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the creation till the period of his writing. He appears to have survived till the year 1567. On the twenty-second day of February, 1567, Sir William Stewart was inaugurated in the office. lyon king of arms': and Lindsay seems to have retained the situation till the time of his decease. In 1513 Sir David Lindsay was a special servant to K. James the Fourth; and at that period must at least have been about twenty years of age. If he survived till the year 1567, he must according to this computation have reached the age of seventy-four.

His character has always been represented as highly respectable. Archbishop Spotswood, speaking of the eminent men who adorned this æra of our history, proceeds in the following manner: "Sir David Lindsay of the Mount shall be first named; a man honorably descended, and greatly favored by K. James the Fifth. Besides his knowledge and deep judgment of heraldry (whereof he was the chief) and in other publick affairs, he was most religiously inclined; but much hated by the clergy for the liberty he used

Birrel's Diarey, p. 14. apud Dalyell.-Stewart was undoubtedly the immediate successor of Lindsay. In his collection of blazonings, Lindsay has inserted his own coat of arms: and those of the four succeeding lyon kings of arms have been subjoined by some more recent limner. The catalogue stands thus: Sir David Lindsay of the Mount, 1542, Sir William Stewart, 1567, Sir David Lindsay of Rathellet, 1568, Sir David Lindsay of the Mount, 1592, and Sir Jeremy Lindsay of Annitland, 1621.

in condemning the superstition of the time, and rebuking their loose and dissolute lives. Nottheless, he went unchallenged, and was not brought in question; which shewed the good account wherein he was helds." To the testimony of this venerable prelate we may subjoin that of Dr John Johnston:

Melliflui cantûs Syren dulcissima, qualem

Scotigenæ Aonides et recinunt et amant;
Deliciæ regum, tituloque ac nomine regis;
Hoc fuerat nato quod fuit antè patri :
Quàm Musis charus, quàm diis quoque regibus olim,
Tam verâ placuit religione Deo ..

Of the works of Lindsay, various editions have appeared. "The Testament and Complaint of our Souerane Lordis Papingo" was printed at London by John Byddell in the year 1538. His

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Dialog of the Miserabill Estait of this Warld betuix Experience and ane Courteour," together with "The Papingo," "The Dreme," "The Deploratioun of the Deith of Quene Magdalene," and "The Tragedie of the Cardinal," was "imprentit at the command and expensis of Doctor Macabeus in Copmanhouin" about the year 1553. "The place," says Mr Pinkerton," is false; and the book was in all likelihood printed in London"." That it was however actually printed

5 Spotswood's Hist. of the Church of Scotland, p. 97.
t Johnston. Heroes Scoti, p. 27. Ludg. Bat. 1603, 4to.
u Pinkerton's List of the Scotish Poets, p. civ.

at Copenhagen, is by no means improbable. It is at least certain that Dr Macbeth or Macabeus was not a fictitious but a real person; and that his religious principles were congenial with those of Lindsay. In 1534 the persecution which prevailed in Scotland compelled John Macbeth, with Alexander Hales' and other scholars, to fly for refuge to foreign countries" and he is reported to have obtained a professorship in the University of Copenhagen. "The Monarchie," "The Papingo," "The Dreme," and "The Tragedie of the Cardinal," were "imprentit at the command and expensis of Maister Sammuel Jascuy, in Paris” in the year 1558. "How Lindsay's works," says Mr Pinkerton," so inimical to Rome, could be printed at Paris, it is hard to imagine; and I suspect the true place was Rouen in Normandy, a town where different Hugonot books appeared." In an edition of these three productions, together with "The Complaint of Schir Dauid Lyndesay," printed at Edinburgh by John Scot for Henry

▾ An account of Hales may be found in Bayle's Dictionnaire Historique et Critique, tom. i. p. 156. Bayle quotes "Jacobi Thomasii Oratio de Alexandro Alesio," printed, together with several others, at Leipzig in the year 1683.

w Petrie's Hist. of the Catholick Church, cent. xvi. p. 172.

* In the oration of Gilbert Gray, which Dr Mackenzie has prefixed to his lives, he is improperly mentioned by the name of Christian Macbeth. Mr Petrie informs us that he was chaplain to Christian King of Denmark. Sed cum bonarum literarum cultura formatus, suspiciendus posteris vivebat Christianus Macabeus Scotus, Professor Hafniensis, qui scripsit De Vera et Falsa Ecclesia, &c. Floruit anno partæ salutis 1558." GRAY. Orat. de Illustribus Scotiæ Scriptoribus, p. xxxi.

Charters in 1568, mention is made of "the imprentingis of Rowen and London;" a circumstance which serves to strengthen the above conjecture. Lindsay's works, says another editor,“ haue bene imprentit in Rowen, bot altogidder sa corrupt and fals, that na man can be abill to atteine the authouris minde be them. They are likewise laitlie imprentit in Londoun, with litill better succes"." No collective London edition prior to that of 1566 has hitherto been discovered. In this the poems are injudiciously translated into English. Other impressions appeared at Edinburgh in 1574, 1588, 1592, and 1597. An edition of "TheTestament and Complaint of the Papingo," was printed by Bassantin of Edinburgh in the year 1574 and during the following year an Anglicised edition of "The Monarchie" appeared at London. "The

Historie of ane Nobil and Walzeand Squyer, William Meldrum, vmquhyle Laird of Cleische and Bynnis," was inserted in the edition of his works undertaken by Henry Charters in 1592; and republished, in a separate form, in 1594 and 1602. This poem is also to be found among Mr Pinkerton's Scotish Poems. The "Satyre of the Thrie Estaits, in Commendatioun of Vertew and Vituperatioun of Vyce," was printed by Robert Charters in the year 1602, and has lately been reëdited in the above collection of Mr Pinkerton.

y H. Charters, Preface to Lindsay's Warkis.

All these early editions are in quarto. There are many later impressions of little or no value: being intended for the use of the common people, they are generally found devested of the ancient orthography".

We are informed by Dr Mackenzie that various works of Lindsay were printed at Edinburgh in the year 1540: but Mr Pinkerton has affirmed that no Protestant book could be printed at Edinburgh till 1567, the year in which Queen Mary was deposed; and he is therefore persuaded that the first genuine Scotish edition of Lindsay's works was that which made its appearance in 1568. No impression of an earlier date can indeed be discovered: but the accuracy of these conclusions may perhaps be disputed. Protestant books, however obnoxious to the existing government, might in a clandestine manner be printed long before the period which he has specified. Lindsay is known to have satirized the Catholics in a play represented before the court by permission of the king himself and the same obnoxious play was afterwards exhibited before the queen regent, who was sufficiently attached to the old faith. Such was the

z Lindsay's poetical works, with the omission of various passages, have however been lately reprinted in a more correct form by Mr Sibbald, in his Chronicle of Scottish Poetry. Edinb. 1802, 4 vols. 8vo.

a See the Dissertation on the Early Scotish Drama, p. 208.

b "Na les ernist and vehement," says H. Charters, “ was he aganis them in his fairsis and publict playis, quhairin he was verray craftie and VOL. II.

M

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