was incorporated, with full college powers, and adopted a higher grade of studies. The institution is under the patronage of the Michigan and Detroit Annual Conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They elect the board of trustees. The officers of the Board are: James W. Sheldon, Esq., Albion, President; Rev. William H. Brockway, Albion, First Vice President; S. W. Walker, Esq., Detroit, Second Vice President; George B. Joycelyn, Albion, Secretary; Rev. A. M. Fitch, Albion, Treasurer; and Rev. M. A. Dougherty, Financial Agent. The board of instruction is as follows: George B. Joycelyn, President, and Professor of Mental and Moral Science. Rev. W. H. Perrine, A.M., Professor of Natural Science and Fine Arts. William H. Shelley, A.M., Professor of Latin Language and Litera ture. Rev. John McEldowney, A.M., D.D., Professor of Greek Language and Literature. Miss Rachel Carney, M.S., Preceptress, and Professor of Modern Languages. Miss Sallie A. Rullison, B.S., Professor of Mathematics. Miss Kate A. Joycelyn, Teacher of Instrumental Music. G Fay C. Pierson and William Harper, Assistant Teachers in Preparatory Department. Mrs. Maria H. Cushman, Stewardess. The endowment fund amounts to ninety thousand dollars; the number of pupils for 1868 was three hundred and fifty; but the buildings, which are handsome, will accommodate five hundred pupils. The next institution that we notice is Kalamazoo College. It embraces several departments, each, to a considerable extent, distinct from the others, and is, properly speaking, a university. It embraces a college proper, designed to furnish instruction to young men in a four years' course of study similar to that adopted in the best institutions of other States. It also embraces a female department, with a four years' course, including all the higher branches usually taught in colleges of this class. Also a preparatory department, open to the youth of both sexes who wish to fit themselves for a college course, or to pursue English or classical studies to only a limited extent. A commercial department, with a thorough, practical, and comprehensive course of study, designed to fit the student for any situation of commercial or business life. Lastly, there is a normal department where students are instructed by the regular college professors and teachers provided for that purpose, in the theory and practice of the profession. This college was chartered in 1833, and is consequently the oldest literary institution in the State. The first building erected was burned in 1844. The present main building-male department-situated on "Mt. Carmel," in the western part of the village, was erected in 1848, and is 104 by 46 feet, and four stories high. The Ladies' College, a beautiful architectural structure, situated on South street, was erected in 1858, and is truly an ornament to the State. The location of the Kalamazoo College leaves nothing to be desired, it being in one of the healthiest and most beautiful situations in the country. The members of the faculty in 1868 were as follows: Kendall Brooks, D.D., President and Professor of Mathematics. Silas Bailey, D.D., Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy. H. L. Wayland, A.M., Professor of Rhetoric and Logic, and Instructor in Greek. J. A. Clark, A.M., Professor of Latin. Miss H. P. Dodge, Principal of the Female College, and Professor of English Literature. Mrs. Martha L. Osborne, Professor of Modern Languages. Miss M. H. Blakeslee, Instructor in Music. Miss E. D. Wood, Instructor in Drawing and Painting. With regard to the institution called Olivet College, and located in that village, we gather from official sources the following particulars: This college is under the fostering care of the Presbyterians and Congregationalists, and its resources amount to one hundred and eighty-two thousand dollars. The faculty in 1868 was as follows: Rev. Nathan J. Morrison, D.D., President, and Drury Professor of Moral Philosophy. Rev. Oramel Hosford, A.M., Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. Rev. John M. Barrows, A.M., Professor of Botany and Geology. erature. Joseph L. Daniels, A.M., Professor of the Greek Language and Literature. |