pounds and the committee are requested to proceed to have the same executed. As the late Treasurer A. McLean, Esq. hath vacated his office by removing out of the District, it is agreed unanimously that Thomas Markland, Esq. should be appointed Treasurer. Thomas Markland and Alexander Fisher enter into a joint bond for the said T- Markland's due performance of the office of Treasurer, in the penal sum of five hundred pounds. MARCH 26TH, 1796. AT A SPECIAL SESSION HELD BY THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE HIGHWAYS FOR THE COUNTY OF FRONTENAC. Present: R. Cartwright, Wm. Atkinson, Thos. Markland. Received the accounts and lists of the following overseers : Aaron Brewer, John Roushorn, Micajah Purdy, Thomas Smith. Ordered, That Mr. Nicholas Herkimer take the same division and work the same road that were under the direction of Micajah Purdy the last session. That Hugh Campbell should employ the people of his Division in opening and improving the road from the third to the fourth concession and along the first line of the fourth concession. That Mr. John Roushorn, Mr. Thomas Smith and Mr. Aaron Brewer employ the inhabitants of their respective Divisions, which are comprised within the same limits as they were last year, in improving the same roads, and that the composition money,' as far as it will go, be applied towards finishing the bridges over the little River of Cataraqui in the second and first concessions. Adjourned to Saturday, 2nd April. Present, the same Commissioners. Received the accounts of Nicholas Whitesil and David Brass. It is ordered that Mr. David Brass retain the same division and employ the Inhabitants on the same roads as last session. That Thomas Howland of Pittsburg shall have within his 1 Section 13 of the road act allowed those subject to statute labor to compound for it by paying, to the overseer, six shillings per day for each team and driver, or three shillings per day in lieu of personal labor. division all the Inhabitants from Mr D McDonell's farm inclusive, to the lower extremity of the said Township, and shall employ them in improving the roads from his own house to the extremity of the Township adjoining the Township of Leeds. That John Grant shall have within his Division the remainder of the Inhabitants of the said Township and employ them in improving the roads from his own house to Mr. T. Howland's. COURT OF QUARTER SESSIONS HELD AT KINGSTON THE 12TH APRIL, 1796. Present:-Rich'd Cartwright, Alex. Fisher, Timothy Thomson, Joshua Booth, Thomas Markland, Wm. Atkinson, Peter Van Alstine, John Embury. The Commission of the Peace was openly read. The Sheriff returned the Precept. The Grand Jury was called and sworn. Geo. Forsyth, Foreman, Robt McAuley, John Carscallan, Donald McDonell, Peter Smith, Joseph Anderson, Jeptha Hawley, James Robins, Alex. Clarke, Michael Grass, John Everitt, Benj'n Seymour, Henry Finkle, James Parrot, Francis Prime, Sam'l McLay, Jacob Miller, Matthew Clarke. Titus Fitch & C. Burley, Constables, were sworn to attend the Grand Jury. The Court gave the charge to the Grand Jury. All persons bound on recognizance were called. It is ordered by the Magistrates in open session that an entire rate be continued to be levied for the ensuing year.1 1 By the assessment acts 33rd Geo. III. Cap. III. and 34th Geo. III. Cap. VI. the inhabitant householders of the various parishes or townships were to be arranged by the assessors in ten classes according to the amount of their real and personal property, being from £50 to £100 in the first class, and from £500 to £550 in the tenth. The act prescribed a specific amount, called the rate, to be paid by each class, the rate for the first class being 2s. 6d. and for the tenth 25s. There were also a Lower and an Upper List, beyond these classes, the former rated at 2s. only, and the latter at 5s. on every £100 of assessed property. These amounts were to constitute a full rate which was fixed by the act, for the first two years 1794-95. Thenceforth the Magistrates in the April Sessions were to determine, after making an estimate of the expenditure for the year, what proportion of the rate should be levied. As stated above, the full rate was continued for 1796, but varying proportions were afterwards appointed. Numerous changes were made in the assessment act before 1812. APRIL 13TH, 1796. [One case of petty larceny and two of assault and battery were disposed of.] APRIL 14TH, 1796. John Carscallen and Alex. Clark were bound under recognizance in open sessions, of ten pounds each, to prosecute Wm. Rambach and Peter Detlor at the ensuing Quarter Sessions at Adolphus Town next July. A Bench Warrant was granted (directed to the sheriff) by the magistrates in open sessions assembled, to apprehend Wm. Rambach and Peter Detlor to answer an Indictment at the ensuing Quarter Sessions of the Peace. [Various accounts are ordered to be paid.] The whole amounting to sixty four pounds sixteen shillings and ten pence Halifax currency, which shall be sufficient authority to the Treasurer to pay the above sums out of the public stock of the District. The following persons were nominated and appointed constables for the term of one year for the Townships hereafter specified. Mr. John McLeod, High Constable. Thurlow, Philip Swich. Adolphus Town, Garrat Benson, Samuel Brook. Ernest Town, Richard Knight, Robinson Irish. Amherst Isle, Colin McKenzie. Marysburgh, James Gerolomy, Robt. Thomson. Town of Kingston, Wm. Good, Henry Cassidy. Township of Kingston, John Moss, Michael Diderich. [JULY 1796, ADOLPHUS TOWN.] It is ordered by the Magistrates in open sessions assembled that the sum of twenty five pounds currency be levied upon the inhabitants of the County of Lenox and part of Prince Edward County, for Member's wages, agreeable to an act of the Province for the year 1796. BOOK REVIEWS. University Sermons. By JOHN CAIRD, D.D., LL.D.. late Principal and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Glasgow. Glasgow: James MacLehose & Sons. Toronto: Upper Canada Tract Society, 1898. These noble sermons ought to be in the hands of every preacher. The late Principal Caird was, perhaps, the greatest master of pulpit oratory of our day, and it is of the first importance that all who are engaged in the work of the ministry should try to discover, and as far as possible to master, the secret of his power. No doubt this is only partially practicable. In a sense the preacher, like the poet, "is born, not made "; but it is not the less true that preaching is one of the higher arts, which may be acquired by any one who labours diligently in the mastery of it. It would be too much to expect that every preacher should possess such a combination of qualities as made Dr. Caird's influence a potent and irresistible spell. Not only had he undergone the severest intellectual discipline; not only did he unite imaginative power with intellectual depth and clearness, but he had at command an elocutionary excellence hardly inferior to that of a first-rate actor. It was this extraordinary union of qualities, combined with spiritual enthusiasm, that resulted in such potency and charm as is not likely to be soon exhibited in the same degree. The master's power cannot be attained by the disciple, but the disciple may learn much from the master. A careful reading of these sermons will to some extent explain the extraordinary effect they invariably produced in the mind of the listener. It will be observed that it is no cheap road to popularity which Principal Caird seeks. Each of these sermons will bear the closest scrutiny, and the solidity of their content will be only the more apparent the more carefully they are studied. No man ever had a greater power of making unfamiliar ideas obvious. Take, for example, the sermon on "Evil working through Good." At first sight no topic would seem less likely to be popular, or to be capable of simple and forcible statement; and yet Dr. Caird has made it glow with the fervour of intellectual and spiritual enthusiasm. Starting, as he often did, from one of the paradoxical sayings in which Scripture abounds"Sin, that it might appear sin, working death in me by that which is good"-the preacher goes on to show that it is the natural expression of a profound spiritual truth. "The revelation of a law of truth and righteousness and goodness, the natural and inherent tendency of which is to awaken the conscience and kindle the spiritual aspirations, to cultivate and perfect the higher life of the soul, may be turned into the means of the deeper moral ruin......Sin, that it may appear sin, that it may betray to the full extent its disastrous and detached nature, may work death in us by that which is good." For the further working out of this truth we must refer the reader to the weighty words of the preacher. In another discourse the problem is discussed: "Is Unbelief a Sin?" This perplexing question is here answered in a highly suggestive way. But, indeed, the reader will find in every page of this volume something worthy of his most careful reflexion. The volume, as a whole, may be regarded as a partial and successful attempt to express the essence of Christianity in a form to bring its truth home to those for whom traditional modes of speech have become unmeaning, without employing the abstract language of philosophy, which to the untrained mind is almost unintelligibie. Dr. Caird's conception of the preacher's function seems to be the true one, viz., to mediate between the highest results of speculative thought and the ordinary life, by giving to permanent truths the concrete life and breadth, which are revealed only to those who have the highest spiritual experience and can give an account of what it is. JOHN WATSON. The Studio of London (Eng.), for September, has no lack of good things for its readers, whether learned or unlearned in the ways of art. It covers a wide range of subjects interesting in themselves and rendered doubly attractive by the illustrations accompanying each article. The opening paper on the portrait painting of the American artist, Cecilia Beaux, is of special value to those who are interested in watching the progress of this branch of art in America, where the old conventional traditions of portrait painting have been superseded by the simplicity and directness of the modern school of Sargent and others. The examples of Miss Beaux' work are particularly well chosen and reproduced, and those in the excellent paper on Modern German Lithography are also well worthy of notice, particularly some striking reproductions in colour of the works of Thoma, Kampf and Eitner. Considerable space is given to the National Competition at South Kensington, and here again are very beautiful examples of the work done in so many and so varied branches of Art. The result must, we think be encouraging to those desiring to see the increase of applied art in new directions. It is difficult to believe that the exquisite and artistic productions of the needle here illustrated bear even the remotest connection with the equally striking if less harmonious creations of our grandmothers. The larger part of the competitors appear to be women, who in designing, metal work, and other departments can fully hold their own. The ex |