Whereas Sand Island is now on the Washington side of the point in the river where the north channel of the river was when the island was originally ceded to the United States and that it is a shifting, changing mass of sand above high-tide water and has never been used by the United States for military purposes; and

Whereas since the cession of said island to the United States, previous to 1905, the citizens of the State of Washington and of the State of Oregon did secure fishing licenses from their respective States for the use of said island as a public fishing ground and did use said island as a public fishing ground; and

Whereas beginning in the year 1905 the War Department asserted control over said island, advertised for bids for the privilege of fishing thereon, and did issue licenses to fish thereon for various terms of years and for various monetary considerations, and has ever since that time asserted control, advertised for similar bids, and issued licenses and permits for monetary considerations; and

Whereas the United States has received from various licensees and permittees for the privilege of fishing on Sand Island from the year 1905 to and including the year 1927 the sum of $: Now, therefore,

Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, authorized to pay to the bureau of fisheries of the State of Washington out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, one-half the sum of $- and the other one-half of said sum of $ to the State fish commission of the State of Oregon in full satisfaction of all claims for money had and received by the United States from the issuance or sale of fishing licenses, leases, or permits on Sand Island in the entrance to the Columbia River: Provided, That previous to the payment of said sum of money to the bureau of fisheries of the State of Washington and the State fish commission of the State of Oregon, as aforesaid, the supervisor of fisheries and the Governor of the State of Washington and the chairman of the State fish commission and the Governor of the State of Oregon shall sign a joint stipulation to the Treasury of the United States that all of said money will be expended jointly by them within five years after the date of payment thereof to the bureau of fisheries of the State of Washington and the State fish commission of the State of Oregon in the propagation and protection of fish in the Columbia River and its tributaries; and, too, that on and after April 1, 1929, the Secretary of War shall cease to issue fishing licenses for the use of Sand Island, if previous to that date the supervisor of fisheries of the State of Washington and the chairman of the State fish commission of the State of Oregon shall agree to issue licenses jointly for the use of Sand Island as a fishing ground and shall stipulate in said agreement with the Secretary of War that all fees received for said licenses shall be expended jointly by them for the propagation and protection of fish in the Columbia River and also that one-half of said licenses shall be issued to the citizens of the State of Washington and one-half of said licenses to the citizens of the State of Oregon, unless and except in case that a sufficient number of citizens of either State fail to make application for said licenses previous to an annual date to be fixed by them: Provided, That said supevisor of fisheries of the State of Washington and the chairman of the State fish commission of the State of Oregon shall make and enforce jointly all regulations for fishing on Sand Island: And provided further, That in time of war or in case said supervisor of fisheries of the State of Washington or the chairman of the State fish commission of the State of Oregon shall fail to carry out the agreement with the Secretary of War, as hereinbefore provided, the Secretary of War shall take control of the fishing rights on Sand Island and shall report said action to Congress within 30 days.

Mr. DILL. Mr. President, this island was ceded by the State of Oregon to the United States during the Civil War for military purposes. The swirling waters of the Columbia have shifted this mass of sand across the river until it is now on the north side of the channel, which was formerly on the north side of the island. This mass of sand called an island has moved like a sand dune on the desert.

The War Department has never used it for military purposes. It has been used entirely for fishing purposes. There has been collected more than $400,000 for fishing license fees. This money is in the Treasury of the United States. It should be used for the propagation of fish in the Columbia River by the fisheries departments of the States of Washington and Oregon. It was collected because of the fish in the river and should be

used to perpetuate the fish there. That is the purpose of the legislation. I hope to have the bill considered by the Public Lands Committee within a few days and have it reported favorably to the Senate.

BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION INTRODUCED

Bills and a joint resolution were introduced, read the first time, and, by unanimous consent, the second time, and referred as follows:

By Mr. FLETCHER:

A bill (S. 4397) granting a pension to Frances McLeod; to the Committee on Pensions.

By Mr. GREENE:

A bill (S. 4398) granting an increase of pension to Sarah Stanley (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on Pensions.

By Mr. THOMAS:

A bill (S. 4399) granting an increase of pension to Marguerite W. Houston; to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. GILLETT:

A bill (S. 4400) for the relief of Peter Joseph Sliney; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

By Mr. TYDINGS:

A bill (S. 4401) authorizing Elmer J. Cook (his heirs, legal representatives, and assigns), to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across Bear Creek at or near Lovel Point, Baltimore County, Md., and a point opposite in Baltimore County, Md.; to the Committee on Commerce.

A bill (S. 4402) authorizing the Secretary of the Navy to assign to the Chief of Naval Operations the public quarters originally constructed for the Superintendent of the Naval Observatory in the District of Columbia; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

By Mr. MOSES:

A bill (S. 4403) granting a pension to John H. Glynn (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. NEELY:

A bill (S. 4404) granting a pension to Benjamin F. Jackson; to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. VANDENBERG:

A bill (S. 4405) authorizing the Detroit River Canadian Bridge Co., its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Detroit River at or near Stony Island, Wayne County, State of Michigan; to the Committee on Commerce.

By Mr. BARKLEY:

A bill (S. 4406) to provide for the establishment of the Fort Boonesboro national monument in the State of Kentucky, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Public Lands and Surveys.

By Mr. FESS:

A bill (S. 4407) to amend section 5, subsection C, of the act of March 3, 1923, entitled “An act establishing standard grades of naval stores, preventing deception in transactions in naval stores, regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes"; to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry.

A bill (S. 4408) for the relief of the legal representatives of Cobb, Blasdell & Co.; to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. REED of Pennsylvania:

A bill (S. 4409) to promote labor and industry in the United States by expanding in the foreign field the service now rendered by the United States Department of Labor in acquiring and diffusing useful information regarding labor and industry, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Education and Labor.

By Mr. BLACK:

A bill (S. 4410) granting a pension to Julia T. Goodhue; to the Committee on Pensions.

By Mr. BLEASE:

A joint resolution (S. J. Res. 146) to provide for reports to the Congress on the employment in the classified civil service of members of the same family; to the Committee on Civil Service.

CHANGE OF REFERENCE

On motion of Mr. FESS, the Committee on the Library was discharged from the further consideration of the bill (H. R. 9965) to erect a tablet or marker to mark the site of the Battle of Kettle Creek, in Wilkes County, Ga., where, on February 14, 1779, Elijah Clarke, of Georgia, and Colonel Pickens, of South Carolina, overtook the Tories under Colonel Boyd, killing him and many of his followers, thus ending British dominion in Georgia, and it was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

AMENDMENT TO TAX REDUCTION BILL

Mr. COPELAND submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him to House bill 1, the tax reduction bill, which was ordered to lie on the table and to be printed.

CONTROL OF AIRCRAFT FOR SEACOAST DEFENSE

On motion of Mr. BINGHAM, the concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 11) to investigate the problem of the control of aircraft for seacoast defense, was taken from the calendar and referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate.

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE

A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Haltigan, one of its clerks, transmitted to the Senate the resolutions

The message announced that the House had passed without amendment the following bills of the Senate:

S. 2978. An act authorizing the Secretary of War to donate certain buildings to the city of Tucson, Ariz.; and

S. 3824. An act to correct the descriptions of land comprising the Bryce Canyon National Park, as contained in the act approved June 7, 1924, entitled "An act to establish the Utah National Park in the State of Utah," and the act approved February 25, 1928, entitled "An act to change the name of the Utah National Park, the establishment of which is provided for by the act of Congress approved June 7, 1924 (43 Stat, 593), to the 'Bryce Canyon National Park,' and for other purposes.'

The message also announced that the House insisted upon its amendment to the bill (S. 1609) recognizing the heroic conduct, devotion to duty, and skill on the part of the officers and crews of the U. S. S. Republic, American Trader, President Roosevelt, President Harding, and the British steamship Cameronia, and for other purposes, disagreed to by the Senate; agreed to the conference requested by the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and that Mr. WHITE of Maine, Mr. LEHLBACH, and Mr. DAVIS were appointed managers on the part of the House at the conference.

The message further announced that the House insisted upon its amendment to the joint resolution (S. J. Res. 23) providing for the participation of the United States in the celebration in 1929 and 1930 of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the conquest of the Northwest Territory by Gen. George Rogers Clark and his army, and authorizing an appropriation for the construction of a permanent memorial of the Revolutionary War in the West, and of the accession of the old Northwest to the United States on the site of Fort Sackville, which was captured by George Rogers Clark and his men February 25, 1779, disagreed to by Senate; agreed to the conference requested by the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and that Mr. LUCE, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. DAVENPORT, Mr. GILBERT, and Mr. BULWINKLE were appointed managers on the part of the House at the conference.

The message also announced that the House had passed the following bill and joint resolution of the Senate, each with an amendment, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate:

S. 2910. An act granting to the State of South Dakota for park purposes the public lands within the Custer State Park, S. Dak.; and

S. J. Res. 135. Joint resolution making an emergency appropriation for flood protection on White River, Ark.

The message further announced that the House had passed the following bills of the Senate, severally with amendments, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate:

S. 750. An act to amend the act entitled "An act for making further and more effectual provision for the national defense, and for other purposes," approved June 3, 1916, as amended, and for other purposes;

S. 757. An act to extend the benefits of certain acts of Congress to the Territory of Hawaii;

S. 3571. An act granting the consent of Congress to the County Court of Roane County, Tenn., to construct a bridge across the Emory River at Suddaths Ferry, in Roane County, Tenn.; and

S. 3598. An act authorizing Dupo Bridge Co., a Missouri corporation, its successors and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a combined highway and railroad bridge across the Mississippi River at or near Carondelet, Mo.

The message also announced that the House had passed the following bills and concurrent resolutions, in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate:

H. R. 5826. An act authorizing the Secretary of the Navy, in his discretion, to deliver to the custody of the Louisiana State Museum, of the city of New Orleans, La., the silver bell in use on the cruiser New Orleans;

H. R. 10649. An act providing for the transfer of a portion of the military reservation known as Camp Sherman, Ohio, to the Department of Justice;

H. R. 10951. An act authorizing H. L. McKee, his heirs, legal representatives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across Lake Sabine at or near Port Arthur, Tex.; H. R. 11273. An act to amend section 127a, national defense act, as amended and approved June 4, 1920;

H. R. 11580. An act to authorize the leasing or sale of land reserved for administrative purposes on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Mont.;

H. R. 11724. An act to provide for the paving of the Government road, known as the Ringgold Road, extending from Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, in the State of

H. R. 11981. An act to authorize officers of the Medical Corps to account certain service in computing their rights for retirement, and for other purposes;

H. R. 12067. An act to set aside certain lands for the Chippewa Indians in the State of Minnesota;

H. R. 12235. An act authorizing B. F. Peek, G. A. Shallberg, and C. I. Josephson, of Moline, Ill.; J. W. Bettendorf, A. J. Russell, and J. L. Hecht, of Bettendorf and Davenport, Iowa, their heirs, legal representatives, and assigns, to construct, maintain, and operate a bridge across the Mississippi River at or near Tenth Street in Bettendorf, State of Iowa;

H. R. 12354. An act to grant to the city of Leominster, Mass., an easement over certain Government property;

H. R. 12446. An act to approve a deed of conveyance of certain land in the Seneca oil spring reservation, New York;

H. R. 12479. An act authorizing the sale of all of the interest and rights of the United States of America in the Columbia Arsenal property, situated in the ninth civil district of Maury County, Tenn., and providing that the net fund be deposited in the military post construction fund;

H. R. 13032. An act to amend the act of February 8, 1895, entitled "An act to regulate navigation on the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters";

H. R. 13037. An act to amend section 1, rule 2, rule 3, subdivision (e), and rule 9 of an act to regulate navigation on the Great Lakes and their connecting and tributary waters, enacted February 8. 1895 (ch. 64, 28 Stat. L. sec. 645);

H. R. 13383. An act to provide for a five-year construction and maintenance program for the United States Bureau of Fisheries; H. R. 13481. An act granting the consent of Congress to the Alabama State Bridge Corporation to construct, maintain, and operate bridges across the Tennessee, Tombigbee. Warrior, Alabama, and Coosa Rivers, within the State of Alabama;

H. Con. Res. 30. Concurrent resolution to provide for the printing of additional copies of the hearings held before the Committee on the District of Columbia of the House of Representatives on bills relative to capital punishment in the District of Columbia; and

H. Con. Res. 33. Concurrent resolution to print and bind the proceedings in Congress, together with the proceedings at the unveiling in Statuary Hall of the statue of President Andrew Jackson presented by the State of Tennessee.

WHEAT RATES

Mr. McNARY. Mr. President, I ask ananimous consent to have printed in the RECORD two very thoughtful and informative editorials published in the Pendleton East Oregonian, entitled "Our wheat rates too high."

The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordered. The editorials are as follows:

[Editorial of May 1, 1928]

OUR WHEAT RATES TOO HIGH

Canadian railroads haul wheat from Winnipeg to Port Arthur, Ontario, for 14 cents per hundred weight, the distance being 424 miles whereas the rate from Pendleton to Portland, a distance of 218 miles, is 18% cents a hundred. The Canadian rate is 42 cents a hundred lower than our rate yet the distance in Canada is approximately twice as far as from here to Portland. From Heppner to Portland, a distance of 196 miles, the rate is 22% cents, whereas in Canada the rate from Drydon, Ontario, to Port Arthur, a distance of 215 miles, is 12 cents, Heppner farmers pay a rate that is 10% cents higher than the rate charged for a greater distance in Canada.

As shown by the following table provided by the Oregon Public Service Commission, the rates from Canadian points to Port Arthur are invariably lower than the American rates and sometimes less than half the rates paid by farmers in this country:

Rates on wheat earloads for export and domestic shipment (see note) in cents per 100 pounds

[Editorial of May 1, 1928]

OUR WHEAT RATES TOO HIGH

Wheat freight rates are much lower in Canada than in the United States, according to schedules secured by this paper from the Oregon public service commission. In many cases the Canadian rates are less than half the rates prevailing in this country.

But the rates from American points to Duluth are also lower than the rates from our interior country to Portland. The wheat rate from Heppner, Condon, and Shaniko to Portland is 222 cents whereas the rate to Duluth from points comparable as to distance are but 13% and 14 cents. That means that our friends in Morrow, Gilliam, and Sherman Counties pay vastly more in freight charges than do the Minnesota farmers who ship to Duluth from about the same distance. Pendleton farmers pay 18% cents for shipping their wheat from this point to Portland while from Lake Park, Minn., to Duluth, virtually the same distance as from here to Portland, the rate charged is only 141⁄2 cents.

The following table provided by the public service commission shows a comparison between the rates charged to Portland and to Duluth from points of approximate distance.

As will be noted, the table above shows that the rate from Lake Park to Duluth is 4 cents lower than the rate from Pendleton to Portland. Since Pendleton is a main-line point and has a water-grade rate to Portland, why this differential?

The freight cost is borne by the grower and is deducted from the price paid him for his wheat. If Umatilla County farmers pay 4 cents a hundred more than they should for the hauling of their wheat to tidewater, they lose around $125,000 a year. That is a large sum and if our farmers were required to subscribe that amount each year for a useless purpose they would complain seriously because of the burden. The East Oregonian is inclined to the belief they are making just such a donation. Read the schedules and judge for yourself.

LEON P. CHESLEY

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. Mr. President, I have an embarrassing statement to make to the Senate. Last night when we were considering the Spanish War veterans' pension bill I offered an amendment, which will be found on page 8098 of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, in behalf of Leon P. Chesley. I made the statement that he is a Civil War veteran and completely disabled. I find this morning that that is partially incorrect.

He is a Spanish War veteran. The statement that he is hopelessly disabled was true. He is unable to work at all and for that reason the $50 pension was suggested, but he is not, as I stated, a Civil War veteran. I am willing to ask unanimous consent, if any Senator desires, for a reconsideration of the bill and the striking out of the amendment, but I do not want to have it remain in the bill under false pretenses.

Mr. KING. Mr. President, has the matter been before the committee and was there favorable action on it?

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. It was before the committee, but the committee did not include it in its report. I believe that was because he is a Spanish War veteran.

Mr. KING. In view of the fact that there will be many applications of the same character and the matter is before the committee, I think it should go back to the committee.

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. Then I ask unanimous consent that the vote by which the bill was ordered to a third reading and passed be reconsidered, the amendment rejected, and the bill passed without the amendment.

Mr. BRUCE. Mr. President, what bill is it to which the

Senator refers?

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. A pension bill for veterans of other wars than the Civil War.

Mr. BRUCE. And not a special pension bill?

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. It is an omnibus pension bill. When it was under consideration I offered the amendment and in support of it made the statement I have explained. Now, I ask unanimous consent that the votes by which the bill was ordered to a third reading and passed may be reconsidered and that the amendment may be reconsidered. It is a deserving

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania.

Certainly.

Mr. JOHNSON. If it is a deserving case, and if it ought to be provided for, why should we, because of an innocently erroneous statement made by the Senator from Pennsylvania last night, which he now corrects, go to the trouble of reconsidering the bill? The whole question with me would rest upon whether it ought to be done and whether or not the man is deserving. If he is, why not let the matter rest as it is?

Mr KING. It relates to a different kind of case from those which we were considering. The committee will have other cases of a similar character, and I would like a policy to be laid down by the committee.

Mr. JOHNSON. Here is a man disabled.
Mr. KING. Let the committee pass upon it.

Mr. JOHNSON. It is not my bill and I have no interest in it except from the statement made. My sympathy is entirely with the individual who is disabled and to whom the pension would be paid. I wish it were possible under these circumstances to permit the bill to stand with the provision suggested.

Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator from Pennsylvania whether the case properly belongs in the bill? Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. Yes; this is the appropriate bill for the amendment to be in if it is to go in at all.

Mr. BINGHAM. Has the committee considered the bill at all?

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. The private pension bill was introduced by me and referred to the committee, and they took no action upon it. Therefore I presented the case in the form of an amendment last night.

Mr. BINGHAM. The committee have already considered the case?

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. Apparently they have not; at least they have taken no action. The Senate approved of the case on an incorrect statement made by me, and I can not afford to have the Senate feel that I do not make correct statements. Mr. CARAWAY. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. Certainly.

Mr. CARAWAY. Of course no one would suspect that. It would have gone in just as easily if the Senator had been correct about the war in which the man served. I am hopeful that the Senator from Utah will withdraw his objection.

LXIX-515

Mr. KING. The only point I have in mind is that the amendment will necessitate the bill going back to the House again, whereas if it is not in we will pass the bill without it.

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. The Senate committee put on a lot of amendments which will have to be considered by the House.

Mr. KING. If that is true, I have no objection.

Mr. BRATTON. Mr. President, as a member of the committee, though not speaking for other members of the committee, I hope the vote will not be reconsidered and that we will let the passage of the bill last night stand.

Mr. KING. I have no objection, but I thought the amendment would require the bill to go back to the House and would delay procedure.

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. No; not at all.

Mr. KING. Then I have no objection.

Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I do not understand that the committee to which the bill was referred ever made an adverse report or took adverse action on the amendment; they just did not reach it.

Mr. REED of Pennsylvania. They did not do anything with it.

Mr. FLETCHER. I think it ought to pass.

Mr. NORRIS. Mr. President, inasmuch as it seems to be conceded that the man is entitled to a pension and that his item is properly in the bill, and also conceded that the committee had not acted in the case or had not reached it and therefore had taken no adverse action, and some of the members of the committee think it a just provision, I think the way out is not to reconsider anything, and therefore I object to the granting of the request made by the Senator from Pennsyl

vania.

The VICE PRESIDENT. Objection is made.

INCOME-TAX DECISION

Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have inserted in the RECORD an editorial from the Grand

Rapids Herald entitled "Tax tyranny."

There being no objection, the editorial was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

TAX TYRANNY

The decision of the United States Board of Tax Appeals in favor of Senator COUZENS, of Michigan, terminates the most spectacular tax litigation in American history. It does not terminate the repercussions. These will be heard for many a day and year to come. Whether one agrees with Senator COUZENS in all of his Mellon warfare or not it seems to the Herald that no impartial study of the facts can justify the warfare which the Treasury itself has conducted against Senator COUZENS or can do other than sustain yesterday's verdict.

The very nature and circumstance of the dispute put the Treasury Department in unfortunate and untenable posture from the start. Here was an effort to revise an old assessment made on values fixed by the Government itself in the matter of COUZENS'S sale of Ford stock. Here was an effort to collect $10,000,000 in back taxes against one citizen after this citizen long since had paid in full on the basis originally dictated by the Treasury itself. Thirty-one different bureaus and departments of the Government had rendered 63 separate and distinct decisions validating this original basis and approving the original assessment. In all common sense and all decency, as between a citizen and his government, this cumulative decision should have been conclusive and final.

But this did not happen in the COUZENS case. Instead, another decision finally overturned all these others. This subsequent decision, furthermore, was made within eight hours after Senator COUZENS launched his initial attack upon conditions in the Internal Revenue Department. Perhaps this was only a strange and fortuitous and unhappy coincidence, as the Treasury, of course, insists. But even the Treasury must admit that the coincidence could invite suspicion. There is a resolution pending in the Senate to investigate this latter hypothesis, which, of course, if true would be insufferable tyranny. Intimidation or reprisal would be a dangerous weapon in the hands of so powerful an agency as the Treasury. Whether this hypothesis be warranted or not, the whole story discloses an extremely dangerous possibility of the use of governmental power. A citizen less wealthy than Senator COUZENS would be ruined by such an experience long before a tax board could come to his relief. A citizen less pugnacious than Senator COUZENS would have been driven to composition and surrender.

The Government should take a lesson from the COUZENS case. It should be bound by its own decisions. It should give every honest citizen the benefit of the doubt. So far as this particular issue is concerned, Senator COUZENS has not been fighting for himself alone. has rendered his country a useful service.

SHOOTING OF JACOB D. HANSEN

He

Mr. COPELAND. Mr. President, I send to the desk a letter, which I ask may be read by the clerk.

United States Senate, Washington, D. C. DEAR SIR: We desire to call your attention to the murderous assault committed on Jacob D. Hansen by two members of the United States Coast Guard Service situated at or near Fort Niagara.

When driving his automobile up the Lewiston Hill, just outside of this city, at about 3 o'clock on the morning of May 6 he was called upon to stop by a man in the road. This man was dressed in overalls and a sheepskin coat. Mr. Hansen did not stop and the man fired several shots at him. There was another man stationed farther up the hill dressed in the same kind of clothes, and as Mr. Hansen approached this man he fired a great many times at the car, which was approaching him, and one of the bullets struck Mr. Hansen in the right temple, put out both of his eyes, fractured his skull in several places, and lodged in the back of his head. Mr. Hansen is at the point of death and, as we are informed, will probably die within a short time. Even if he should recover, he will be totally blind.

Mr. Hansen is the secretary of the local lodge of Elks and is a prominent and respected citizen of this city.

In the interests of the public of this community generally it seems to us that an investigation of this matter should be ordered and that the man who fired the shots, if Mr. Hansen dies, should pay the penalty prescribed by law for murder in the first degree.

No law-abiding citizen is safe on the roads in and about the Niagara frontier so long as these men of the Coast Guard are allowed to hold up a car in the nighttime by shooting at the occupants thereof without any information whatsoever as to the character of the occupants of the car.

We hope that you will do whatever you can in your official capacity toward curbing these practices by the Coast Guard men and toward bringing the perpetrators of this crime to justice.

Very truly yours,

WALLACE & ORR.

Mr. COPELAND. Mr. President, what committee of the Senate has charge of matters concerning the United States Coast Guard?

The VICE PRESIDENT. The Committee on Commerce. Mr. COPELAND. I ask that this letter be referred to the Committee on Commerce, and the committee requested to have an explanation made of this terrible situation.

In this connection I send forward an article from the New York Sun giving more details of this murderous attack upon this citizen and ask that it be printed in the RECORD, and that the whole matter be referred to the Committee on Commerce with a request for an early report.

The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordered. The matter referred to is as follows:

[From the New York Sun of Monday, May 7, 1928] DRY SPIES ADMIT MOTOR SHOOTING-VICTIM, PROMINENT ELK, IN SERIOUS CONDITION-UPSTATE FEELING RUNS HIGH-GUARDS SAY THEY WERE TRYING TO HALT CAR

NIAGARA FALLS, May 7.-The condition of Jacob D. Hanson, shot by United States Coast Guard men when he failed to stop his car on Lewiston Hill early Sunday morning, was unchanged to-day. Hanson has a bullet wound in the head, and physicians say if he recovers he probably will be blind. Hanson is secretary of the local lodge of Elks. The shooting occurred within a stone's throw of the city's exclusive residential section at Lewiston Heights, and the road over which Hanson was traveling is a main highway leading to the summer homes of many Niagara Falls and Buffalo residents along the lower Niagara and Lake Ontario shores.

The two men held in the shooting-Glenn Jennings and Chris Dew, Coast Guard men-have admitted the shooting. Jennings fired the shot which wounded Hanson. Assistant District Attorney Edmund D. O'Brien made public to-day statements which Dew and Jennings had made to him.

According to the two Coast Guard men's version of the shooting, as given to the assistant district attorney, they had been assigned to duty on the hill by their superior officers, with instructions to stop and search any cars suspected of carrying contraband liquor.

Dew was stationed at the curve in the road under the overhead crossing of the New York Central Railroad tracks and Jennings was farther up the hill near the next curve in the road.

VERSION OF ONE OF THEM

Dew said that he saw the Hanson car approaching up the hill at what he claimed to be a high rate of speed, and as it rounded the first curve under the bridge he stepped in front of the car with a gun in one hand and a flashlight in the other, which he waved in a signal for the machine to stop. He said that the car increased its speed and he was forced to jump to the side of the road to avoid being struck;

then, according to his statement, he fired four shots into the bank on the opposite side of the road in an effort to frighten the driver.

Jennings, who had seen what was taking place farther down the hill, stepped into the road, he said, with the idea of crippling the car by firing into the engine and forcing it to stop. He said that he fired five shots as the car approached and while it was passing the point where he stood. He fired one shot after the car had passed. He said that he then saw the car strike the curb and slide along, coming to a stop approximately 100 feet from where it struck. He did not know that any of his shots had taken effect and ran to the car and saw that the man was injured.

FEELING RUNS HIGH

BUFFALO, May 7.-Feeling in western New York runs high to-day against two Coast Guard men held on a charge of shooting Hanson. Hanson was returning to the Falls after taking a party of friends to Lewiston following their attendance at the silver-jubilee celebration of the North Tonawanda Lodge of Elks. The Coast Guard men, clad in overalls and sheepskin jackets, came upon him on the Lewiston hill. Suspecting he was a rum runner they commanded him to stop.

EASILY PASSED FOR THUGS

From the rather nondescript appearance of the pair, Hanson apparently thought they were highwaymen. He tried to speed away. The guardsmen fired several shots. One went through the windshield and entered the driver's right temple. The car ran into the rocky bank and stopped.

Clarence R. Runnals, prominent Falls attorney, said to-day one of the Coast Guard men aroused him at daybreak and asked permission to use the telephone to call an ambulance. The man's appearance was so disreputable, he said, that he forced the stranger to remain outside and locked the door while he summoned the conveyance himself.

PLAN INDIGNATION MEETING

Citizens generally at the Falls are aroused. The management of one theater has offered the Elks the use of its house for an indignation meeting to-night to protest against the shooting of innocent citizens by Federal men. Stories of other shootings at motorists are freely circulated. Several lawyers who are members of the Elks in Niagara Falls and Buffalo have offered their services gratis to see that justice is done. Wealthy members of the order in western New York have offered financial aid to bring Jennings and Dew before the courts. Hanson is one of the most widely known men in Niagara Falls. is unmarried.

SPEECH BY HON. ROBERT F. WAGNER ON UNEMPLOYMENT

He

Mr. TYDINGS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have inserted in the RECORD a speech on unemployment by the junior Senator from New York [Mr. WAGNER], delivered over WRC May 8, 1928.

The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it will be so ordered.

The matter referred to is here printed, as follows:

To my mind the elimination of unemployment is a Federal task in a class with flood control and national defense. Fundamentally, it is a business question that has nothing to do with politics. We know that every so often, in fact six times within the past 35 years (1893, 1903, 1908, 1914, 1921, and 1927) we suffer depressions which shut down our factories and our mines, slacken our transportation systems, and reduce the volume of building and trade. We also know that on every one of those occasions millions of workmen are thrown out of work through no apparent fault of their own. Soon enough their savings are exhausted, their resources gone, and they are compelled to undergo the shame and degradation of applying for relief. How long they suffer in silent misery, going without the most elementary needs, is known to everyone who has taken an interest in their plight.

If you have ever knocked at one factory gate after another without gaining admittance, if you have ever stared at a sign "No men wanted," and felt that it was written especially to you, if you have tramped the city streets hour after hour without seeing a single doorway which meant welcome to you, and through which you could step to work and wages, if you have done any of these, then you have experienced the emptiness of heart, the drooping of the lips, the sinking of the knees, and the stooping of the shoulders of the man without a job.

Right now we have in this country a vast number of these men and women who are ready, able, and anxious to work to multiply the fabulous wealth of this Nation, but opportunity is denied them. They are treated as outcasts of industry. To me they present a very depressing yet a challenging picture. I can imagine them lined up in a single file reaching from the White House to Kansas City, and their wives and children stretching the line beyond to the Golden Gate of California. I do not mean to use figures of speech. The line of job hunters I have projected is a very real one for we have now mobilized a huge standing army of over 4,000,000 men and women who can not find work.