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BY SPEAKERS' NAMES.

NORTH CAROLINA.

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187

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Mr. WILLIAM R. DAVIE (a Member of the Federal Convention) - for in-
vestigating the Subject, and discussing Clause by Clause,.
System extensive, involving the Principles of Federal Government,
Powers of the Federal Convention; states some of the Events, and the
Defects of the Confederation, which gave Birth to the Convention,...
Negro Representation; Jealousies of the East; one Kind of Property entitled
to Representation as well as any other, &c.,...

Vice-President, Reasons why introduced; Consolidation not intended;

Representatives,..

Confederacies; Amphictyonic; European,.

Rhode Island, her Conduct; Elections; true Construction of the Clause,.
Rhode Island; Party Influence, &c.; Elections, &c.,..

Journal; Publication; necessary to conceal it during the Confederation,..
Principle on which the Constitution was formed,.

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Treaty-making Power, in all Countries, placed in the Executive Depart-
ment, 119. States would not confederate without an equal Voice in the
Formation of Treaties; Separation of Powers, 120. President's Election
on fair Principles; his Nominations,...

Senatorial Term of Service; thirteen Councillors would destroy Presidential

Responsibility, 122. State Sovereignty represented in the Senate; Treaty;

Laws, their Execution; Judiciary; prohibitory Provisions ought to

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Mr. DAVIE, continued -

supersede the Laws of particular States, 155. Pine-barren Acts, Paper
money; Debts; executing the Laws, 157. Cognizance of Contro-
versies, 159. Federal Laws conflicting with those of the States; Legisla
tion on Individuals instead of States; Treaties; Ends of the Constitution
accomplished by a paramount Judiciary, ..

....

Powers granted, &c., 182. Operation on Paper Money; its great Deprecia-
tion; legal Tender, &c.,....

Securities, no Power to interfere with them,.

Opposed to the previous Question; conditional Ratification alarming,
Against standing out, and for Adoption,

Mr. GOUDY - for certain Rules to govern the Proceedings,

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Powers of Congress; Tendency to destroy the State Governments,

Page.

160

183

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191

218

236

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93

70

73

101

190

99

Mr. JAMES GALLOWAY-Congress; Apprehension that it may perpetuate
itself,....

Yeas and Nays; one fifth required,...

Slavery; Manumission apprehended,.

Laws supreme; Obligation of Contracts; Redemption of Securities,

Mr. HARDIMAN - Defence, where to apply,

Mr. WHITMILL HILL-Requisition; Taxes, to be paid in Money Loans,... 83
Mr. IREDELL-Full and fair Discussion necessary,....
Nature of Government; People may model it as they please,.
Constitution not a Compact, &c.,...

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Further Remarks on the Necessity of fully debating the proposed Con-
stitution,

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Senatorial Term; Powers of the Senate; Reference to British Government,

38

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Elections; Control by general Government; executive, legislative, and

judicial, separate, an Improvement,

Taxation; approves the Power by Congress,

Powers ought to be competent to the public Safety,
Slavery, no Power in Congress to abolish it,..
Election; approves the Clause,.

110

Presidential Election; Objections answered, 107. President's Power over
the Military; his Council, their Opinion to be given in Writing; Ex-
ample of England, 108. Responsibility; Pardon; Impeachment,.
Sovereignty of the States; Inequality of Suffrage in making Treaties, 125.
Bribes; Impeachment, not proper to render the Senate liable to it; Usage
of discussing Treaties in the British Parliament, 126. Surrender of Terri-
tory without an Act of Parliament; relative Influence of the two Houses
of Parliament, 123. Rulers should be watched; Amendments proposed by
the four States,.
130

No Danger from the Apprehension of Aristocracy; Commons an Overmatch
for King and Lords,..

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Senate's Power ought to counteract that of the House, to preserve State
Sovereignty, 133. Choice of President and Senators; Mode of nominat-
ing; Approval of the Senate; Influence of the House preponderating, 134
Trial by Jury; the best; its Omission owing to the Difficulty of establishing
a uniform Mode, 144. Old Confederation; Quotas; Debts; Supreme
Court; Stamp Act; Bill of Rights, absurd and dangerous,
Juries may be either in superior or inferior Courts,..
Trial by Jury; omitted from the Difficulty of the Case, in the Convention,
arising from the different Modes that obtain in the States,.
Jury Trial further noticed; Constitution should define Authority, so as to
leave no Doubt; Congress claiming Power not given, a Usurpation,....
Slaves, emancipated in some of the Northern States; "Persons," escaping,
shall be delivered up to those entitled to Service; Reasons why the
Northern Delegates objected to the word "Slave” being mentioned in the
Constitution,

Amendments may be made; Suffrage in the Senate; Compromise on
Slavery, &c.,....

Three Fourths may call a Convention to amend,.

Laws consistent with the Constitution binding on the People; Powers

164

170

176

177

178

Mr. IREDELL, continued-

Page.
usurped; Powers intended to be given, legal without new Authority, &c., 179
Paper Money not affected, 185. Relative Importance of the Northern and
Southern States,.

Replies to general Objections,

Exclusive Legislation; States will stipulate; Insult to Congress in 1783;
Powers enumerated, excluded from all others; Abuse of Power; Non-
Adoption out of the Union; State of the Union in 1776; anticipates the
Interest of the First Congress; Importance of framing the first Code of
Laws,.....

"Nine,'

186
218

218, 223

sufficient to establish the Constitution; Disadvantages in not
joining the Union under the Constitution,.
His Resolution for Yeas and Nays,..
Religion; Tests; Persecutions; its Toleration in America; Sacrament in
Great Britain; Office open to all Religions; Guaranty explained; Presi-
dent must be a Native; Form of an Oath; governed by the Religion of
the Person taking it; Case of an East Indian, a Gentoo, in Charles II.'s
Time,

Moves for Ratification and subsequent Amendments,
Gov. JOHNSTON - Vice-President's Vote defended,
Representative accountable only to his Constituents,
Impeachment; Removal; Disqualification,
State Officers amenable to the Courts of Law,.
Amendments; no Danger apprehended,

Powers; no Parallel between Congress and Parliament,

Taxation, in Kind,

Replies to Objections,

--Treaties; Difference between Confederation and Constitution,

Jurisdiction, concurrent between State and Federal Courts,

228

241

197

248

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77

88

115

141

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Fallacy of the Opinion that the Pope, or a Foreigner, may be chosen
President; Religion,

198

Mr. WILLIE JONES- for putting the Question upon the Constitution im-
mediately,

Reasons for this Proposition,.

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Ratification; wished to be out of the Union,..

245

Though no Share in the new Appointments, common Interest with Virginia;
Jefferson, he stated, wished Ratification only to preserve the Union;
Office Expectants, their Bias, &c.,.

225

Defence of the Opposition,..

234

Amendments; adopting States; no Office-Hunter, &c.,

Amendments,

240

216 to 217

Against Adoption; moved the previous Question; refuses to withdraw his
Motion,
Mr. LANCASTER- his Apprehensions for Constitutional Amendments, 212.
Elections; President's conditional Negative; Two Thirds very rarely will
agree to a Law; Appeals; Armies; Religion; Papists or Mahometans
may occupy the Chair; Disqualification in the States; would oppose
Adoption,

Mr. LOCKE-Constitution grants unlimited Powers, 168. Necessity of Pine-
barren Acts; expedient to make Paper Money a legal Tender,..
Opposes the Adoption,......

Mr. LENOIR-President's Treaty-making Power, a legislative Act,
Convention exceeded its Powers; Reasons for opposing,..

Mr. MACLAINE-Distinction between a Monarchy and Republic,.
"We, the People," proper,

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Power in the People, not in the States; Distinction between Law and Fact;
Federal Jurisdiction limited,..

State and Federal Courts,.

160

164 to 172

Money Bills; Paper Money; Depreciation, though ultimately good,
Trial by Jury; further Explanations,..

172

175

State Sovereignty not in Danger from Congress,.

180

Taxes will be inconsiderable; Congress will have Credit abroad; Adoption

will bring out Specie,....

188

Trade, its Resources; Loans,

189

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Mr. M'DOWALL — Elections; Control over Taxation, opposed to its Surrender
to the general Government,..

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Mr. MILLER-Presidential Powers, a Defect in the Constitution,..

Mr. PERSON

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Mr. PORTER-Money Clause, whence does the Power originate?..
Treaty-making Power in the President and Senate,....

Treaties; House of Representatives ought to have a Vote in making them,.. 118
Mr. SHEPHERD-for full Discussion,.

189

210

114

217

94

115

217

Mr. SPAIGHT (a Member of the Federal Convention) — Taxes, whether paid to
State or Federal Government, no Difference,.

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Judiciary; Federal Convention unanimous in keeping separate the Federal
and State Governments,

139

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Trial by Jury; in the Federal Convention, considerable Time taken to
investigate the Subject,

144

Convention, denies that it exceeded its Powers,.

206

Senate responsible to State Legislatures; Federal Constitution favorable to
Trial by Jury; Religion, no Power over it; an Infidel will never be chosen
for Office; Amendments; exclusive Legislation; Liberty of the Press;
Census; Requisitions done away,....

206, 210

Mr. SPENCER- Governors, Servants of the People,.
Objections to the new Form of Government,
Refractory States; Elections,.

Taxes, Interference between the States and the Federal Government;
Objections,.

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Executive Power; standing Council of one Member from each of the
States, &c.,.

.... 116

Treaties should have the Sanction of all the Senate; Aristocracy should be
guarded against,

Judiciary, Objections to the System,.

Preamble, "We, the People; " Oath, 153. Trial by Jury,.

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Contends for a Bill of Rights Power, Jurisdiction, and Right, not given up,

remain in the States; objects to a Revision of Facts by Federal Court, and
concurrent Jurisdiction dangerous

Boundary of a Bill of Rights wanted,

Religious Tests, Foundation of Persecution,.

Amendments, 227. For Union,

Mr. STEELE-Elections; no Check in the old Confederation,.

Journal, its Publication,..

Taxation, in Favor of the Clause,

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Mr. JOSEPH TAYLOR-Wording, "We, the People," an assumed Power,.. 23
Appointments; Rights parted with,

36

Impeachment, does it reach Collectors?.

45

Elections, their Control in vague Terms,.
Electors, Objections to the Power,

70

104, 105

Mr. WILSON-wished Exclusion of Popish Priests from Office,.

212

BILL OF RIGHTS,..

243

YEAS AND NAYS, at large, on Amendment,

250

251

CLOSING PROCEEDINGS-"neither to ratify nor reject the Constitution,”
adopted by a large Majority,....

SOUTH CAROLINA.

ROBERT BARNWELL-for a limited Discussion, 263. Defence of the Con-
stitution, 291. President's Responsibility; Treaties; Congressional Pay;
Paper Medium; Trial by Jury; Preferences; Importation of Negroes;
Carrying Trade; pleased with the Clause relative to Slaves,...
PIERCE BUTLER (one of the Members of the Federal Convention)-Im-
peachment; Senate; Peace and War,......

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Mr. PATRICK CALHOUN─Religion; too great a Latitude allowed,.
PATRICK DOLLARD (in Convention) — his Constituents, to a Man, opposed
to the Constitution for Want of a Bill of Rights,
Com. GILLON-satisfied with the Doings of the Convention; in Favor of
American Bottoms,..

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Hon. RALPH IZARD-Right of Kings to make Treaties,

293

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Mr. RAWLINS LOWNDES-Senate and the old Confederation; Constitution
and Laws paramount; Presidential Powers,..
Treaties contrary to Law not valid; Eulogium on the Confederation, 271.
New Government an Experiment; no adequate Advantage; Slavery,.... 272
Importation of Negroes, 272. Evils apprehended from the Laws of Congress;
local Legislature; Fears for the Fate of the Southern States,..
Defence of the Confederation; Powers of the President; Representation;
Senators; Commercial Advantages enjoyed by the Eastern States; Taxes;
Congressional Pay; recommends another Convention,
287, 291
Explains his Argument on Treaties; Checks; limiting the Importation of
Negroes an Evil; Navy to come from the East; Taxes; Expense of the
Government; Presidential Powers; the "Well-born; " preparatory Plan
for a Monarchy; Constitution ruinous to the Liberty of America,........... 308
Mr. JAMES LINCOLN-opposes the Constitution, as an aristocratic Govern-
ment; President may hold his Office for Life, Liberty of the Press
forgotten; Bill of Rights essential,.

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312

Col. MASON- thanks Mr. Lowndes for his Opposition to the Constitution,... 316
Mr. JOHN MATTHEWS — denies the Efficiency of the Confederation,
JUDGE PENDLETON-Impeachment,..

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Only three States sanctioned the Importation of Negroes,

CHARLES PINCKNEY (a Member of the Federal Convention) - Motives as
a Member of the Federal Convention; Condition of the Country at the
Close of the War; Defects of the Confederation, &c., 253. Necessity
of a Government to operate on the People; Compromise; rapid Glance
at different Parts of the System,..
President's Power; Responsibility,.
Observations on the System (before the Convention May 12.) But one
Government in Europe that provides for civil Rights, 318. People
Servants; Rulers supreme; Ireland; the Netherlands; America taught
the Rights of Man, 319. Primogeniture, 320. Peopled classed; commercial
foreign Trade, Root of public Distress; mechanical; agricultural, 321.
Merchants; Mediocrity a leading Feature; Division into States; East-
ern, 322. Middle; Maryland and the Southern States; Outline of the
Legislation of Pennsylvania; Georgia; Maryland, 323. New York,
Massachusetts, 325. Foreign Governments; Evils of a Republic, 326.

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