ENNSYLVANIA and New-Jersey in America lieth about forty and forty two Degrees of North Latitude, and is severed the one from the other by the River of Delaware on the West, and separated from New York Collony by Sandy-hoock-Bay, and part of Hudsons River on the East. The dayes in the Winter are about two hours longer, and in the Summer two hours shorter than in England, the Summer somewhat hotter, which causeth the Fruits and Corn somewhat to ripen faster than in England, and the Harvest for Wheat, Rye and Barley, being about the latter end of June. In the Winter season it is cold and freezing Weather, and sometimes Snow, but commonly very clear and Sun-shine, which soon dissolves it. (See note No. 3).

The Country is well Watered, the River of Delaware being navigable for Ships of great burthen to Burlington (see note No. 4), which from the Capes, or entrance, is accounted an hundred and forty Miles; and for Sloops to the Falls, which is about ten miles farther.

The Bay of Sandy-Hoock (see note No. 5), on EastJersey is a safe and excellent Harbour for any Fleet of Ships, which can lie there in all Weathers, and go in

and out to Sea in Winter, as well as Summer, and Ships of great Burthen can lie close to the Town of New-Perth, (see note No. 6) which renders it a good Scituation for Navigation, from whence in six Hours time at most, Ships can go out into the Sea; and close by the Town of Perth runs up Rariton River. From the Falls of Delaware River the Indians go in Cannows up the said River, to an Indian Town called Minisincks, which is accounted from the Falls about eighty miles; but this they perform by great Labour in setting up against the Stream; but they can come down with ease and speed; the River from the Falls runs from the North and North-West about twenty miles, as I my self observed in my Travel so far by the River, but by the Indians Information, it cometh about more Easterly farther up. I have been informed, that about Minisincks (see note No. 7), by the Rivar-side, both in New-Jersey and Pennsylvania is great quantities of exceeding rich open Land, which is occasioned by washing down of the Leaves and Soil in great Rains from the Mountains, which Land is exceeding good, for the raising of Hemp and Flax, Wheat, or any other sorts of Corn, Fruits, Roots &c. Where in time may be conveniently settled a Manufacture for the making of Linnen Cloth, Cordage, Twine, Sacking, Fishing-Nets, and all other commodities commonly made of Hemp or Flax : And after great Rains, we may bring down great quantities of Goods in flat-bottom-Boats, built for that purpose,

which will then come down, by reason of the Landfloods with speed.

And into this River, betwixt the Capes and the Falls, run many navigable Rivers and Cricks, some of them fifteen or twenty Miles, and others less, which Rivers and Cricks are made by the plenty of Springs and Brooks, that run out of the Country, many of which Brooks are so considerable, as to be fit to drive Mills. And above the falls, in travelling of twenty Miles by the Rivers side, I went over twenty runnings of water, five or six of them being fit to build Mills

on.

The Country for the most part is pretty leavel, until we come about ten Miles above the Falls, where it is Mountanious for many Miles, but interlaced with fertile Valleys. The Bay and River of Delaware, and the Rivers and Cricks that runs into it, are plentifully stored with various sorts of good Fish and Water-Fowl as Swans, Geese, Ducks, Wigeons, &c. And a considerable Whale-Fishery (see note No. 8), may be carried on in the Bay of Delaware, and on the Sea-Coasts of New-Jersey, there being Whale-Fisheries already begun, plenty of Whales being by experience found there, and the Winter-time being the time for the catching them, they will not thereby be hindred of raising there Summer-Crops; and the Oyl and Bone being good commodities to be sent for England, there also being in the Bay of Delaware and Sandy-Hoock, Drums, Sheeps-Heads, Bass, and other sorts of large

Fish, which may be fit to salt up in Casks to keep for use, and Transportation also. There are great plenty of Oysters, which may be pickled and put up in small Casks for use. Likewise, in Delaware River are great plenty of Sturgion, which doubtless might be a good Trade, if mannaged by such Persons as are skilful in the boyling and pickling of them, so as to preserve them good to Barbadoes, and other adjacent Islands. There are also in the Spring great quantities of a sort of Fish like Herrings: with plenty of the Fish called Shads, but not like the Shads in England, but of another kind, being a much better sort of Fish; the Inhabitants usually catch quantities, which they salt up, and pack them in Barrels for Winter's Provision.

The Lands from the Capes, to about six Miles above New-Castle (which is by estimation ninety Miles) is for the most part very rich, there being very many navigable Cricks on both sides of the River, and on the River and Cricks are great quantities of rich fat Marsh Land, which causeth those parts, to some fresh People, to be somewhat unhealthful in the latter part of the Summer, at which time some of them have Agues: Also in and near these Marshes, are small Flies, called Musketoes, which are troublesome to such People as are not used to them; but were those Marshes banked, and drained, and then plowed and sowed, some Years with Corn, and then with English Hay-seed, I do suppose it would be healthful, and very little troubled with Musketoes; and if Cattle did commonly feed on this Ground, and tread it as in England, I suppose it

would not be inferior to the rich Meadows on the River of Thames; and were quantities of this Land laid dry, and brought into Tillage, I suppose it would bear great Crops of Wheat, Pease and Barley, Hemp, and Flax, and it would be very fit for Hop-Gardens, and for English Grass, which might serve for rich Pastures or Meadow. Also these Marshes are fit for Rape, and were Rape-Mills built, and the design mannaged, so as it would be if it were in England or Holland, a great Trade might be carried on, and many hundred Tuns of Rape-Oyl might be made yearly, and sent to England, to the Planters inrichment; and not only so, but would be for Merchants advantage, they thereby having Goods to freight their Ships, which would tend to the benefit of the Inhabitants in general.

And if those Trades and Designs are carried on to effect, as are mentioned in this Treatise, there would naturally follow Trade and Imployment for Shipwrights, Boat-wrights, Coopers, Carpenters, Smiths, Ropers, Mariners, Weavers, Butchers, Bakers, Brewers; and many other sorts of Trades would have full Imployment.

From six Miles above New-Castle to the Falls of Delaware (which is about sixty Miles) and so to the Head of the said River, the Water is clear, fresh, and fit for Brewing, or any other use.

The Air clear and good, it being supposed to be as healthful as any part of England.

The Land is in Veins, some good, and some bad,

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