Golunskiy was born July 4, 1895, in Moscow. He was graduated by the juridical faculty of Moscow University in 1917 and became a kandidat (a postgraduate student preparing for a doctorate degree) in 1919. He worked in the office of the U.S.S.R. State Prosecutor from 1923 to 1939. Elected corresponding member of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences in 1939 in the field of law, he performed "leading scientific work" at the Academy's Institute of Law (where he reportedly was dean) and at the Academy of Military Law from then until 1943. He has been the Director of the Scientific-Research Institute of Criminology since 1956. A vice president of the "U.S.S.R.-Great Britain Society" since it was established in early 1958, he is a member of the legal section of the Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries, and was active in a similar section of the union's predecessor organization as early as 1947. When the U.S.S.R. Association for Assistance to the United Nations was formed in March 1956, he was elected a member of the Central Board, and has been deputy chairman of the organization since at least November 1958.

Golunskiy, who joined the party in 1941, began his diplomatic career in 1943, when he joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as an interpreter and adviser. Fluent in English, he attended the important wartime conferences in Moscow (1943), Dumbarton Oaks (1944), Yalta, San Francisco, and Potsdam (all in 1945). He served as Associate Soviet Prosecutor at the Japanese War Crimes Trials in Tokyo from April to October 1946. Present at the meetings of the Council of Foreign Ministers in London (1946) and in Moscow (1947), Golunskiy also attended the Japanese Peace Conference at San Francisco (1951), the Four-Power Foreign Ministers' Conference in Berlin (1954), and the Eighth Session of the General Conference of UNESCO at Montevideo (November 1954).

As a member of Soviet delegations he attended the World Peace Council meeting in Helsinki (June 1955), the Conference on Danger to Mankind from Nuclear Explosions in London (August 1955), the Sixth Congress of the International Association of Democratic Lawyers at Brussels (May 1956), and the 11th and 12th Plenary Assemblies of the World Federation of United Nations Associations at Geneva (September 1957 and 1958, respectively). At the 11th Plenary Assembly he was elected a member of the federation's executive committee. In early 1956 Golunskiy visited London at the invitation of the London University to lecture on Soviet legal education and to study British legal procedures. He headed a delegation from the U.S.S.R. Association for Assistance to the United Nations which visited the United States in November 1958 at the invitation of its American counterpart organization.

Golunskiy is a coauthor of the following textbooks: "Textbook on the Juridical System" (1939), "Criminology" (1939), and "The Juridical System of the U.S.S.R." (1946). He was one of the compilers of the two-volume work entitled "The Nuremburg Trials: Records," (1951-52), and also edited a collection of documents entitled "History of the Legislation of the U.S.S.R. and R.S.F.S.R., on the Criminal Trial and Organization of the Court and Procuratura," 1917-54 (1955). At the present time he is one of the general editors of a scheduled new edition of a three-volume Diplomatic Dictionary. A member of the editorial board of "Sovetskoye gosudarstvo i pravo" (Soviet State and Law), a periodical of the Institute of Law of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, as early as 1946, Golunskiy became chief editor in January 1958.

Golunskiy has been awarded a number of orders and medals, including the Order of Patriotic War, First Class (1945).

Visscher, Charles de, Belgium

Charles de Visscher is a distinguished international jurist, who has served on the highest international tribunals, received many academic honors, and holds membership or office in an impressive group of academic societies.

M. de Visscher was born in Ghent on August 2, 1884. He studied law at the Universities of Ghent and Paris, and holds honorary doctorates from the Universities of Paris, Nancy, and Montpellier. He began his career as professor of law at the University of Ghent in 1911 and became professor of international law at the University of Louvain in 1930. He served as legal counselor to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs for many years before the last war, and in 1923 was elected a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, serving until May 1957. During the interwar years De Visscher filled various assignments with the League of Nations, including rapporteur of the Committee To

Amend the Convenant and the Committee for the Study of Conciliation Procedure. He was a member of the Committee of Jurists investigating the Corfu incident, and of the Committee of Experts for the Progressive Codification of International Law. He was Belgian delegate to the first Conference on the Codification of International Law, and served as a member of the Permanent Court of International Justice from 1937 until the Court's demise in 1946.

During the early years of the last world war, M. de Visscher remained in Belgium and entered the resistance movement, but later joined the Belgian Government-in-exile in London where he served as Minister Without Portfolio in 1944-45. In 1945 he represented Belgium on the Committee of Jurists which met in Washington to draft the Statute of the International Court of Justice, and in the same year was chief legal adviser to the Belgian delegation to the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco. He was a delegate to the first session of the United Nations General Assembly in 1946, and to the General Council of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization in 1946, 1949, and 1951. He was elected to the International Court of Justice in 1946 for a 6-year term, but failed of reelection in 1952. In 1954 he was chosen president of the BURAIMI Arbitration Tribunal considering a dispute between the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia, but resigned the following year.

M. de Visscher is the author of numerous publications on international law. His memberships include the Institute of International Law which he joined in 1921 and of which he was Secretary-General (1925-27) and president (1947-48), the Royal Academy of Belgium, and the International Academic Union, which he served as president from 1947 to 1950. He is president of the Institute of International Relations in Brussels, and a member of the governing body of the Academy of International Law at The Hague. He was editor of the Review of International Law and Comparative Legislation from 1920 until at least 1957. M. de Visscher lost a son in the last war.

Krylov, Sergey Borisovich, U.S.S.R.

Sergey Borisovich Krylov, doctor of juridical sciences, a leading Soviet international law expert, and a member of the party, died at the age of 71 on November 24, 1958. Long a professor and writer in the field of international law, he served as the Soviet representative on the International Court of Justice from 1946 to late 1951, when he withdrew his candidacy for reelection because of ill health. From late 1953 to December 1956 he was the Soviet member of the International Law Commission of the United Nations. After 1918 he had served as professor of public and private international law at Leningrad State University, and later at the Higher Diplomatic School of the U.S.S.R. Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Moscow and at Moscow State University. Through his lectures and publications Krylov undoubtedly had a considerable influence upon the present generation of Soviet jurists and diplomats.

Krylov was born in St. Petersburg on January 1, 1888. He began to teach at the University of St. Petersburg in 1910, after having been graduated by its law faculty. He served in the army from 1912 to 1918, and was an early supporter of the revolution. It was not until 1939 that he received his doctorate from Moscow State University. From 1943 until his death he headed the chair of international law at the Institute of [World Economics and] International Relations of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences. Krylov served as deputy chairman of the Soviet Association for International Law and chief editor of its Yearbook of International Law from the foundation of that organization (apparently in 1957) until his death. He was elected a vice president of the "U.S.S.R.-Italy" Society at the founding meeting of that organization in February 1958.

From 1942 to 1946 Krylov served in the U.S.S.R. Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a legal advisor, attending the Dumbarton Oaks Conference (1944), the San Francisco United Nations Conference (1945), and the first session of the United Nations General Assembly (1946). He was head of the Soviet delegation to the 47th Conference of the World Association for International Law at Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, in August 1956, when he announced that the U.S.S.R. had decided to join that organization, and was a member of the Soviet delegation to the conference of the same organization in New York 2 years later. In February 1958 he was a member of the Soviet delegation to the United Nations conference on the law of the sea at Geneva.

Included among his many publications in the field of international law are: "A Course in Aviation Law" (1933), "The Soviet Doctrine of International Law" (1947), and "The Creation of The Text of The U.N. Charter" (1949). He was

also coauthor of two textbooks: International Private Law (1930 and 1939) and International Public Law (1946). Krylov's talents have on occasion been used to further Soviet propaganda aims. In an article published in Izvestiya in May 1957 he wrote that the Soviet Union had always "scrupulously" observed its international treaties and carefully fulfilled its international obligations, whereas gross violations of international commitments by the United States had become common practice.

In 1916 Krylov married Yeva Nikolayevna Okuneva, who was born in 1886; they had a son, Boris, and a daughter, Yelena. At the time of Krylov's death he held the titles of Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and of Distinguished Scientific Worker of the RSFSR. Along with other medals, he had been awarded the Badge of Honor and two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor (one in 1945).

Azevedo, Jose Philadelpho de Barros e (Born at Rio de Janeiro, March 13, 1894), Brazil

Doctor of law, Rio de Janeiro, 1914. Former student at the School of Political Science, Paris. Professor of philosophy at Pedro II College. Appointed in 1932, as the result of a competition, professor of civil law in the National Faculty of Law; later dean of the faculty and vice rector of the University of Brazil.

As a barrister, he was elected batonnier of the Rio de Janeiro Bar, 1936, and president of the Institute of Advocates of Brazil.

Was procureur general at the court of appeal, Rio de Janeiro; in 1942 was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of Brazil. Has just retired from this post.

Was a member of the Education Council, and of committees on legislation and on the revision of the Civil Code; Adviser to the Foreign Ministry and to the Geographical and Statistical Institute. Sometime mayor of Rio de Janeiro.

Is a member of the Societe de Legislation comparee, of the Institut Henri Capitant and of other national and foreign associations; represented his country at the Semaine internationale de Droit, Paris; at the Second Congress of Comparative Law, The Hague; at the Eighth American Scientific Congress, Washington; at the meeting of the Union internationale des Avocats, Paris, and the Inaugural Session of the Inter-American Bar Association.

Author of articles on law, opinions, awards and lectures; has written on special subjects, such as real property, authors' rights, the theory of obligations, the execution of awards, etc.

Is a member of the Brazilian Section of the Institute of Intellectual Cooperation, and of the Brazilian Society of International Law. Has published an essay entitled "Treaties and private interests in Brazilian Law" in the bulletin of the above society.

Fabela, Isidro, Mexico

The well-known Mexican jurist, writer and diplomat, Isidro Fabela, served as a member of the International Court of Justice at The Hague from 1946 to 1955. He has contributed articles to various newspapers throughout Latin America and has written books on literature, poetry and international affairs. Born on June 2, 1882 in Atlacomoluco, Mexico, Fabela graduated with a law degree from the National University of Mexico in 1908. After establishing a law practice, he entered politics and was elected to the Mexican Congress, but left this post in 1913 to join the revolution of Coahuila. Fabela was Minister of Foreign Affairs under the Constitutionalist Government and later served in diplomatic posts in Europe in 1915, in Latin America from 1916 to 1920, and as Minister to Germany in 1920. He held a professorship in international law at the National University of Mexico in 1921, was a deputy from 1922 to 1923 and a judge on the Italo-Mexican International Arbitration Commission from 1928 to 1932, in addition to his law practice. In 1936 Fabela was appointed a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague. Upon the death of the incumbent Governor of the State of Mexico in 1941, he was appointed to finish the 4-year term.

Fabela is married and speaks English and French.

4. LIST OF CONTENTIOUS CASES AND REQUESTS FOR ADVISORY OPINIONS CONSIDERED BY INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE1

Contentious cases

1 Summary prepared by Department of State.

Advisory opinions

Name of case

Conditions of admission of a State to membership in the United Nations
(art. 4 of the charter).

Reparation for injuries suffered in the service of the United Nations...
Interpretation of peace treaties with Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania....

Result

Advisory opinion of May 28, 1948.

Advisory opinion of Apr. 11, 1949.

Advisory opinion of Mar. 30, 1950 (1st phase). Advisory opinion of July 18, 1950 (2d phase).

Competence of the General Assembly for the admission of a State to the Advisory opinion of Mar. 3, United Nations.

International status of South West Africa...........

Reservations to the convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide.

Effect of awards of compensation made by the United Nations Administrative Tribunal.

Voting procedure on questions relating to reports and petitions concerning the Territory of South West Africa.

Judgments of the Administrative Tribunal of the ILO upon complaints
made against the UNESCO.

Admissibility of hearings of petitioners by the Committee on South West
Africa.

Constitution of the Maritime Safety Committee.

1950.