1. The rain descended.

The floods came.

The winds blew.

2. The frost killed the leaves.

The rain loosened their hold upon the boughs.
They floated silently to the earth.

The snow covered them with its white mantle.

3. His fevered brow grew cool again. He breathed a blessing on the rain.

4. It was the month of November.
The sun shone warm and bright.

5. The door was softly opened.
A little girl peeped in.
She quickly ran away again.

6. The night grows dark.

Thick drops patter on the pane.

7. The men could not go sailing. A storm had arisen.

8. A soft answer turneth away wrath. Grievous words stir up anger.

9. Master books.

Do not let books master you.

10. The cork tree grows to a height of forty feet. Its trunk is from two to three feet in diameter

11. There was a strange look in his eyes. He was very merry.

12. Conceit may puff a man up.

It will never prop him up.

Analysis of the Compound Sentence

EXERCISE 36.-In accordance with the model, analyze the following sentences, and name each ele

ment:

The commanders arranged their men, and the battle began immediately.

rain

1. The child nestled in the corner, and the wind blew the away from her.

2. The cattle are quietly feeding in the pastures, and the people are resting in their pleasant homes.

3. The mountain slopes of Switzerland are covered with vineyards, and pleasant villages fill the valleys.

4. Men may come and men may go,

But I go on forever.

5. I love my wife, I love my friend, I love my children three.

MAX. SCH. GRAM. —5

6. Now the lost has found a home,

And a lone hearth shall brighter burn.

7. We enjoyed our walk, although the rain fell fast.
8. The wind was blowing over the moors,

But the sun shone bright upon the heather.

9. The storm had cleared the air, and a heavenly calm had followed.

10. A torn jacket is soon mended; but hard words bruise the heart of a child.

11. No animals are commoner than spiders; we find them everywhere.

12. Corn will grow and cherries will ripen when the south wind begins to blow.

13. Mount thy good steed, and thou and I

Will meet him on his way.

14. Fair Science frowned not on his humble birth,

And melancholy marked him for her own.

15. Cease to do evil; learn to do well.

V. ETYMOLOGY

Etymology treats of the classification, inflection, and formation of words.

For a brief treatment of the formation of words, see pages 284-305.

According to their use in the sentence, all the words in our language are arranged in eight classes, called parts of speech. These are,

DEFINITION.-A noun is a word used as the name of something: Washington, Charles; horse, tree; committee, assembly; happiness, truth.

CLASSES OF NOUNS

In the sentence, The Hudson is a large river, two words, Hudson and river, are names of the same object, and, both being names, they are nouns. But there is a difference in their meaning. The name river is a term that is applied to any body of water answering a certain description. The name Hudson,

on the other hand, is given to a single river to distinguish it from all other bodies of water of the same kind. It belongs to one particular river.

The names Hudson and river are examples of the two chief classes into which nouns are divided. These classes are: proper nouns and common nouns.

DEFINITION.-A proper noun is a name that belongs only to some particular person, place, or thing; as, Hudson, John, Tuesday.

The word proper is derived from the Latin proprius, meaning one's own.

The same proper name is sometimes given to more than one individual of a class. Thus, there are many Johns, Marys, etc.; several towns are called Washington; there is a Boston in America and a Boston in England. These names are, however, strictly proper nouns, because they were separately given, and are used to distinguish individuals, and not classes.

Occasionally, proper nouns are used to denote a class or group; as, the Caesars, the Adamses, meaning all who belong to certain families. Again, the name of some distinguished man is sometimes applied to another who is supposed to possess similar qualities; as, a modern Solon, meaning a statesman resembling the Greek lawgiver; a young Napoleon, a Daniel come to judgment. In such cases the proper noun is said to be used as a common noun.

DEFINITION. A common noun is a noun that is used as the name of a class of things; as, river, boy, day, height.

There are some nouns that denote groups of