PREFACE. THE idea of a League of Nations has now taken firm root. The spade-work has been done. Leading statesmen of every country, in eloquent and glowing words, have proclaimed their adherence to the movement for its constitution after the war. It has extorted even the tribute paid to vice-hypocrisy. The seed has been sown. What manner of fruit it will bear will depend upon the knowledge and patience and care with which it is tended in its early growth. The first task that lay upon those who believed that, through the co-operation of civilized States within a League, the world might win some respite from war and the threat of war, was to evangelize-to hammer away at their theme and announce their belief, in season and out of season, until a great body of opinion took shape, touched with their enthusiasm and filled Preface with their faith. Both the objects at which the League aims and the efficacy of the League to attain those aims now meet with a wide (if not a general) acceptance. The first task is accomplished. The The French say that our whole career de pends upon our first step. But in the case of a League of Nations mere acceptance of the principle will not in itself guarantee success. foundations must be truly laid. That can only be if the statesmen of the world bring to bear all the knowledge and ability of which they are possessed in settling the constitution of the League. Hitherto, with the exception of President Wilson, the statesmen have necessarily been so pre-occupied with the effective prosecution of the war that they have had little time or energy to consider the details of international reorganization. They have been as studiously vague as they have been eloquent in all their statements on the subject. Even the men to whose enthusiasm the movement owes its strength have been so concerned to gain acceptance of the general principle that they have devoted relatively little consideration to parti |