MR. BINDON BLOOD, F. R. S. E.
DR. W. T. EDWARDS, F. R. S. L.
SIR G. S. MACKENZIE, F. R. S. L. & E.

DR. PATRICK NEILL, F. R. S. E.
DR. D. B. REID, F.R. S. E.
MR. H. T. M. WITHAM, F. R. S. E.

Are we to seek amongst the fellows of other chartered and scientific societies in England, for men likely to "cut a respectable figure in

any assembly of third-rate talent?" to those given above:—

MR. JOHN BUDDLE, F. G. S.

DR. T. J. M. FORSTER, F. L. S.
MR. WILLIAM HUTTON, F. G. S.

If so, add the following names

CAPT. MACONOCHIE, F. G. S.
MR. W. C. TREVELYAN, F. G. S.
MR. H. C. WATSON, F. L. S.

Are members of the Royal Irish Academy held of any weight in the question? Then add the following:

DR. JAMES ARMSTRONG.
MR. W. W. Campbell.
MR. ANDREW CARMICHAEL.

MR. RICHARD CARMICHAEL.
PROFESSOR HARRISON.
DR. HENRY MARSH.

Is the authorship of approved works, more particularly those connected with the medical or political philosophy of mind, any test of ability and fitness to judge the merits of a science of mind, founded on organisation? The following half dozen writers may be named:DR. E. BARLOW, author of Essays in the Cyclopædia of Practical Medicine. MR. W. A. F. BROWNE, author of Lectures on Insanity.

MR. R. COBDEN, author of the Treatises by a "Manchester Manufacturer." SIR W. C. ELLIS, author of the Treatise on Insanity.

MR. C. MACLAREN, editor of the Scotsman.

DR. W. WEIR, lately co-editor of the Glasgow Medical Journal.

If we may also refer to the editors of esteemed medical periodicals, or other able journals, countenancing phrenology, then we cite the editors of the following:

The Analyst.

The Brit. and For. Med. Review.
Chambers's Edinburgh Journal.

The Lancet.

The Medico-Chirurgical Review.
The Naturalist.

And whilst alluding to editorial personages, we shall give the names of the six gentlemen who, at different times, conducted the former series of the Phrenological Journal, before it came into the hands of its present proprietor. For ability and general information, they will not sink in a comparison with any other of our half dozens:—

DR. ANDREW COMBE.
MR. GEORGE Combe.
MR. ROBERT Cox.

DR. RICHARD POOLE.
MR. WILLIAM SCOTT.
MR. JAMES SIMPSON.

Our ambition rises as we write, and though the first intention was that of giving only a dozen names, the enumeration beyond has already quadrupled the first dozen, and, could space be conveniently allowed, we should be tempted to quadruple these forty-eight. If we

have omitted the names of many able phrenologists in Britain and elsewhere (indeed, as phrenologists, more able than some of those who are included), or of men eminent in other departments of knowledge who countenance phrenology, it has been occasioned by the impossibility of naming all, and by the limitation into groups of half a dozen each, according to the several tests proposed.

Whilst we are thus excluding several very able phrenologists, we have still no hesitation in saying, that the preceding forty-eight names belong to persons, who, taken together, are as respectable for intellectual ability and general information, as would be any forty-eight selected chemists, geologists, botanists, zoologists, or cultivators of other sciences respectively. Try the phrenologists on other subjects than mere phrenology; and also try the chemists, the geologists, the botanists, the zoologists, on other subjects than mere chemistry, geology, botany, or zoology (as the case may be), and we are widely mistaken if the phrenologists would not be found at least the compeers of the latter. It may be said that these are not all of them persons particularly devoted to the study of phrenology. This would be true; but let one dozen devoted phrenologists be selected from the forty-eight, and subjected to the same ordeal with one dozen of the chemists, &c., and the result would be still more in favour of the phrenologists. But, notwithstanding this willingness to submit the supporters of phrenology to any equal test in comparison with others, we must still maintain that the proper estimate for scientific men, is the ability and success with which they pursue their own especial studies. It would be as ridiculous-nay, it would truly be more ridiculous-to measure the abilities of a phrenologist by his knowledge of chemistry, as to estimate the talents of a chemist by his phrenological information.

Before concluding these remarks, we shall yet resort to one other test, afforded by the last meeting of the British Association, as giving very conclusive proof that other scientific men do look on the phrenologists as proper associates for themselves in their scientific investigations. That the proposed phrenological association, mentioned in the preceding article, should have been commenced exclusively by members of the British Association for the advancement of science, is in itself something very like evidence that phrenology is zealously supported by persons evincing a considerable interest in other scientific studies; because the British Association has hitherto shunned the subject of phrenology, and has thus repelled rather than attracted phrenologists, who must have joined the association from other motives than the love of this department of science. But mere membership of that association is so much a matter of course to those

desiring it, that it cannot be looked upon as any indication of the individual members being received as fit associates of their co-members. Yet, when we find the phrenological members sitting on the committees, or filling higher offices in the management of the sectional (which is the scientific) business of the association, it must be regarded as indisputable evidence that they have claims to respect on other grounds than those of their phrenological acquirements; that they are not phrenologists alone (which, in our eyes, is their highest qualification), but are also the fellows of other scientific men in their own several departments. In looking over the list of office-bearers in the Sections, published in the Athenæum, we recognised the names of several persons publicly known as phrenologists, and also those of some others who express favourable opinions of the science in private society. The latter we shall not enumerate, lest it should be unpleasant to the parties; but the names of the sixteen following gentlemen have been before the public on other occasions than the present, as those of persons favourable to phrenology; and some of whom are well known to be particularly devoted to the study of that science. MR. J. BUDDLE, Vice-President of Section C. MR. W. CARGILL, Secretary of Section F. MR. B. DONKIN, Vice-President of Section G. MR. J. FIFE, Vice-President of Section E. MR. T. M. GREENHOW, Secretary of Section E. PROFESSOR GREGORY, Committee of Section B. MR. J. I. HAWKINS, Committee of Section G. MR. W. HUTTON, Committee of Section C. MR. W. MORRISON, Committee of Section E. DR. P. NEILL, Committee of Section D. PROFESSOR NICHOL, Committee of Section A. DR. D. B. REID, Committee of Section B. MR. W. C. TREVELYAN, Secretary of Section C. MR. H. C. WATSON, Committee of Section D. PROFESSOR WHEATSTONE, Committee of Section A. MR. H. T. M. WITHAM, Committee of Section C.

As there are seven sections, the average of publicly ayowed phrenologists exceeds two on each committee. Were we to add others, whom we know to be favourable to the doctrines, but whose names we have not seen publicly connected with them, the average would exceed three on each. It is to be borne in mind, however, that such a test is highly disadvantageous to phrenologists, because, whilst there is no section for phrenological science, its cultivators can be received only on the score of their other attainments; and this, as before remarked, is a very trying test for scientific men who usually achieve eminence by devoting their attention to some single department almost exclusively. Accordingly, none of the sixteen persons named in this list are at the summit in the respective departments in

which they are placed, because they are not so exclusive in their studies. Were we to single out the acknowledged head of any other science, in general attainments and philosophical character of mind he would not excel our indisputably first phrenologist-MR. GEORGE COMBE.

Let it be remembered, that we are very far from upholding the ability and respectability of all phrenologists "so-called." Phrenology having become popular, and being (in the eyes of the ignorant) a sort of mysterious fortune-telling, lots of disreputable charlatans make use of it for their own purposes of gulling others; and probably three-fourths of the public (but self-elected) teachers of phrenology are persons who would be shunned, not by men of science only, but by every man of respectability and gentlemanly feeling. The cause of this lies with the public, who encourage them by offering a premium to empiricism and knavery. It is the same in politics, in medicine, and in religion; only that the recognised bodies of statesmen, of physicians, and of clergy or ministers of sects, throw the quacks more into the background.

Sir,

ARTICLE IV.

CASE OF MENTAL DERANGEMENT.

To the Editor of the American Phrenological Journal.

I have been informed by Dr. Estes, of this place, that he has, in his correspondence with you, mentioned a case of mental derangement, the history of which fell under my observation in conducting the defence of a suit at law, and that you think it is of sufficient importance to merit a place in your Journal. In accordance with the doctor's request, I will give you a brief history of the case. The persons from whose testimony the facts were gathered, are resident citizens of the county of Noxubie, Miss. The attending physician, Dr. Caleb Greenwood, is a gentleman of intelligence, and experience. in his profession. It is much to be regretted, however, that his enquiries in the case in question were made with an eye single to his own profession, and that his acquaintance with phrenology was not sufficient to induce him to invoke its aid in ascertaining the nature and tracing the progress of the disease; nor to watch over the manifestations of the disease with a view of throwing light upon the science. Aided by an acquaintance with phrenology, with his intelligence and nicely discriminating powers of mind, the doctor could

hav given to the world one of the most beautiful illustrations of the truth of the science which has ever been published. The other witnesses examined were plain people, of high moral excellence.

The person diseased was a negro boy, about nineteen years of age. He had from birth been the property of the family of Calloways, in Noxubie county. Upon the death of the father of the family, it became necessary for his adminstrator to sell the boy. Francis Calloway, son and administrator of the deceased, accordingly sold him at public auction, on the 6th of January, 1837, and, to enhance his price, warranted him to be sound in mind and body. Abner Calloway, also a son of the deceased, became the purchaser. The suit spoken of was instituted by the administrator to recover the purchase money. The sole defence set up, was that at the time of the sale the boy was not sound in mind.

Mrs. Harber, (formerly Miss Calloway,) a daughter of the deceased, testified that she had known the boy from his birth, he had grown up to manhood in her father's family; from a child he had manifested an excellent disposition-had always been humble, obedient, submissive -had never been known to be impudent or insolent to any of the family and had been uniformly kind and benevolent to his fellowservants; that for the first time which had come to her knowledge, he broke through his good conduct about ten days before the day of sale. At that time he became quarrelsome and turbulent among the negroes on the farm, whipped the women and boys, and was disposed to fight on every occasion. Mrs. Harber found it necessary to interfere; she told the boy that if he did not desist, she would have him punished as soon as Mr. Harber returned home. Upon this, he used insolent and threatening language towards her. The witness stated that she

was astonished at his conduct; that she attributed it, however, at the time to the influence of sudden passion, but after his subsequent disease and death, she had no doubt that the fatal malady had then made its first aggression. Several other witnesses were then examined, whose names I do not recollect. They concurred with Mrs. Harber in the character which she gave the boy. They knew nothing more than what took place on the day of sale. The boy on that day seemed to be sound in every respect; but after he was bid off, he sprang from the block on which he had been placed, exclaiming that he was as big as Jesus Christ, and behaved otherwise in an unusual manner. The witnesses were surprised that the boy should so far depart from his accustomed humility and decorum; none of them, however, thought at the time of attributing it to a diseased affection of the mind; but after the boy was taken with his subsequent derangement, they believed that he must on that day have been under the