Statistics of labor and industry. Fostering of productive industry of the state, with conditions favorable to employer and employee. The inspection of factories is under a separate department called the department of labor, and has no connection with the bureau of statistics.

NEW YORK

Department of Labor, organized 1883. JOHN WILLIAMS, commissioner, Albany.

Department of labor is divided into four bureaus: Bureau of factory inspection (which includes the inspection of factories, mines, and quarries, and the construction of tunnels and foundations where work is conducted under compressed air pressure); the bureau of statistics of labor; the bureau of mediation and arbitration; and the bureau of mercantile inspection.

NORTH CAROLINA

Bureau of Labor and Printing, organized 1887. M. L. SHIPMAN, commissioner, Raleigh.

Statistics of labor and industry, farm lands, timber lands, and water powers. The commissioner also exercises a general supervision over the state printing. The state has no provision for factory inspection.

NORTH DAKOTA

Department of Agriculture and Labor, organized 1889. W. C. GILBREATH, commissioner, Bismarck.

Statistics of labor and industry; the record of stock brands; supervision of creameries and dairies; the exploitation of the resources of the state; and the publishing of literature thereon.

OHIO

Bureau of Labor Statistics, organized 1877. C. H. WIRMEL, commissioner, Columbus.

Statistics of labor and industry; administration of all free employment offices, and the licensing of private employment agencies.

OKLAHOMA

Department of Labor, organized 1907. CHARLES M. DOUGHERTY, commissioner, Guthrie.

Statistics of labor and industry; enforcement of all laws relating to labor in regard to transportation, mechanical, and manufacturing industries; the supervision of the work of free employment offices and inspection of factories; the licensing of private employment agencies, and the enforcement of all laws relating to the same. The commissioner is required to recommend to the governor the appointment of three of the six members of the State Board of Arbitration and Conciliation, and to act as chairman of that board.

OREGON

Bureau of Labor Statistics and Inspector of Factories and Workshops, organized 1903. O. P. HOFF, commissioner, Salem.

Statistics of labor and manufactures; enforcement of laws relating to the employment of women and children; all laws for the protection of the health, lives, and limbs of operators in workshops, factories, mills, and other places to which the factory inspection laws apply.

PENNSYLVANIA

Bureau of Industrial Statistics, organized 1871. J. L. ROCKEY, chief, Harrisburg.

Statistics of labor, industries, agriculture, mining, commerce, and other business interests of the state. The language of the act establishing the bureau is so broad that the chief feels justified in taking up work never before undertaken which he believes will be highly beneficial to the state. Inspection of factories and mines is under separate departments from the bureau of industrial statistics.

RHODE ISLAND

Bureau of Industrial Statistics, organized 1887. GEORGE H. WEBB, commissioner, Providence.

General References

American Federation of Labor.-Proceedings of Conventions, 1881-1909. 9 vols. (Reissue.) Pantagraph Co., Bloomington, Ill., 1905-09.

Annual Library Index Publisher's Weekly, N. Y.

1909.

Univ. of Chicago Press, 1910. HASSE, A.-Index to Economic Material in the Documents of the States. Carnegie Institution, Washington, 1907. Index has been printed for Cal., Ill., Ky., Me., Mass., N. H., N. Y., R. I., Vt. International Institute of Bibliography.

Bibliographia Economica Universalis. Annual. Brussels, 1902 to date. Internationales Institut für Sozial-Bibliographie in Berlin. Bibliography of Social Science. Annual, 1906 to date. Dresden, Boehmert.

Journal of Political Economy.

Bibliog

Cost of Living and Prices. Select List
of References. Library of Congress,
1910.
CHAPIN,
R. C.-Standard of Living
among Workingmen's Families in New
York City. N. Y., 1909.

Mass. Commission on the Cost of Liv-
ing. Report, 1910. Boston, 1910.
U. S. Senate. Select Committee on
Wages and Prices of Commodities.
Report, 1910.

Wholesale Prices, 1890 to March, 1910.
U. S. Bur. Lab. Bull. 87.

Wholesale Prices in Canada 1890-1909.
Canada. Dept. of Labor. Special
Rep. by R. H. Coats. Ottawa, 1910.
Liability and Insurance
Employer's Liability.
References. Library
1906.

Workingmen's Insurance.

References. Library 1908.

Select List of of Congress,

Select List of of Congress,

CLARK, L. D.-Employer's Liability and Workmen's Compensation in the U. S. U. S. Bur. Lab. Bull. 90, 1910.

Education

Law. N. Y., Char. Pub. Comm. 1910.

FRANKEL and DAWSON.-Workingmen's Insurance in Europe. N. Y., Char. Pub. Comm., 1910.

HARD. Injured in the Course of Duty. N. Y., 1910.

HENDERSON.-Industrial Insurance in the U. S. Univ. of Chicago Press, 1909. LEWIS.-State Insurance. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin, 1909.

Mass. Commission on Old Age Pensions, etc. Report. Boston, 1910.

N. Y. (State) Commission on Employers'
Liability, etc. Report, Albany, 1910.
SEAGER, H. R.-Social insurance.
millan, 1910.

Mac

tion.

ELLIOTT, E. C.-Industrial Education.

Summary of

Wis., 1909.

nals, Jan., 1909.

Bur. Lab. 24th An. Rep., 1909. Industrial Accidents

Legislation. Madison,

Amer. Acad. An

men.

Industrial Education.

Mass. Commission on Ind. and Tech. Education. Reports, 1906-08. 3 vols.

U. S.

BARNETT.-Accidental Injuries to WorkLondon, Rebman, 1909. HOFFMAN, F. L.-Fatal Accidents In Coal Mining in N. A. U. S. Bur. Lab. Bull. 90, 1910.

[An effort is made to show, in outline, the present status of social work in the fields indicated, to serve as a

point of departure for the future discussion of yearly progress.]

It has long been recognized that measures for the relief of misery, the cure of insanity, and the punishment of crime are at best only palliative, and that prevention is the only effective means to check the growing tide of pauperism, vice, and crime; and it is gradually being discovered that preventive measures must go farther back than was formerly supposed. Such measures must reach the springs of heredity, the remote conditions of environment, the hidden sources of physical and moral disease. The recog nition of this fact has led to diligent and scientific study of social questions by various agencies, some of which will be outlined.

Conferences.-1. The National Conference of Charities and Correction, organized in 1874, meets annually in different cities of the United States and Canada. Its discussions cover the entire field of charities, philanthropy, and correction, and are carried on in general sessions and section meetings. The conference adopts no platforms, but offers an open arena for the consideration of the problems of charity and correction, publishes its discussions, and leaves them to produce their own effects. The powerful influence of the conference upon the public and private agencies of the United States is universally admitted. The conference of 1910 was held in St.

The account of the International Prison Congress is contributed by O. F. Lewis. Secretary of the Prison Association of New York.

Louis; president, Miss Jane Addams, of Chicago; attendance about 1,200. Johnson, Fort Wayne, Ind. The pubThe general secretary is Alexander lished proceedings of the conference are the great source of information

on charities and correction.

Their

contents are made available for reference by the Guide to Study of Charities and Correction, published in 1908.

2. State conferences of charities and

correction have been organized in many states. They discuss similar subjects and follow like principles with the National Conference of Char

ities and Correction. The state con

ferences of Ohio, Indiana, and Massachusetts are especially active.

3. The National Conference on Backward, Truant, Dependent and Delinquent Children, meets annually at the same place with the National Conference of Charities and Correction. It brings together representatives of juvenile reformatories, orphan asylums, and other institutions for dependent children, representatives of It dischild-helping societies, etc. cusses the concrete problems of delinquent, dependent, and defective childhood.

4. Problems of prevention, correction, and charities are studied incidentally by numerous national and state organizations, such as the American Social Science Association, the Association of Medical Superintendents of Hospitals for the Insane, the National Mothers' Congress, the National Education Association, etc.

Preventive Societies.-The prevention of dependency, delinquency, and defectiveness is promoted by numerous societies organized for the purpose: